{ "count": 128, "causes": [ { "id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "name": "Global health \u2014 life-saving", "slug": "global-health-life-saving", "description": "Interventions that avert deaths in LMICs (malaria, vaccines, micronutrients). Wave CC research pack maps tuberculosis (ACF / IPT-TPT) as future-only under cause_tuberculosis \u2014 no live TB orgs; GiveWell TB cells bibliography-only; see docs/cause-tuberculosis-research.md. Wave CF research pack maps HIV/AIDS (oral PrEP, VMMC, ART/treatment support) as future-only under cause_hiv \u2014 no live HIV orgs; GiveWell HIV CEA cells bibliography-only (never invent CE). See docs/cause-hiv-research.md. Wave CG research pack maps diarrhea / ORS / cholera as future-only under cause_diarrhea \u2014 cross-links live water chlorination + org_new_incentives_ors; GiveWell ORS/zinc cells bibliography-only; see docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md. Wave CO research pack maps vision / trachoma / cataract as future-only under cause_vision \u2014 cross-links live Sightsavers deworming (no duplicate); GiveWell cataract BOTE cells bibliography-only; see docs/cause-vision-research.md. Wave CQ research pack maps hypertension / cardiovascular (dietary salt modification, community salt substitution, thin antihypertensive access) as future-only under cause_hypertension \u2014 GiveWell salt/CVD pages primary; Pure Earth/lead vs hypertension-meds cells bibliography-only; cross-link lead + air-quality packs; see docs/cause-hypertension-research.md. Wave CS research pack maps skin NTDs (scabies MDA, yaws, leprosy) as future-only under cause_skin_ntd \u2014 cross-links deworming + vision packs (no duplicate Sightsavers); GiveWell scabies CEA cells bibliography-only; see docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md. Wave CV research pack maps road safety / traffic injury (speed enforcement, speed bumps, helmets, drink-drive, trauma care, Zusha!-class speak-up stickers) as future-only under cause_road_safety \u2014 GiveWell Zusha! CEA cells bibliography-only; no org ingest; do not duplicate maternal trauma; lead/air packs stay separate; see docs/cause-road-safety-research.md. Wave DA research pack maps alcohol harm / tobacco control (WHO best buys tax/ads/smoke-free; brief interventions bibliography) as future-only under cause_alcohol_tobacco \u2014 GiveWell RESET BOTEC bibliography-only; cross-link hypertension + diabetes (no salt-sub duplicate); see docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md. Wave DB research pack maps childhood pneumonia / ARI (pulse ox, oxygen, CCM, amox-DT) as future-only under cause_pneumonia \u2014 PCV/Hib stay immunization; HAP stays air-quality; diarrhea separate; GiveWell iCCM + R4D amox cells bibliography-only; see docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md. Wave DC research pack maps hepatitis B/C (HepB birth-dose coverage gap; testing & treatment access incl. HCV DAAs bibliography; blood/injection safety) as future-only under cause_hepatitis \u2014 cross-link immunization NI pentavalent/HepB BD (no duplicate vaccine CE) + HIV co-infection notes only; no GiveWell dedicated Hep CEA; Gavi bibliography-only; see docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md. Wave DH research pack maps snakebite envenoming (antivenom access, community first-response) as future-only under cause_snakebite \u2014 GiveWell 2017 below-bar / Dec 2022 thread bibliography-only; WHO/IHME burden bibliography; cross-link skin-NTD + deworming packs (no duplicates); see docs/cause-snakebite-research.md. Wave DN research pack maps sickle cell disease (newborn screening, penicillin prophylaxis, hydroxyurea access, transfusion/malaria co-management) as future-only under cause_sickle_cell \u2014 no live SCD orgs; no GiveWell Top Charity/CEA found; WHO/IHME burden bibliography; see docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md. Wave DO research pack maps hearing loss / ear & hearing care (childhood screening, chronic otitis media sequelae, hearing-aids access, occupational conservation) as future-only under cause_hearing_loss \u2014 WHO WRH investment-case + GBD YLDs bibliography-only; no GiveWell dedicated hearing CEA; cross-link immunization PCV (no duplicate vaccine CE) + pain/palliative; see docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md. Wave DQ research pack maps epilepsy / seizure disorders (ASM/phenobarbital access, mhGAP primary-care) as future-only under cause_epilepsy \u2014 no live epilepsy orgs; no GiveWell dedicated CEA; WHO/IHME bibliography; cross-link MH + pain (no IPT/palliative duplicates); see docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md. Wave DT research pack maps burns / thermal injury (safer cookstoves/lamps prevention; first-aid access themes; reconstructive care access) as future-only under cause_burns \u2014 no live burns orgs; no GiveWell dedicated burns CEA; WHO/IHME bibliography; cross-link air-quality HAP (no HAP CE duplicate) + road-safety trauma + pain; see docs/cause-burns-research.md. Wave DU research pack maps meningitis / meningococcal disease (African belt epidemic surveillance & outbreak response; diagnosis/treatment care access; post-meningitis sequelae support) as future-only under cause_meningitis \u2014 no live meningitis orgs; GiveWell Meningitis A (2016) RFMF-stop bibliography-only (never invent CE); WHO Defeating Meningitis by 2030 + IHME GBD bibliography; cross-link immunization PCV/Hib/MenA/Men5CV (no vaccine CE duplicate) + hearing-loss sequelae notes only; see docs/cause-meningitis-research.md. Wave DV research pack maps childhood cancer (early diagnosis/referral; essential medicines & treatment access; CureAll/GICC programme strengthening) as future-only under cause_childhood_cancer \u2014 no live childhood-cancer orgs; no GiveWell dedicated CEA; WHO CureAll/GICC + IHME bibliography; cross-link pain/palliative (no morphine duplicate); see docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md. Wave DY research pack maps CKD / dialysis access (early detection; KRT; transplant + conservative care) as future-only under cause_kidney_disease \u2014 no live kidney orgs; no GiveWell dedicated CKD CEA; WHO/IHME bibliography; cross-link hypertension + diabetes (no salt-sub/diabetes draft duplicates); see docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md. Wave DZ research pack maps stroke / cerebrovascular disease (HTN-control prevention pathway shape; acute care & thrombolysis access; rehab/secondary-prevention access) as future-only under cause_stroke \u2014 no live stroke orgs; no GiveWell dedicated stroke CEA; WHO/IHME bibliography; cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + diabetes + alcohol/tobacco (no MPOWER duplicate); see docs/cause-stroke-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "global health", "saving lives" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best charity to save lives", "GiveWell top charities", "tuberculosis GiveWell household contact management", "active case finding TB charity", "hypertension salt substitute GiveWell", "dietary salt modification cardiovascular", "scabies MDA GiveWell", "skin NTD yaws leprosy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "givewell_top", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "name": "Global health & wellbeing", "slug": "global-health-wellbeing", "description": "WELLBYs, mental health, and non-fatal health outcomes in LMICs. Wave CP research pack maps pain / palliative care (morphine access systems) as future-only under cause_pain_palliative \u2014 HLI primary; Pallium BOTECs bibliography-only; GiveWell N/A for portable CE; no medical advice; see docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md. Wave EC maps depression/CMD systems treatment-gap as future-only under `cause_depression_treatment_gap` (complementary to MH HLI expansion); see docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md. Wave EP maps autism/NDD support & early identification as future-only under `cause_autism_ndd`; see docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "wellbeing_wellbys", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "wellbeing", "happiness" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best charity for happiness", "WELLBY charity", "HLI recommendations", "Happier Lives Institute recommended charities", "Happier Lives Fund donate", "WELLBYs per thousand dollars", "StrongMinds vs Friendship Bench", "subjective wellbeing charity LMIC", "HLI Top Charities", "HLI Promising Charities", "quality of life vs lives saved giving" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "hli_living_review", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/research/living-review-of-wellby-cost-effectiveness-analyses/" }, { "source_id": "hli_wellby", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/the-wellby/" }, { "source_id": "hli_hlf", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/happier-lives-fund/" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_malaria", "name": "Malaria control", "slug": "malaria", "description": "Nets (ITNs), seasonal chemoprevention (SMC), and related malaria control. Live: int_itn (AMF Top Charity), int_smc (Malaria Consortium Top Charity), thin int_malaria_vaccine_support (PATH TA; $/life null). Wave BY research pack maps perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC), indoor residual spraying (IRS), and RTS,S/R21 vaccine bibliography as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; vaccines bibliography-only; no invented CE). See docs/cause-malaria-research.md. Cross-link Wave DN sickle cell disease pack (`cause_sickle_cell` future) for malaria\u2013SCD interaction / co-management notes only \u2014 do **not** duplicate ITN/SMC/PMC CE. See docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md. Cross-link Wave EE anaemia pack for malaria\u2013anaemia co-driver notes only \u2014 do **not** duplicate ITN/SMC/PMC CE; see docs/cause-anemia-research.md. Cross-link Wave HT malaria SMC / seasonal chemoprevention systems pack (`cause_malaria_smc` future) \u2014 SMC campaign-delivery / geographic-expansion / related-chemoprevention systems deepen under SMC with CE null; **live int_smc / int_itn Top Charity CE stay here**; Wave BY thin PMC/IRS stay here; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md. Cross-link Wave IA malaria IRS / indoor residual spray systems pack (`cause_malaria_irs` future) \u2014 IRS campaign-delivery / IRM / ITN\u2194IRS prioritization systems deepen under IRS with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; Wave BY thin `int_malaria_irs` stays here (do not re-home); **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-irs-research.md. Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` deepens PMC / perennial chemoprevention systems (CE-null drafts) \u2014 **ITN and SMC GiveWell CE stay here**; Wave BY thin `int_malaria_pmc` stays malaria-owned bibliography; **PMC \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 IRS**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md. Cross-link Wave IC malaria vaccine introduction / RTS,S / R21 systems pack (`cause_malaria_vaccine` future) \u2014 vaccine intro / cold-chain\u20134-dose completion / RTS,S\u2194R21 product-choice\u2013TA systems deepen under vaccine with CE null; **thin `int_malaria_vaccine_support` $/life null stays here** (do not duplicate); **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell malaria-vaccine Top Charity honest null; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-vaccine-research.md. Cross-link Wave IG malaria LSM / larval source management systems pack (`cause_malaria_lsm` future) \u2014 larviciding-campaign / habitat-environmental / LSM\u2194ITN/IRS prioritization systems deepen under LSM with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell LSM Top Charity / dedicated LSM CEA honest null; **LSM \u2260 IRS \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 PMC \u2260 vaccine**; dengue Aedes IVM \u2260 Anopheles LSM ownership; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-lsm-research.md. Cross-link Wave IN malaria case management / diagnosis systems pack (`cause_malaria_case_management` future) \u2014 RDT/microscopy-access / community-CM-delivery / severe-referral\u2013inpatient-readiness systems deepen under CM with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell CM Top Charity / dedicated published CM CEA honest null; **CM \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 IRS \u2260 PMC \u2260 vaccine \u2260 LSM**; pneumonia iCCM bibliography cross-link only (malaria CM \u2260 pneumonia care CE); **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md. Cross-link Wave IR malaria IPTi / intermittent preventive treatment in infants systems pack (`cause_malaria_ipti` future) \u2014 EPI-contact delivery / coverage-supervision / surveillance-targeting systems deepen under IPTi with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; Wave IB PMC perennial systems stay IB (WHO renamed IPTi\u2192PMC 2022; **no dual CE**); GiveWell IPTi Top Charity honest null (interim preliminary CEA cite-only/quarantine); **IPTi \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 CM**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-ipti-research.md. Cross-link Wave IU malaria MDA / mass screening-and-treatment programme systems pack (`cause_malaria_mda` future) \u2014 elimination-setting MDA / outbreak-reactive MDA / MSAT-screening-linked programme systems deepen under MDA with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell MDA Top Charity / dedicated published MDA CEA honest null; **MDA \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 PMC \u2260 IPTi \u2260 CM**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-mda-research.md. Cross-link Wave IX malaria IPTsc / school-age chemoprevention systems pack (`cause_malaria_iptsc` future) \u2014 school-platform IPTsc delivery / coverage-equity / surveillance-targeting programme systems deepen under IPTsc with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell IPTsc Top Charity / dedicated published IPTsc CEA honest null; **IPTsc \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 PMC \u2260 IPTi \u2260 MDA \u2260 CM**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-iptsc-research.md. Cross-link Wave JB malaria P. vivax / radical-cure programme systems pack (`cause_malaria_vivax` future) \u2014 species-diagnosis-access / radical-cure-programme / relapse-prevention / G6PD-testing programme systems deepen under vivax with CE null; **live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here**; GiveWell vivax radical-cure / G6PD Top Charity / dedicated published vivax radical-cure CEA honest null; **vivax \u2260 SMC \u2260 IPTp \u2260 PMC \u2260 IPTi \u2260 IPTsc \u2260 MDA \u2260 CM \u2260 vaccine \u2260 LSM \u2260 IRS**; Wave IN CM \u2260 vivax-specific radical-cure/G6PD ownership (cross-link only); **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-vivax-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "IPTi", "IRS", "ITN", "LLIN", "PMC", "R21", "RTS,S", "SMC", "bed nets", "chemoprevention", "malaria" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria charity", "Against Malaria Foundation donate", "GiveWell AMF cost-effectiveness", "Malaria Consortium SMC", "insecticide-treated nets GiveWell", "seasonal malaria chemoprevention", "perennial malaria chemoprevention PMC", "indoor residual spraying malaria", "malaria vaccine RTS,S R21 GiveWell", "bed nets charity", "sickle cell malaria Better World cross-link", "SMC systems deepen Better World Wave HT", "malaria vaccine RTS,S R21 systems Better World Wave IC", "PATH malaria vaccine TA GiveWell not Top Charity", "larval source management malaria systems Better World", "larviciding vs ITN IRS GiveWell", "P vivax radical cure systems Better World Wave JB", "G6PD testing malaria programme systems Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_amf_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/amf" }, { "source_id": "gw_itn_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/insecticide-treated-nets" }, { "source_id": "gw_mc_smc_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/malaria-consortium" }, { "source_id": "gw_smc_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/seasonal-malaria-chemoprevention" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_vaccine_ta_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/path-technical-assistance-to-support-malaria-vaccines-rollout-march-2024" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_pmc_drc_2022", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/PATH-perennial-malaria-chemoprevention-pilot-democratic-republic-of-congo-november-2022" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sickle_cell_research", "url": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_smc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_iptp_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_vaccine_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-vaccine-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_irs_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-irs-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_lsm_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-lsm-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_case_management_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_ipti_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-ipti-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_vivax_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-vivax-research.md" } ], "disambiguation_note": "Wave HT cause_malaria_smc deepens SMC campaign-delivery / geographic-expansion / related-chemoprevention systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_smc / int_itn Top Charity CE and Wave BY PMC/IRS stay here; no dual CE. Wave HV `cause_malaria_iptp` deepens IPTp / MiP ANC systems (CE-null drafts) \u2014 **ITN and SMC GiveWell CE stay here**; childhood SMC \u2260 IPTp; **no dual CE**. Wave IA `cause_malaria_irs` deepens IRS campaign-delivery / IRM / ITN\u2194IRS prioritization systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE and Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs stay here; no dual CE; HT SMC \u2260 IRS; HV IPTp \u2260 IRS. Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` \u2014 PMC systems deepen (CE null); thin Wave BY `int_malaria_pmc` stays here; **no dual CE**. Wave IC `cause_malaria_vaccine` deepens malaria-vaccine intro / cold-chain\u2013series / RTS,S\u2194R21 product-choice\u2013TA systems only (CE null) \u2014 thin int_malaria_vaccine_support $/life null and live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here; no dual CE; HT SMC \u2260 vaccine; HV IPTp \u2260 vaccine; IA IRS \u2260 vaccine; IB PMC \u2260 vaccine (PMC\u00b1RTS,S quarantine); Wave BZ immunization owns routine EPI/Gavi bibliography. Wave IN `cause_malaria_case_management` deepens malaria case-management / diagnosis systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here; no dual CE; HT SMC \u2260 CM; HV IPTp \u2260 CM; IA IRS \u2260 CM; IB PMC \u2260 CM; IC vaccine \u2260 CM; IG LSM \u2260 CM; Wave DB pneumonia care \u2260 malaria CM CE (iCCM cross-link only). Wave IR `cause_malaria_ipti` deepens infant EPI-contact IPTi systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here; Wave IB PMC sibling (no dual CE); HT SMC \u2260 IPTi; HV IPTp \u2260 IPTi; IN CM \u2260 prevention. Wave IU `cause_malaria_mda` deepens malaria MDA / MSAT programme systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here; no dual CE; HT SMC \u2260 MDA; HV IPTp \u2260 MDA; IB PMC \u2260 MDA; IR IPTi \u2260 MDA; IN CM \u2260 MDA; GiveWell MDA Top Charity / dedicated CEA honest null. Wave IX cause_malaria_iptsc = IPTsc / school-age chemoprevention systems deepen (CE null) \u2014 \u2260 live ITN/SMC CE; HT SMC \u2260 IPTsc; HV IPTp \u2260 IPTsc; IB PMC \u2260 IPTsc; IR IPTi \u2260 IPTsc; IU MDA \u2260 IPTsc; IN CM \u2260 prevention. Wave JB `cause_malaria_vivax` deepens P. vivax / radical-cure / G6PD / relapse programme systems only (CE null) \u2014 live int_itn / int_smc Top Charity CE stay here; no dual CE; IN CM \u2260 vivax radical-cure/G6PD ownership; HT SMC \u2260 vivax; HV IPTp \u2260 vivax; IB PMC \u2260 vivax; IR IPTi \u2260 vivax; IX IPTsc \u2260 vivax; IU MDA \u2260 vivax radical-cure ownership; IC vaccine \u2260 vivax; IG LSM \u2260 vivax; IA IRS \u2260 vivax; GiveWell vivax radical-cure Top Charity / dedicated CEA honest null.", "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_nutrition", "name": "Nutrition & micronutrients", "slug": "nutrition", "description": "VAS, staple fortification, IFA/MMS, iodization, and malnutrition treatment. Live: int_vas (Helen Keller Top Charity), int_iron_fortification (Fortify Health), int_cmat (Taimaka/ALIMA) + Evidence Action IFA org lineage. Wave BU research pack maps salt iodization, maternal MMS, rice fortification, Africa iron/anemia RFI, and school-age IFA as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; no invented CE). See docs/cause-nutrition-research.md. Cross-link: maternal MMS draft stays here (int_nutrition_mms_pregnancy) \u2014 Wave CB maternal/neonatal pack must not duplicate it (docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md). Cross-link Wave CQ hypertension pack for GiveWell dietary salt modification / CVD Hypothesis 2 (nutrition strategy) \u2014 salt-CVD drafts live under cause_hypertension, not here; see docs/cause-hypertension-research.md. Cross-link Wave DS noma pack (`cause_noma` future; nutrition/poverty co-factor stub) \u2014 do **not** transfer VAS/CMAM/fortification CE into noma drafts; see docs/cause-noma-research.md. Cross-link Wave EE anaemia pack (`cause_anemia` future; multi-etiology surveillance + malaria/helminth/maternal pathway stubs) \u2014 do **not** transfer iron fortification/IFA/MMS/VAS/CMAM CE into anaemia drafts; see docs/cause-anemia-research.md. Cross-link Wave EG iodine-deficiency pack (`cause_iodine_deficiency` future; USI/goiter/UIC surveillance + residual-pocket themes) \u2014 do **not** transfer manufacturer salt-iodization draft CE (`int_nutrition_salt_iodization`) or VAS/IFA into iodine drafts; see docs/cause-iodine-deficiency-research.md. Cross-link Wave EK vitamin D / rickets pack (`cause_vitamin_d_rickets` future; pediatric/maternal VDD\u2013rickets) \u2014 do **not** transfer VAS (vitamin A) / IFA / MMS / iron / salt-iodization CE into vitamin D drafts; see docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys", "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "IFA", "MMS", "VAS", "anemia", "fortification", "iodization", "malnutrition", "micronutrients", "nutrition", "vitamin A", "maternal MMS" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best nutrition charity", "Helen Keller vitamin A", "GiveWell VAS cost-effectiveness", "Fortify Health donate", "iron fortification charity", "salt iodization GiveWell", "multiple micronutrient supplements pregnancy", "Evidence Action IFA India", "micronutrient fortification LMIC", "Taimaka malnutrition" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_hki_vas_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/helen-keller-international" }, { "source_id": "gw_vas_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/vitamin-A" }, { "source_id": "gw_iron_fortification", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/iron-fortification" }, { "source_id": "gw_anemia_rfi_africa_2026", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/03/02/givewell-launches-rfis-for-targeted-vaccination-outreach-in-three-countries-and-anemia-control-programs-in-africa/" }, { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "cause_nutrition_research", "url": "docs/cause-nutrition-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_immunization", "name": "Immunization & vaccine uptake", "slug": "immunization", "description": "Routine childhood vaccine coverage and related uptake programs (conditional cash incentives, outreach, reminders). Live: int_cci + org_new_incentives (GiveWell Top Charity). Wave BZ research pack maps GiveWell vaccine strategy, IRD/Suvita demand-side & reminders, targeted outreach RFI, measles SIAs, HPV drafts, and Gavi bibliography-only as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; no invented CE). Related live malaria vaccine TA stays under cause_malaria. See docs/cause-immunization-research.md Cross-link Wave CG diarrhea pack for ORS co-delivery expansion (live org_new_incentives_ors \u2014 do not duplicate); see docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md. Cross-link Wave CX cervical cancer / HPV research pack for screen-and-treat + treatment access (cause_cervical_hpv future-only) \u2014 HPV vaccine draft int_immunization_hpv stays here; do not duplicate vaccine CE. See docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md. Cross-link Wave DB pneumonia pack for treatment/systems (pulse ox, oxygen, CCM, amox) \u2014 PCV/Hib vaccine CE stays here (live int_cci); do not duplicate vaccine CE into pneumonia. See docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md. Cross-link Wave DN sickle cell disease pack \u2014 PCV/Hib vaccine CE stays here (live int_cci); SCD infection-prevention drafts stay SCD (penicillin / screening). See docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md. Cross-link Wave DO hearing-loss pack for childhood hearing / CSOM sequelae / occupational framing \u2014 PCV/Hib/meningitis vaccine CE stays here (live int_cci); do not duplicate vaccine CE into hearing. See docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md. Cross-link Wave DU meningitis pack for belt epidemic surveillance / care access / sequelae \u2014 PCV/Hib/MenA/Men5CV vaccine CE stays here (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography); do not duplicate vaccine CE into meningitis. See docs/cause-meningitis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GK Japanese encephalitis / arboviral encephalitis vaccine systems pack (`cause_japanese_encephalitis` future) \u2014 JE introduction / catch-up / AEFI systems deepen under JE with CE null; Gavi/NI + routine EPI CE stay here (live int_cci); do not invent dual JE CE. See docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GN rabies PEP / dog vaccination systems pack (`cause_rabies` future) \u2014 PEP access / dog MDV / bite-surveillance deepen under rabies with CE null; Gavi human-rabies PEP vaccine support is programme-shape bibliography (RIG and dog vaccines not covered); Gavi/NI + routine EPI CE stay here (live int_cci); do not invent dual rabies CE or dog-MDV\u2194human-EPI dual CE. See docs/cause-rabies-research.md. Cross-link Wave GQ yellow fever vaccine / outbreak response systems pack (`cause_yellow_fever` future) \u2014 YF introduction / PMVC / ICG-stockpile systems deepen under YF with CE null; Gavi/NI + routine EPI CE stay here (live int_cci); NI YF antigen note stays immunization; do not invent dual YF CE. See docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md. Cross-link Wave GV cholera / OCV systems (`cause_cholera`) \u2014 OCV campaign/ICG \u2260 routine EPI CE; Gavi OCV portfolio bibliography-only stays immunization-owned Gavi policy; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-cholera-research.md. Cross-link Wave GW typhoid / TCV systems pack (`cause_typhoid` future) \u2014 TCV introduction / catch-up / outbreak-response deepen under typhoid with CE null; Gavi TCV portfolio bibliography-only stays immunization-owned Gavi policy; Gavi/NI + routine EPI CE stay here (live int_cci); **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-typhoid-research.md. Cross-link Wave GY measles SIAs / outbreak response systems pack (`cause_measles` future) \u2014 measles SIA / ORI / GMRLN surveillance-lab systems deepen under measles with CE null; Gavi/NI + routine EPI CE + thin `int_immunization_measles_sia` stay here (live `int_cci`); **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-measles-research.md. Cross-link Wave GZ polio / nOPV / cVDPV systems pack (`docs/cause-polio-research.md`) \u2014 nOPV2 outbreak response / endemic WPV campaigns / GPLN surveillance-lab are CE-null under `cause_polio`; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE + IPV-in-RI stay here** (live `int_cci`) \u2014 **no dual CE**. Cross-link Wave HD Hib conjugate vaccine systems pack (cause_hib future) \u2014 Hib introduction / catch-up / meningitis\u2013pneumonia programme deepening is complementary; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE including Penta/Hib stay here** (live int_cci) \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-hib-research.md. Cross-link Wave HC rotavirus / RVV systems pack (`docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md`) \u2014 RVV introduction / catch-up / cold-chain & surveillance are CE-null under `cause_rotavirus`; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE (incl. NI rotavirus indirect cells) stay here** (live `int_cci`) \u2014 **no dual CE**. Wave HG rubella/CRS pack (`cause_rubella`) complementary for RCV introduction / CRS surveillance (CE null) \u2014 MR/MMR bibliography + routine EPI / NI CE stay immunization; **no dual CE**. Cross-link Wave HK PCV systems (`cause_pcv` future) \u2014 PCV intro/catch-up/pneumonia\u2013meningitis programme deepening only; **routine EPI / CCI / NI PCV CE + Gavi bibliography stay here**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-pcv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HL HPV vaccine systems (`cause_hpv` future) \u2014 HPV intro/MAC catch-up/vaccination-pillar deepen under HPV with CE null; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE + thin `int_immunization_hpv` stay here** (live `int_cci`) \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-hpv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HP MenA / meningococcal conjugate systems (`cause_meningococcal`) \u2014 MenA/Men5CV intro complementary; **Gavi/NI / routine EPI CE stay here** \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md. Complementary Wave IH `cause_hepatitis_a` deepens HepA intro / catch-up\u2013outbreak / foodborne\u2013sanitation systems \u2014 **no dual EPI CE**; see docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md. Cross-link Wave IJ seasonal influenza vaccine / programme systems pack (`cause_influenza` future) \u2014 risk-group routine / campaign-delivery / surveillance\u2013vaccine-match deepen under influenza with CE null; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE stay here** (live `int_cci`) \u2014 **no dual CE**; **seasonal influenza \u2260 pandemic preparedness**. See docs/cause-influenza-research.md. Cross-link Wave IP diphtheria vaccine / antitoxin programme systems (`cause_diphtheria`) \u2014 primary/booster / outbreak / DAT access\u2013stockpile deepen under diphtheria with CE null; **Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI / DTP\u2013Penta CE stay here** (live `int_cci`) \u2014 **no dual CE**; **MNT \u2260 diphtheria**; **pertussis \u2260 diphtheria**; **Hib \u2260 diphtheria systems**. See docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "EPI", "HPV", "New Incentives", "immunization", "measles SIA", "vaccine incentives", "vaccines", "ORS co-delivery", "New Incentives ORS", "cervical cancer cross-link", "HPV screen-and-treat cross-link", "meningitis cross-link", "HPV vaccine systems cross-link" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best vaccine charity", "New Incentives GiveWell", "conditional cash immunization Nigeria", "GiveWell vaccines research strategy", "IRD immunization incentives Pakistan", "Suvita SMS vaccination reminders", "targeted vaccination outreach GiveWell RFI", "measles supplementary immunization activities", "HPV vaccination GiveWell", "Gavi vaccine alliance donate", "New Incentives ORS co-delivery", "ORS zinc immunization clinic GiveWell", "polio nOPV2 outbreak response systems", "GPEI polio eradication Better World cross-link" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/new-incentives" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_intervention_sep2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives/september-2024-version" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccination_outreach_rfi_2026", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/03/02/givewell-launches-rfis-for-targeted-vaccination-outreach-in-three-countries-and-anemia-control-programs-in-africa/" }, { "source_id": "gw_hpv_vaccination", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/HPV-vaccination" }, { "source_id": "gw_measles_sia", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/supplementary-immunization-prevent-measles" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diarrhea_research", "url": "docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cervical_hpv_research", "url": "docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sickle_cell_research", "url": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rabies_research", "url": "docs/cause-rabies-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_influenza_research", "url": "docs/cause-influenza-research.md" } ], "disambiguation_note": "Wave HK cause_pcv deepens PCV intro/catch-up/pneumonia\u2013meningitis programme only \u2014 PCV CE stays here; no dual CE. Wave HL cause_hpv deepens HPV intro/MAC catch-up/vaccination-pillar only \u2014 HPV vaccine CE / thin int_immunization_hpv stay here; no dual CE. Wave HP cause_meningococcal \u2014 MenA/Men5CV systems deepening complementary; routine EPI CE stays immunization; no dual CE. Wave HR cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus deepens MNT Td-SIA / clean-delivery / NT-surveillance systems only \u2014 routine Td/TT EPI CE stays here; no dual CE. Wave IJ cause_influenza \u2014 seasonal flu systems complementary; routine EPI CE stays here; no dual CE; seasonal \u2260 pandemic. Wave IO cause_pertussis deepens pertussis aP/wP intro/booster/outbreak systems only \u2014 DTP\u2013Penta/NI CE stays here; no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_mental_health_lmic", "name": "Mental health (LMIC)", "slug": "mental-health-lmic", "description": "Task-shifted psychotherapy and related mental-health wellbeing programs in LMICs. Phase 1 Top Charities (StrongMinds, Friendship Bench) already ingested; Honourable Mentions and pipeline families documented in docs/cause-mental-health-research.md \u2014 no new org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Wave DQ research pack maps epilepsy / seizure disorders (ASM/phenobarbital access, mhGAP primary-care integration) as future-only under cause_epilepsy \u2014 cross-link mhGAP shared tool; do NOT duplicate IPT / Friendship Bench drafts; see docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md. Wave EC research pack maps depression / CMD **systems treatment-gap** (mhGAP PHC scale-up; essential psychotropics access; WHO brief psychological manuals) as future-only under `cause_depression_treatment_gap` \u2014 complementary to this HLI wellbeing / Shamiri\u2013ACTRA expansion pack; do **NOT** duplicate IPT / Friendship Bench / Shamiri / ACTRA CE or invent WELLBY\u2194DALY mixes; see docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md. Wave EQ research pack maps dementia / Alzheimer / cognitive ageing (caregiver support; diagnosis access; action-plan systems) as future-only under `cause_dementia` \u2014 do **NOT** duplicate IPT / Friendship Bench / Shamiri / ACTRA CE or invent dementia disease-modifying CE; see docs/cause-dementia-research.md. Wave EP research pack maps autism / NDD support & early identification (developmental monitoring; WHO CST caregiver access; rights/service-access) as future-only under `cause_autism_ndd` \u2014 complementary; do **NOT** duplicate Shamiri/ACTRA/IPT CE or invent cure framing; see docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "depression" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best mental health charity Africa", "StrongMinds psychotherapy", "Friendship Bench Zimbabwe", "task-shifted psychotherapy LMIC", "Shamiri Institute Kenya", "ACTRA CBT crime reduction", "HLI mental health recommendations", "lay counsellor depression treatment donate", "WELLBY mental health charity", "depression treatment gap LMIC mhGAP", "WHO depression CMD coverage donate" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "hli_sm_fb_report_nov2024", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/report/the-wellbeing-cost-effectiveness-of-strongminds-and-friendship-bench-combining-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-with-charity-related-data-nov-2024-update/" }, { "source_id": "hli_giving_season_2025", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/report/2025-giving-season-charities-update-tis-the-season-to-be-giving/" }, { "source_id": "hli_bloom_mh_takeaways", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/2025/10/10/takeaways_bloom_mental_health_report/" }, { "source_id": "cause_epilepsy_research", "url": "docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_autism_ndd_research", "url": "docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap", "name": "Depression / CMD treatment-gap", "slug": "depression-cmd-treatment-gap", "description": "LMIC depression and common mental disorders (CMD) **systems treatment-gap**: WHO mhGAP primary-care non-specialist scale-up; essential antidepressant/psychotropic medicines access (systems/EML \u2014 no dosing); WHO brief psychological manuals scale-up (PM+, Group IPT, Thinking Healthy \u2014 programme shape). Research pack only \u2014 no live systems interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated mhGAP/CMD-systems CEA or Top Charity found (honest thin-evidence); adjacent GW StrongMinds assessment is charity-level contrast \u2014 MH pack owns HLI WELLBY CE. WHO depression fact sheet + mhGAP + Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan 2013\u20132030; IHME/Lancet Psychiatry MDD MAT coverage (~9.1% global 2021) bibliography-only. Complementary to `cause_mental_health_lmic` HLI Shamiri/ACTRA expansion \u2014 do **not** duplicate IPT/FB/Shamiri/ACTRA CE or invent WELLBY\u2194DALY mixes (ADR 0007 Proposed). Cross-link epilepsy (mhGAP epilepsy-module stays DQ) + pain/palliative. See docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md. Cross-link Wave EQ `cause_dementia` (caregiver/diagnosis/systems \u2014 cognitive ageing) \u2014 do **not** move mhGAP depression/CMD drafts there; dementia module/systems stay EQ; see docs/cause-dementia-research.md. Wave EP `cause_autism_ndd` owns autism/NDD early-ID/caregiver/rights themes \u2014 do **not** re-home under depression mhGAP; co-occurring depression notes only; see docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "depression treatment gap", "common mental disorders", "CMD treatment gap", "mhGAP depression", "minimally adequate treatment depression", "antidepressant access LMIC", "PM+", "Problem Management Plus", "WHO Thinking Healthy", "depression primary care LMIC" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "depression treatment gap LMIC charity", "mhGAP scale-up cost-effectiveness GiveWell", "WHO depression CMD coverage donate", "minimally adequate treatment depression IHME", "antidepressant essential medicines access LMIC", "PM+ Group IPT Thinking Healthy scale-up" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_depression_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression" }, { "source_id": "who_mhgap_programme", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/treatment-care/mental-health-gap-action-programme" }, { "source_id": "who_mh_action_plan_2013_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240031029" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_strongminds_hli_assessment", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/strongminds-happier-lives-institute" }, { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "lancet_psy_mdd_mat_coverage_2021", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(24)00317-1/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mental_health_research", "url": "docs/cause-mental-health-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_autism_ndd_research", "url": "docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME/HLI citations only; no medical advice; no antidepressant dosing, psychotherapy session scripts, or suicide-crisis how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "MH pack (`cause_mental_health_lmic`) owns HLI charity WELLBY paths (StrongMinds/Friendship Bench live; Shamiri/ACTRA expansion drafts). Epilepsy pack owns mhGAP epilepsy-module / ASM. Pain owns morphine. Do not create cause_depression / cause_anxiety / cause_cmd / cause_mhgap duplicates. Never invent WELLBY\u2194DALY mixes; ADR 0007 stays Proposed. Autism/NDD pack (`cause_autism_ndd`) owns early-ID/CST/rights \u2014 stay separate.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_autism_ndd", "name": "Autism / neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) support & early identification", "slug": "autism-ndd-support-early-identification", "description": "LMIC autism / neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) **support & early identification** systems: developmental monitoring / early identification in PHC & MCH; caregiver skills training & family support access (WHO CST programme shape \u2014 no therapy protocols); rights-based inclusion & multisector service access (WHO\u2013UNICEF developmental-disabilities framing). Research pack only \u2014 no live autism/NDD interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated autism / NDD / CST CEA or Top Charity found (honest thin-evidence); never invent CE. WHO autism fact sheet (~1 in 127 in 2021; lifelong neurodevelopmental condition \u2014 **no cure framing**) + CST + WHO\u2013UNICEF Global report + WHA67.8; IHME/Lancet Psychiatry GBD 2021 (~61.8M; ~11.5M DALYs) bibliography-only. Complementary to `cause_mental_health_lmic` HLI Shamiri/ACTRA expansion \u2014 do **not** duplicate IPT/FB/Shamiri/ACTRA CE. Cross-link depression treatment-gap (mhGAP depression/CMD stays EC) + epilepsy (ASM / epilepsy-module stays DQ; co-occurrence notes only) + maternal (developmental monitoring adjacency \u2014 no EmONC duplicate). See docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "autism", "autism spectrum disorder", "ASD", "neurodevelopmental disorders", "NDD", "developmental disabilities", "caregiver skills training", "WHO CST", "early identification autism", "developmental monitoring", "autism inclusion" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best autism charity GiveWell", "autism early identification LMIC donate", "WHO caregiver skills training cost-effectiveness", "neurodevelopmental disabilities service access", "autism stigma inclusion Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_autism_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/autism-spectrum-disorders" }, { "source_id": "who_caregiver_skills_training_overview", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/treatment-care/who-caregivers-skills-training-for-families-of-children-with-developmental-delays-and-disorders" }, { "source_id": "who_unicef_global_report_developmental_disabilities", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240080232" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "lancet_psy_gbd_autism_2021", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(24)00363-8/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "cause_autism_ndd_research", "url": "docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mental_health_research", "url": "docs/cause-mental-health-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_epilepsy_research", "url": "docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no behavioural-therapy/ABA/CST session protocols; no cure-autism framing \u2014 lifelong neurodevelopmental support & rights/access themes only.", "disambiguation_note": "MH pack (`cause_mental_health_lmic`) owns HLI charity WELLBY paths (StrongMinds/Friendship Bench live; Shamiri/ACTRA expansion drafts). Depression pack owns mhGAP depression/CMD systems. Epilepsy owns ASM / mhGAP epilepsy-module. Do not create cause_autism / cause_developmental_disability / cause_cst duplicates. Never invent WELLBY\u2194DALY mixes; ADR 0007 stays Proposed. Never claim cure.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_dementia", "name": "Dementia / Alzheimer disease / cognitive ageing", "slug": "dementia-alzheimer-cognitive-ageing", "description": "LMIC dementia caregiving support, diagnosis/recognition access, and thin Global action plan / systems themes (cognitive ageing context). Research pack only \u2014 no live dementia interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated dementia / Alzheimer / caregiver Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO: there is no cure for dementia \u2014 no disease-modifying CE or cure claims. WHO dementia fact sheet (2021: 57M living; >60% in LMICs; ~10M new/year; 7th leading cause of death; 2019 US$1.3T with ~50% informal care / ~5 h/day) + iSupport + Global action plan (\u21922031) + Global Dementia Observatory primary for program shape; IHME/GBD Alzheimer's disease and other dementias bibliography-only. Cross-link depression treatment-gap (no mhGAP depression duplicate) + stroke (no acute-care duplicate; vascular cognitive adjacency) + osteoporosis/falls (Decade/ICOPE ageing adjacency) + pain/palliative (no morphine duplicate) + MH wellbeing (no IPT/FB duplicate). See docs/cause-dementia-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no DALY/US$\u2194lives/WELLBY mix; no older-adult\u2194under-5 mix.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "dementia", "Alzheimer disease", "Alzheimer's disease", "cognitive ageing", "cognitive aging", "cognitive decline", "caregiver support dementia", "iSupport", "Global Dementia Observatory", "vascular dementia", "ADOD" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best dementia charity GiveWell", "Alzheimer caregiver support LMIC donate", "dementia diagnosis access cost-effectiveness", "WHO iSupport Better World", "cognitive ageing philanthropy", "dementia treatment gap LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_dementia_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia" }, { "source_id": "who_isupport", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/treatment-care/isupport" }, { "source_id": "who_global_action_plan_dementia", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/global-action-plan-on-the-public-health-response-to-dementia-2017---2025" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pain_palliative_research", "url": "docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no cholinesterase-inhibitor / memantine / antipsychotic dosing; no diagnostic algorithms or biomarker protocols as how-to; no cure claims.", "disambiguation_note": "Depression treatment-gap owns mhGAP depression/CMD drafts. Stroke owns acute care/thrombolysis/rehab. Osteoporosis/falls owns Decade/ICOPE falls linkage. Pain owns morphine/palliative. MH owns IPT/FB WELLBY. This cause owns LMIC caregiver support, diagnosis access, and thin dementia systems/action-plan themes \u2014 never invent disease-modifying CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_safe_water", "name": "Safe water", "slug": "safe-water", "description": "Safe drinking water quality (chlorination dispensers / in-line) and related WASH. Live: int_chlorination + Evidence Action Safe Water/ILC grant lineage (Phase 1 $/life null). Wave BQ research pack maps 2025\u20132026 multi-country ILC pilots, DSW monitoring revision, vouchers/filters/spring protection, and thin sanitation/hygiene as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; no invented CE). See docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md Cross-link Wave CG diarrhea/ORS/cholera pack (treatment + thin OCV/CHoBI7) \u2014 do not duplicate chlorination here; see docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md. Cross-link Wave ER schistosomiasis (`cause_schistosomiasis`) \u2014 freshwater snail / water-contact WASH themes; **chlorination \u2260 schisto snail control**; see docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GG schisto morbidity WASH\u2013snail systems (`cause_schisto_morbidity`) \u2014 chlorination \u2260 schisto snail/WASH; no CE import; see docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md. Cross-link Wave GV cholera / OCV systems (`cause_cholera`) \u2014 cholera WASH notes cross-link only; broader WASH / chlorination stay here; **no dual CE** with OCV campaign/ICG drafts. See docs/cause-cholera-research.md. Cross-link Wave GW typhoid / TCV systems (`cause_typhoid`) \u2014 typhoid WASH notes cross-link only; broader WASH / chlorination stay here; **no dual CE** with TCV drafts. See docs/cause-typhoid-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Dispensers for Safe Water", "ILC", "WASH", "chlorination", "clean water", "hygiene", "in-line chlorination", "safe water", "sanitation", "water quality" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best clean water charity", "Dispensers for Safe Water", "Evidence Action Safe Water", "GiveWell chlorination", "in-line chlorination donate", "chlorine dispensers cost-effectiveness", "safe water charity LMIC", "GiveWell water quality interventions", "sanitation latrine charity", "WASH effective altruism", "diarrhea water chlorination cross-link", "ORS vs chlorination GiveWell" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_water_quality_interventions", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/water-quality-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_safe_water_pilots_2025", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2025/10/29/safe-water-projects-saving-lives-and-improving-our-grantmaking/" }, { "source_id": "gw_dsw_podcast_2026", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/03/05/podcast-episode-25-following-the-data-on-dispensers-for-safe-water/" }, { "source_id": "ea_home", "url": "https://www.evidenceaction.org/" }, { "source_id": "cause_water_sanitation_research", "url": "docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diarrhea_research", "url": "docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schisto_morbidity_research", "url": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_deworming", "name": "Deworming", "slug": "deworming", "description": "MDA for soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis (and thin related NTD context). Live: int_deworming + Evidence Action Deworm the World / Unlimit Health (formerly SCI) / Sightsavers (Phase 1 $/life null; former GiveWell Top Charity lineage \u2014 not current Top Charities after Aug 2022 criteria). Wave BW research pack maps exit/surveillance, remaining high-burden MDA, WHO 2022 schisto targeting, community STH, END Fund bibliography, and thin elimination/other-NTD stubs as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; no invented CE; CE controversy flagged). See docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md. Cross-link Wave CO vision/trachoma/blindness pack for SAFE/MDA/trichiasis + cataract bibliography (do not duplicate Sightsavers ingest; live Sightsavers remains deworming-tagged). See docs/cause-vision-research.md. Cross-link Wave CS skin-NTD pack (scabies ivermectin MDA / yaws / leprosy) \u2014 do not duplicate Sightsavers ingest; scabies STH co-benefits cited on GW scabies page stay cross-link only. See docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md. Cross-link Wave DH snakebite envenoming (not MDA/PC) \u2014 see docs/cause-snakebite-research.md; do not expand Sightsavers to snakebite. Cross-link Wave EE anaemia pack for helminth\u2013anaemia co-driver notes only \u2014 do **not** duplicate MDA CE; see docs/cause-anemia-research.md. Cross-link Wave ER schistosomiasis pack (`cause_schistosomiasis` future; schisto-specific PZQ/snail/water-contact drafts) \u2014 complementary; do **not** duplicate END Fund / STH / combination CE here under schisto; see docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave EV lymphatic filariasis / onchocerciasis pack (`cause_lf_onchocerciasis` future; LF MDA / MMDP / oncho ivermectin MDA drafts) \u2014 complementary; keep thin `int_ntd_other_mda_lf_oncho_trachoma`; do **not** duplicate END Fund / STH / combination CE; see docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` \u2014 not a PC/MDA helminth programme; Sightsavers stays deworming-only) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave FZ LF MMDP systems (`cause_lf_mmdp` \u2014 hydrocele/lymphoedema access; Sightsavers stays deworming-only) \u2014 see docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md. Cross-link Wave GG schisto morbidity/FGS/FSAC (`cause_schisto_morbidity`) \u2014 Sightsavers stays deworming-only; no FGS expand; see docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "income", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Deworm the World", "MDA", "NTD", "SCI Foundation", "STH", "Unlimit Health", "deworming", "mass drug administration", "neglected tropical diseases", "schistosomiasis", "soil-transmitted helminths", "skin NTDs", "scabies ivermectin MDA" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best deworming charity", "Deworm the World Evidence Action", "Unlimit Health SCI deworming", "Sightsavers deworming GiveWell", "GiveWell deworming cost-effectiveness", "former GiveWell top charity deworming", "schistosomiasis MDA donate", "soil-transmitted helminths charity", "END Fund deworming", "deworming income effects Miguel Kremer", "trachoma vision Sightsavers overlap", "scabies MDA GiveWell skin NTD", "skin neglected tropical disease Better World", "snakebite antivenom vs deworming NTD" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_combination_deworming", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/deworming" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charity_criteria_2022", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2022/08/17/changes-to-top-charity-criteria/" }, { "source_id": "gw_dtw_grant_may_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/Evidence-Actions-Deworm-the-World-Initiative-2027-Funding-for-Nigeria-Kenya-Pakistan-April-2025" }, { "source_id": "ea_deworm_the_world", "url": "https://www.evidenceaction.org/programs/deworm-the-world" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_snakebite_research", "url": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schisto_morbidity_research", "url": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_schistosomiasis", "name": "Schistosomiasis (bilharzia)", "slug": "schistosomiasis", "description": "Schistosomiasis (bilharzia) as a WHO neglected tropical disease: schisto-specific praziquantel preventive chemotherapy / MDA (WHO 2022 targeting), snail control / freshwater habitat management, and water-contact WASH + behaviour change. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_deworming (combination STH\u00b1schisto MDA + DtW/Unlimit/Sightsavers; Phase 1 $/life null; former_top). GiveWell: dated schisto MDA page + combination deworming report are cite-only \u2014 never invent CE (historic DCP2 $/DALY cells quarantined). Do not duplicate END Fund / STH MDA / combination high-burden CE (Wave BW ownership). WHO fact sheet (~253.7M requiring PC in 2024; ~39.6% global coverage) + 2022 guideline primary for programme shape; IHME GBD Results / GHDx bibliography-only. Cross-link water (chlorination \u2260 snail/WASH), skin-NTD (not skin framework), anaemia (helminth co-driver notes only). No medical dosing. See docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave EV LF/onchocerciasis (`cause_lf_onchocerciasis`) \u2014 sibling PC NTD; do **not** duplicate LF/oncho MDA drafts here; see docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` \u2014 sibling NTD; not PC helminth) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave GG schisto morbidity/FGS/FSAC (`cause_schisto_morbidity`) \u2014 complementary systems deepening; MDA/PC + snail/WASH draft ownership stays here; do **not** invent dual CE; see docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "income" ], "aliases": [ "schistosomiasis", "bilharzia", "schisto", "praziquantel MDA", "snail fever", "Schistosoma", "WHO schisto guideline 2022", "water-contact NTD" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best schistosomiasis charity GiveWell", "praziquantel MDA cost-effectiveness", "schisto snail control donate", "WHO schistosomiasis 2022 guideline Better World", "bilharzia deworming vs schisto-only", "schisto WASH water contact" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_schistosomiasis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schistosomiasis" }, { "source_id": "who_schisto_guideline_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240041608" }, { "source_id": "gw_schistosomiasis_mda_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/schistosomiasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_combination_deworming", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/deworming" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_water_sanitation_research", "url": "docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schisto_morbidity_research", "url": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis", "name": "Lymphatic filariasis / onchocerciasis (river blindness)", "slug": "lf-onchocerciasis", "description": "Lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis (river blindness) as WHO neglected tropical diseases: LF preventive chemotherapy / MDA (GPELF), LF morbidity management & disability prevention (MMDP), and onchocerciasis ivermectin MDA / community-directed treatment. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_deworming (combination STH\u00b1schisto MDA + DtW/Unlimit/Sightsavers; Phase 1 $/life null; former_top) and to future cause_schistosomiasis / cause_skin_ntd / cause_vision. GiveWell: dated LF MDA + river-blindness MDA pages are cite-only \u2014 never invent CE (historic DCP2 $/DALY cells quarantined; no thorough GW CEA; no LF/oncho Top Charity). Do not duplicate END Fund / STH MDA / combination high-burden CE (Wave BW ownership) or schisto PZQ drafts (Wave ER) or trachoma SAFE (Wave CO). WHO LF fact sheet (~657M needing PC in 39 countries; MMDP package) + oncho fact sheet (~252.3M needing PC 2024; \u226580% coverage) + NTD road map primary for programme shape; IHME GBD Results bibliography-only. Cross-link skin-NTD (WHO skin framework mentions LF/oncho morbidity \u2014 MDA/MMDP ownership stays here) + vision (trachoma \u2260 oncho). No medical dosing. See docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` \u2014 sibling NTD; not LF/oncho MDA) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave FZ LF MMDP systems (`cause_lf_mmdp` future; complementary hydrocele surgery access / lymphoedema care / facility-readiness deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home thin `int_lf_morbidity_management` or invent dual CE) \u2014 see docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md. Cross-link Wave GB oncho systems (`cause_onchocerciasis` \u2014 CDTI/Mectizan delivery, ocular morbidity, Simulium vector deepening; MDA/elimination ownership stays here \u2014 no dual CE) \u2014 see docs/cause-onchocerciasis-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "lymphatic filariasis", "LF", "elephantiasis", "onchocerciasis", "river blindness", "oncho", "GPELF", "MMDP", "ivermectin MDA", "CDTI", "Mectizan", "filariasis" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best lymphatic filariasis charity GiveWell", "onchocerciasis river blindness MDA cost-effectiveness", "LF morbidity management donate", "GPELF WHO Better World", "ivermectin MDA oncho vs deworming", "Carter Center LF END Fund" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_lf_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "who_oncho_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/onchocerciasis" }, { "source_id": "who_lf_mmdp", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/lymphatic-filariasis/morbidity-management-and-disability-prevention" }, { "source_id": "gw_lf_mda_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_oncho_river_blindness_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/river-blindness" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_mmdp_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-onchocerciasis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_onchocerciasis" ], "disambiguation_note": "Wave GB / cause_onchocerciasis deepens CDTI/Mectizan delivery, ocular morbidity, and Simulium vector systems \u2014 complementary; MDA/elimination + thin int_oncho_ivermectin_mda ownership stays here; no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_lead_pollution", "name": "Lead & toxic pollution", "slug": "lead-pollution", "description": "Lead exposure reduction in LMICs (cosmetics, spices, paint, cookware, surveillance). Phase 1 live: Pure Earth Ghana cosmetics path via HLI Promising (`org_pure_earth`, `int_lead_reduction`). Expansion candidates (LEEP paint, spices, RMS, etc.) documented in docs/cause-lead-education-research.md \u2014 no new org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Cross-link Wave CQ hypertension/CVD pack (lead\u2192hypertension / Pure Earth vs sodium-burden cells stay bibliography-only; do not duplicate org_pure_earth) \u2014 docs/cause-hypertension-research.md. Cross-link Wave FV `cause_poisoning` (acute pesticide/paraffin/household/poison-centres) \u2014 LEEP paint/soil + Pure Earth stay this pack; do **not** invent dual CE or re-home lead pathways under acute poisoning; see docs/cause-poisoning-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "wellbeing_wellbys", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "lead", "lead poisoning", "toxic pollution", "blood lead levels", "lead paint", "lead in spices" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best lead poisoning charity", "Pure Earth Ghana cosmetics lead", "HLI lead exposure wellbeing", "lead poisoning WELLBY charity", "GiveWell Pure Earth lead grant", "LEEP lead paint elimination", "lead in spices Bangladesh India", "Lead Exposure Action Fund", "reduce childhood blood lead levels donate" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "hli_pe_summary", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/pure-earth-summary/" }, { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "gw_pure_earth_incubation_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/incubation-grants/Pure-Earth-lead-exposure-July-2021" }, { "source_id": "fp_leep", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/research/lead-exposure-elimination-project-leep" }, { "source_id": "leep_home", "url": "https://leadelimination.org/" }, { "source_id": "coefficient_leaf", "url": "https://coefficientgiving.org/research/announcing-the-lead-exposure-action-fund/" } ], "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_poisoning" ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_cash_transfers", "name": "Unconditional cash transfers", "slug": "cash-transfers", "description": "Direct unconditional cash transfers to people in extreme poverty; common CE benchmark (HLI WELLBYs; GiveWell consumption units). Live: org_givedirectly + int_cash. Wave BL research pack maps GiveWell cash CE update + 2025\u20132026 program-variation pilots as expansion-only (drafts not for ranking; no invented CE).", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "income", "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "UCT", "cash", "cash transfers", "income transfers", "poverty relief cash", "unconditional cash" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "GiveDirectly", "unconditional cash transfers", "cash for poverty relief", "GiveWell cash cost-effectiveness", "income charity LMIC", "cash transfer benchmark", "GiveDirectly pilots GiveWell" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "hli_charities", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/charities/" }, { "source_id": "gw_gd_cash_poverty_relief", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/givedirectly-cash-for-poverty-relief-program" }, { "source_id": "gw_gd_pilots_nov2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/GiveDirectly-Pilots-of-Cash-Transfer-Program-Variations-November-2025" }, { "source_id": "gd_home", "url": "https://www.givedirectly.org/" }, { "source_id": "cause_poverty_cash_research", "url": "docs/cause-poverty-cash-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": true }, { "id": "cause_tuberculosis", "name": "Tuberculosis (TB)", "slug": "tuberculosis", "description": "Active case finding, tuberculosis preventive therapy (IPT/TPT; isoniazid and short-course regimens such as 3HP), and related TB control. Research pack only \u2014 no live TB org or intervention in corpus. GiveWell anchors: community-based household contact management (Sep 2024) + mass screen-and-treat (Mar 2024); CHAI/Spiro grants bibliography; TB CEA cells bibliography-only (never invent CE). Do not confuse with live int_group_ipt (mental-health group IPT). See docs/cause-tuberculosis-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "TB", "tuberculosis", "active case finding", "ACF", "isoniazid preventive therapy", "IPT", "TPT", "3HP", "household contact management", "HCM" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best tuberculosis charity", "GiveWell TB household contact management", "active case finding tuberculosis donate", "isoniazid preventive therapy charity", "TPT 3HP GiveWell", "CHAI tuberculosis GiveWell grant", "mass screen and treat TB" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_tb_hcm", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/tuberculosis-household-contact-management" }, { "source_id": "gw_tb_mass_screen_treat", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/mass-screen-and-treatment-programs-tuberculosis" }, { "source_id": "gw_chai_tb_hcm_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/clinton-health-access-initiative-tuberculosis-household-contact-management-june-2024" }, { "source_id": "gw_spiro_tb_hcm_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/Spiro-Tuberculosis-Household-Contact-Management-in-Pakistan-February-2025" }, { "source_id": "cause_tuberculosis_research", "url": "docs/cause-tuberculosis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-tuberculosis-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_group_ipt is mental-health group interpersonal psychotherapy \u2014 not TB isoniazid IPT.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hiv", "name": "HIV / AIDS", "slug": "hiv-aids", "description": "HIV prevention and treatment (oral PrEP, voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC), antiretroviral therapy / treatment support). Research pack only \u2014 no live HIV org or intervention in corpus. GiveWell anchors: oral PrEP, VMMC, and ART interim reports (historically below ~10\u00d7 cash bar on 2021-updated cells); 2025\u201326 aid-cut reassessment / lenacapavir bibliography; **HIV CEA cells bibliography-only** (never invent CE). Sensitive-topic: no medical advice. See docs/cause-hiv-research.md. Cross-link Wave DG syphilis pack for dual HIV/syphilis ANC RDTs \u2014 do not duplicate PrEP/ART/VMMC; see docs/cause-syphilis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GG schisto morbidity/FGS (`cause_schisto_morbidity`) \u2014 FGS\u2013HIV integration is platform cross-link only; no dual CE; see docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md. Cross-link Wave GI `cause_hepatitis_c` (HCV DAA screening/scale-up/price systems) \u2014 co-infection notes only; do **not** duplicate PrEP/ART/VMMC or invent dual HCV\u2013HIV CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md. Cross-link Wave HN `cause_hepatitis_b` (HepB-BD / blood-safety systems) \u2014 co-infection notes only; do **not** duplicate PrEP/ART/VMMC or invent dual HepB\u2013HIV CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "HIV", "AIDS", "HIV/AIDS", "PrEP", "pre-exposure prophylaxis", "VMMC", "voluntary medical male circumcision", "ART", "antiretroviral therapy", "HIV treatment" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best HIV charity", "GiveWell PrEP HIV", "VMMC circumcision HIV donate", "antiretroviral therapy charity GiveWell", "HIV treatment support cost-effectiveness", "PEPFAR funding cuts GiveWell HIV", "lenacapavir PrEP GiveWell" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_oral_prep_hiv", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/oral-prep-for-hiv" }, { "source_id": "gw_vmmc", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/voluntary-medical-male-circumcision" }, { "source_id": "gw_art_hiv", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/antiretroviral-therapy-to-treat-hiv-aids" }, { "source_id": "gw_blog_hiv_funding_cuts_podcast_2025", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2025/06/05/podcast-episode-5-exploring-hiv-aids-funding-cuts-and-emerging-needs/" }, { "source_id": "cause_hiv_research", "url": "docs/cause-hiv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schisto_morbidity_research", "url": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hiv-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator citations only; no medical advice; no clinical how-to.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_hepatitis_c", "cause_hepatitis_b" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_animal_welfare", "name": "Animal welfare", "slug": "animal-welfare", "description": "Farmed, aquatic, and wild animal welfare \u2014 research pack ready; no org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Primary public evaluator: ACE. Cross-link Wave GN `cause_rabies` (human rabies burden / One Health dog-MDV elimination) \u2014 companion/stray dog **welfare** stays this ACE lane; rabies pack does **not** ingest ACE orgs and must not mix SADs with lives_saved; see docs/cause-rabies-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "animal_welfare" ], "aliases": [ "animal welfare", "farmed animals", "ACE" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best animal charity", "farmed animal welfare", "ACE recommended charities", "Animal Charity Evaluators", "shrimp welfare charity", "cage-free corporate campaign", "wild animal welfare science", "ACE Recommended Charity Fund", "EA Animal Welfare Fund", "effective animal advocacy donate" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "ace_recommended", "url": "https://animalcharityevaluators.org/recommended-charities/" }, { "source_id": "ace_criteria_2025", "url": "https://animalcharityevaluators.org/charity-reviews/evaluating-charities/evaluation-criteria/" }, { "source_id": "ea_awf", "url": "https://funds.effectivealtruism.org/funds/animal-welfare" }, { "source_id": "cause_rabies_research", "url": "docs/cause-rabies-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_climate", "name": "Climate change", "slug": "climate", "description": "Climate mitigation via high-leverage systems change (policy advocacy, neglected clean-tech innovation, hard-to-abate sectors). Research pack only \u2014 no org ingest; do not invent $/tCO2e. Prefer evaluator funds (Giving Green Fund, Founders Pledge Climate Fund) until verified CE is approved.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "climate" ], "aliases": [ "climate", "carbon", "emissions", "climate change", "decarbonization", "Giving Green", "Founders Pledge climate" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best climate charity", "carbon offset evidence", "Giving Green top climate nonprofits", "Founders Pledge Climate Fund", "high-impact climate donation", "Clean Air Task Force", "climate philanthropy neglected technology", "Giving Green Fund", "$/tCO2e climate charity", "effective climate advocacy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gg_top_climate_nonprofits", "url": "https://www.givinggreen.earth/top-climate-nonprofits" }, { "source_id": "fp_climategiving_2025", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/news/climategiving2025" }, { "source_id": "gg_research_process", "url": "https://www.givinggreen.earth/research/giving-greens-research-process" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_air_quality", "name": "Household air pollution & clean cookstoves", "slug": "air-quality", "description": "Household air pollution (HAP) from solid-fuel cooking and clean cookstove / clean-fuel transitions. Research pack only \u2014 GiveWell interim report finds limited RCT health evidence and produced no CEA; ~6x cash footnote is quarantined illustrative language only. Distinguish from cause_climate (systems mitigation); CATF is climate-overlap, not HAP delivery. No org ingest until Ho Hum approval. See docs/cause-air-quality-research.md. Cross-link Wave CQ hypertension/CVD pack for HAP\u2192heart-disease/stroke burden context (do not duplicate cookstove drafts) \u2014 docs/cause-hypertension-research.md. Cross-link Wave DB pneumonia pack \u2014 HAP\u2192pneumonia burden stays air-quality (do not re-home cookstove drafts under pneumonia treatment). See docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md. Cross-link Wave DT burns pack (`cause_burns` future; safer cookstoves/lamps for **burn-injury** prevention) \u2014 do **not** duplicate HAP CE or re-home int_aq_* under burns; see docs/cause-burns-research.md. Cross-link Wave DX asthma/COPD pack (`cause_asthma_copd` future; inhaler access + PEN CRD \u2014 HAP risk-factor context only) \u2014 do **not** re-home int_aq_* under CRD; see docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "household air pollution", "HAP", "clean cookstoves", "improved cookstoves", "indoor air pollution", "clean cooking", "LPG cookstoves" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best clean cookstove charity", "household air pollution donate", "GiveWell cookstoves", "improved cookstoves cost-effectiveness", "LPG clean cooking LMIC", "indoor smoke pneumonia cookstoves", "Clean Cooking Alliance", "Berkeley Air Monitoring cookstoves" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_clean_cookstoves", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/clean-cookstoves" }, { "source_id": "gw_2023_recs_footnotes", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/sources/blog-post/giving-recommendations-2023" }, { "source_id": "who_hap_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health" }, { "source_id": "berkeley_air_home", "url": "https://berkeleyair.com/" }, { "source_id": "clean_cooking_alliance_home", "url": "https://cleancooking.org/" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-air-quality-research.md", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_climate", "cause_burns" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_us_policy", "name": "US policy & advocacy", "slug": "us-policy", "description": "US policy & advocacy \u2014 research pack ready; no org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Often qualitative / hits-based; impact model may return insufficient_data. Primary public anchors: Open Philanthropy / Coefficient Giving (Abundance & Growth, land use, historical US policy investigations) and Founders Pledge (evidence-based / evaluating policy).", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "policy" ], "aliases": [ "US policy", "advocacy", "governance", "land use reform", "YIMBY", "criminal justice reform", "abundance", "innovation policy" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "US policy charity", "evidence-based advocacy", "YIMBY housing policy donate", "land use reform philanthropy", "Open Philanthropy Abundance Growth Fund", "Founders Pledge evidence-based policy", "criminal justice reform charity effective", "innovation policy advocacy US", "hits-based policy philanthropy", "J-PAL Innovation in Government Initiative" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "op_abundance_growth", "url": "https://www.openphilanthropy.org/focus/innovation-policy" }, { "source_id": "op_land_use_reform", "url": "https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/land-use-reform/" }, { "source_id": "op_narrowing_us_policy", "url": "https://www.openphilanthropy.org/research/narrowing-down-u-s-policy-areas/" }, { "source_id": "fp_evidence_based_policy", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/research/evidence-based-policy-executive-summary" }, { "source_id": "fp_approach_to_charity", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/research/our-approach-to-charity" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_gcr", "name": "Global catastrophic & existential risk", "slug": "gcr-existential-risk", "description": "Global catastrophic and existential risk reduction (advanced AI, biosecurity/pandemic preparedness, nuclear risk, great-power catastrophic-risk diplomacy) \u2014 research pack only; no org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Evidence base differs from GiveWell; never invent CE. Prefer evaluator funds (Founders Pledge GCR Fund, GWWC Risks and Resilience Fund, Longview NWPF). Info-hazard aware: stay high-level. Outcome family currently 'other' pending schema enum for gcr. Wave CT research pack maps pandemic / biosecurity preparedness as future-only under cause_pandemic_preparedness (deep map; this cause keeps thin int_gcr_biosecurity_preparedness cross-link) \u2014 see docs/cause-pandemic-preparedness-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "other" ], "aliases": [ "GCR", "existential risk", "x-risk", "catastrophic risk", "AI safety philanthropy", "biosecurity philanthropy", "nuclear risk reduction", "longtermism giving", "Founders Pledge GCR", "Longview Philanthropy" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best charity existential risk", "donate global catastrophic risks", "Founders Pledge Global Catastrophic Risks Fund", "Longview Emerging Challenges Fund", "Longview Nuclear Weapons Policy Fund", "Giving What We Can Risks and Resilience Fund", "AI safety donation effective", "biosecurity pandemic preparedness donate", "nuclear risk reduction philanthropy", "Coefficient Giving biosecurity AI", "Open Philanthropy catastrophic risks", "80,000 Hours existential risk donate" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "fp_gcr_fund", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/funds/global-catastrophic-risks-fund" }, { "source_id": "fp_gcr_impact_2025", "url": "https://impact.founderspledge.com/2025/reducing-global-risks" }, { "source_id": "longview_ecf", "url": "https://www.longview.org/fund/emerging-challenges-fund/" }, { "source_id": "longview_nwpf", "url": "https://www.longview.org/fund/nuclear-weapons-policy-fund/" }, { "source_id": "gwwc_risks_resilience_plans", "url": "https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/blog/our-plans-for-the-risks-and-resilience-fund" }, { "source_id": "coeff_biosecurity", "url": "https://coefficientgiving.org/funds/biosecurity-pandemic-preparedness/" }, { "source_id": "coeff_navigating_tai", "url": "https://coefficientgiving.org/funds/navigating-transformative-ai/" }, { "source_id": "coeff_gcr_opportunities", "url": "https://coefficientgiving.org/funds/global-catastrophic-risks-opportunities/" }, { "source_id": "eighty_k_existential_risks", "url": "https://80000hours.org/articles/existential-risks/" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pandemic_preparedness", "name": "Pandemic / biosecurity preparedness", "slug": "pandemic-biosecurity-preparedness", "description": "Pathogen-agnostic pandemic preparedness and catastrophic biosecurity (respiratory protection / next-gen PPE policy, early detection capacity, transmission-blocking environmental controls as named themes, biosecurity governance & norms, fund vehicles). Research pack only \u2014 no live biosecurity orgs or interventions. Primary anchors: Coefficient Biosecurity & Pandemic Preparedness; Founders Pledge biosecurity strategy / GCBR guide / GCR Fund; GWWC Risks & Resilience; 80k framing (not CE). Evidence base differs from GiveWell; never invent CE. Info-hazard aware: high-level only; no dual-use how-to. Cross-link cause_gcr thin stub int_gcr_biosecurity_preparedness \u2014 do not duplicate. See docs/cause-pandemic-preparedness-research.md. Cross-link Wave IJ seasonal influenza vaccine / programme systems (`cause_influenza` future) \u2014 **seasonal influenza \u2260 GCR pandemic preparedness**; pandemic flu adjacency bibliography stays here; seasonal risk-group/campaign/surveillance\u2013match deepen under influenza with CE null \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-influenza-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_gcr", "outcome_families": [ "other" ], "aliases": [ "biosecurity", "pandemic preparedness", "GCBR", "global catastrophic biological risk", "pathogen-agnostic defenses", "Far-UVC philanthropy", "next-gen PPE", "DNA synthesis screening policy", "biorisk philanthropy" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best biosecurity charity donate", "pandemic preparedness effective altruism", "Coefficient Giving biosecurity fund", "Founders Pledge biosecurity strategy", "GCBR philanthropy guide", "Far-UVC pandemic preparedness donate research", "next-gen PPE policy advocacy", "GWWC Risks and Resilience biosecurity" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "coeff_biosecurity", "url": "https://coefficientgiving.org/funds/biosecurity-pandemic-preparedness/" }, { "source_id": "fp_biosecurity_nutshell", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/research/our-biosecurity-and-pandemic-prevention-strategy-in-a-nutshell" }, { "source_id": "fp_gcr_fund", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/funds/global-catastrophic-risks-fund" }, { "source_id": "gwwc_risks_resilience_plans", "url": "https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/blog/our-plans-for-the-risks-and-resilience-fund" }, { "source_id": "cause_pandemic_preparedness_research", "url": "docs/cause-pandemic-preparedness-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_gcr_research", "url": "docs/cause-gcr-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_influenza_research", "url": "docs/cause-influenza-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_education_lmic", "name": "Education (LMIC learning & access)", "slug": "education-lmic", "description": "LMIC education / learning interventions (TaRL, adaptive digital learning, scholarships). Research pack only \u2014 evidence for Top-Charity-style recommendations is sparse on GiveWell\u2019s public education report; Founders Pledge names programmes with income-based CE framing. No org ingest until Ho Hum approval. See docs/cause-lead-education-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": null, "outcome_families": [ "income" ], "aliases": [ "education", "learning", "TaRL", "Teaching at the Right Level", "school quality LMIC" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best education charity LMIC", "Teaching at the Right Level Africa donate", "Imagine Worldwide Malawi tablets", "Founders Pledge education recommendations", "GiveWell education interventions evidence", "cost-effective learning intervention developing countries" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_education_lmic", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/education" }, { "source_id": "fp_education_evidence", "url": "https://www.founderspledge.com/research/education-evidence-and-recommendations" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_family_planning", "name": "Family planning & reproductive health access", "slug": "family-planning", "description": "Voluntary modern contraception access in LMICs (mobile outreach, commodity supply, informed-choice mass media). Research pack only \u2014 no org ingest until Ho Hum approval. Primary public anchors: GiveWell valuing-contraception + mobile-outreach reports and 2025\u20132026 FP grants; FP/GWWC notes on Family Empowerment Media (GWWC not currently recommending FEM). Never invent CE; draft interventions stay not_for_ranking. Sensitive: no medical advice.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "wellbeing_wellbys", "income" ], "aliases": [ "family planning", "contraception access", "reproductive health", "FP", "modern contraception", "unmet need for contraception" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "family planning charity", "best contraception charity LMIC", "GiveWell family planning", "mobile outreach family planning donate", "MSI Reproductive Choices GiveWell", "UNFPA Supplies Partnership GiveWell", "Family Empowerment Media", "Access to Medicines Initiative contraception", "voluntary family planning effective altruism" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_valuing_contraception", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/how-we-work/our-criteria/cost-effectiveness/valuing-contraception" }, { "source_id": "gw_fp_mobile_outreach", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/family-planning-mobile-outreach" }, { "source_id": "gwwc_fem", "url": "https://www.givingwhatwecan.org/charities/family-empowerment-media" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_maternal_neonatal", "name": "Maternal & neonatal health", "slug": "maternal-neonatal", "description": "Maternal and neonatal survival and morbidity reduction (kangaroo care, antenatal syphilis screening, PLA-MNH, community/facility MNH packages, fistula repair bibliography, Safe Motherhood systems). Live corpus already has int_kangaroo_care (org_ansh) and int_syphilis_screen_treat (org_evidence_action_syphilis) under cause_global_health_life_saving. Wave CB research pack only \u2014 phase future; no org ingest; draft CE null. Maternal MMS stays in nutrition pack (int_nutrition_mms_pregnancy); FP commodities stay in family-planning pack. See docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md. Cross-link Wave CV road-safety pack for traffic injury / trauma care \u2014 do not re-home obstetric fistula or Safe Motherhood as road trauma; see docs/cause-road-safety-research.md. Cross-link Wave DG congenital syphilis pack (`cause_syphilis` future; dual HIV/syphilis RDT scale-up drafts) \u2014 do not duplicate live int_syphilis_screen_treat; see docs/cause-syphilis-research.md. Cross-link Wave DJ obstetric fistula pack (`cause_fistula` future; surgical repair access + timely C-section prevention drafts) \u2014 do not duplicate EmONC CE or re-home PLA-MNH/KMC; see docs/cause-fistula-research.md. Cross-link Wave DM `cause_rheumatic_heart` for pregnancy\u2013RHD burden (WHO) \u2014 do **not** duplicate RHD secondary-prophylaxis or valve-surgery drafts here; fistula stays Wave DJ. Cross-link Wave DN sickle cell disease pack for SCD pregnancy complication bibliography \u2014 do not re-home SCD newborn screening / hydroxyurea under maternal. See docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md. Cross-link Wave DS noma pack (`cause_noma` future; child malnutrition/infection overlap only) \u2014 do **not** re-home fistula/EmONC as noma prevention; see docs/cause-noma-research.md. Cross-link Wave EE anaemia pack for maternal anaemia pathway shape \u2014 MMS stays nutrition; do not re-home EmONC/PLA; see docs/cause-anemia-research.md. Cross-link Wave EH congenital heart disease pack (`cause_congenital_heart_disease` future; newborn CCHD screening / pediatric cardiac surgery drafts) \u2014 prenatal/newborn adjacency only; do not duplicate EmONC/KMC/syphilis/fistula. See docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave EK vitamin D / rickets (`cause_vitamin_d_rickets` future) \u2014 pregnancy vitamin D pathway notes only; do not duplicate EmONC/KMC/syphilis/fistula; MMS stays nutrition; see docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md. Cross-link Wave FG PPH care-systems pack (`cause_pph` future) \u2014 deepens obstetric hemorrhage referral / blood-bank / facility-readiness systems as CE-null drafts; **do not** duplicate oxytocin/misoprostol CE (facility MNH uterotonic component stays maternal-owned bibliography). See docs/cause-pph-research.md. Cross-link Wave FI neonatal sepsis / SBI care-systems pack (`cause_neonatal_sepsis` future) \u2014 deepens PSBI outpatient / facility SBI / CHX cord-care as CE-null drafts; **do not** duplicate EmONC CE (facility MNH infection-prevention component stays maternal-owned bibliography). See docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FJ preeclampsia/eclampsia care-systems pack (`docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md`, `cause_preeclampsia` future) \u2014 deepens HDP referral / MgSO\u2084 access / facility readiness as CE-null drafts; **EmONC + PE/E + MgSO\u2084 component ownership stays here** (facility MNH bibliography). Do **not** re-home EmONC CE. Cross-link Wave FK obstructed labor / EmONC referral systems pack (`cause_obstructed_labor` future) \u2014 deepens OL referral / C-section access / CEmONC readiness as CE-null drafts; **do not** duplicate EmONC CE (facility MNH labor-monitoring + EmONC component stays maternal-owned bibliography). See docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth / perinatal pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`, `cause_stillbirth` future) \u2014 deepens MPDSR / intrapartum stillbirth prevention / antepartum risk as CE-null drafts; **facility MNH / EmONC / package stillbirth-outcome ownership stays here**. Do **not** re-home EmONC CE. Cross-link Wave GD postpartum sepsis / maternal infection IPC pack (`cause_postpartum_sepsis` future) \u2014 deepens maternity IPC / maternal-sepsis recognition / postpartum infection referral as CE-null drafts; **do not** duplicate EmONC CE (facility MNH infection-prevention component stays maternal-owned bibliography). See docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md. Wave HG `cause_rubella` CRS programme-access adjacency only \u2014 **no** pregnancy clinical how-to; CRS \u2260 maternal EmONC CE. Cross-link Wave HR MNT elimination systems (docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-tetanus-research.md) \u2014 no dual EmONC CE. Cross-link Wave HT malaria SMC / related chemoprevention systems (`cause_malaria_smc`) \u2014 IPTp programme-access adjacency only; **EmONC / facility MNH stay here**; **IPTp \u2260 EmONC CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "MNH", "Safe Motherhood", "kangaroo care", "KMC", "obstetric fistula", "PLA-MNH", "maternal mortality", "neonatal mortality", "antenatal syphilis", "skilled birth attendance" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best maternal health charity", "neonatal mortality donate", "GiveWell kangaroo care Ansh", "obstetric fistula surgery GiveWell", "PLA-MNH women's groups", "Safe Motherhood effective altruism", "antenatal syphilis screening Evidence Action", "maternal neonatal health cost-effectiveness" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_kangaroo_mother_care", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/kangaroo-mother-care" }, { "source_id": "gw_ansh_kmc_grant_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/ansh-kangaroo-care-scaling-grant-rajasthan-india-december-2024" }, { "source_id": "gw_pla_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/PLA-MNH" }, { "source_id": "gw_fistula_surgery", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/surgery-to-repair-obstetric-fistula" }, { "source_id": "gw_maternal_mortality_2009", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_fistula_research", "url": "docs/cause-fistula-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sickle_cell_research", "url": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_iptp_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "disambiguation_note": "Wave HR cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus deepens MNTE Td-SIA / clean-delivery-cord / NT-surveillance systems \u2014 EmONC / facility MNH ownership stays here (clean delivery as package components only; no dual CE). Wave HT cause_malaria_smc \u2014 IPTp programme-access adjacency only; EmONC stays here; no dual CE. Wave HV `cause_malaria_iptp` \u2014 IPTp/MiP ANC delivery systems complementary; EmONC / facility MNH stay maternal \u2014 **no dual EmONC CE**; ANC platform adjacency only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_diarrhea", "name": "Diarrhea treatment / ORS & cholera", "slug": "diarrhea-ors-cholera", "description": "Oral rehydration solution (ORS) and therapeutic zinc for under-five diarrhea, plus thin oral cholera vaccine (OCV) and hospital-based cholera household programs (CHoBI7/PICHA7). Research pack only \u2014 no live standalone ORS intervention. GiveWell anchors: ORS/zinc intervention report (Aug 2023) + CHAI Bauchi / Clear Solutions Chad / NI ORSZ grants; ORS/zinc CEA cells bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link live int_chlorination (water pack) and org_new_incentives_ors (immunization NI-ORS) \u2014 do not duplicate. See docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md. Cross-link Wave DB pneumonia pack \u2014 iCCM diarrhea/ORS arms stay here; pneumonia CCM/amox treatment drafts stay pneumonia. See docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md. Cross-link Wave GV cholera / OCV systems pack (`cause_cholera` future) for deepened OCV preventive campaign / ICG stockpile / outbreak surveillance \u2014 ORS/zinc + thin `int_cholera_oral_vaccine` + CHoBI7 stay here; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-cholera-research.md. Cross-link Wave GW typhoid / TCV systems pack (`cause_typhoid` future) \u2014 TCV introduction / catch-up / outbreak-response \u2260 ORS/zinc or thin OCV; enteric adjacency only; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-typhoid-research.md. Cross-link Wave HC rotavirus / RVV systems pack (`cause_rotavirus` future) \u2014 RVV introduction / catch-up / cold-chain & surveillance \u2260 ORS/zinc or thin OCV; enteric vaccine adjacency only; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "ORS", "ORSZ", "oral rehydration", "zinc diarrhea", "diarrhea treatment", "cholera vaccine", "OCV", "CHoBI7", "PICHA7" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best ORS zinc charity", "GiveWell oral rehydration solution", "ORS zinc cost-effectiveness", "cholera vaccine donate GiveWell", "New Incentives ORS co-delivery", "CHAI Bauchi ORS zinc", "diarrhea treatment charity LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_ors_zinc", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/oral-rehydration-solution-zinc" }, { "source_id": "gw_chai_ors_zinc_bauchi_2023", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/clinton-health-access-initiative-oral-rehydration-solution-zinc-bauchi-nigeria-september-2023" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_orsz_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/new-incentives-oral-rehydration-solution-and-zinc-distribution-october-2024" }, { "source_id": "gw_jhu_chobi7_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/johns-hopkins-university-rct-of-hospital-based-cholera-intervention-march-2025" }, { "source_id": "cause_diarrhea_research", "url": "docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pneumonia", "name": "Childhood pneumonia / acute respiratory infection", "slug": "childhood-pneumonia-ari", "description": "Childhood pneumonia and acute lower respiratory infection treatment and systems (pulse oximetry, medical oxygen access, community case management of pneumonia, pediatric amoxicillin-DT access). Research pack only \u2014 no live pneumonia treatment interventions. GiveWell anchors: iCCM interim report; R4D Tanzania amox-DT grants + lookback; new-areas oxygen/pulse-ox investigation (PATH market viability). GiveWell iCCM + R4D amox CEA cells bibliography-only (never invent CE). PCV/Hib prevention stays immunization pack (live int_cci) \u2014 cross-link only. HAP cookstoves stay air-quality; diarrhea/ORS stay diarrhea pack. See docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md. Cross-link Wave DX asthma/COPD pack (`cause_asthma_copd` future; chronic inhaler access \u2260 acute amox-DT) \u2014 see docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md. Cross-link Wave FI neonatal sepsis pack (`cause_neonatal_sepsis` future) \u2014 young-infant PSBI/SBI pathway complementary depth; **do not** duplicate childhood amox-DT / iCCM / oxygen CE. See docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md. Cross-link Wave HD Hib conjugate systems (cause_hib) \u2014 Hib intro/catch-up programme deepening only; **case management / oxygen / CCM / amox stay here**; **Hib \u2260 PCV** (PCV vaccine CE stays immunization). See docs/cause-hib-research.md. Cross-link Wave HK PCV systems (`cause_pcv`) \u2014 PCV intro/catch-up programme deepening only; **case management / oxygen / CCM / amox stay here**; **PCV \u2260 care** (PCV vaccine CE stays immunization). See docs/cause-pcv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HP MenA / meningococcal systems (`cause_meningococcal`) \u2014 MenA campaigns \u2260 pneumonia case management; PCV/Hib vaccine CE notes stay immunization \u2014 cross-link only. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md. Cross-link Wave HT malaria SMC systems (`cause_malaria_smc`) \u2014 SMC campaigns \u2260 pneumonia case management; co-season childhood-illness adjacency only; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md. Cross-link Wave IJ seasonal influenza vaccine systems (`cause_influenza`) \u2014 **pneumonia care \u2260 flu vaccine**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-influenza-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "pneumonia", "ALRI", "LRI", "ARI", "pulse oximetry", "medical oxygen", "iCCM", "community case management pneumonia", "amoxicillin DT", "amox-DT", "hypoxaemia", "childhood pneumonia" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best childhood pneumonia charity", "GiveWell pulse oximetry oxygen", "GiveWell iCCM pneumonia", "amoxicillin DT childhood pneumonia GiveWell", "medical oxygen LMIC donate", "community case management pneumonia cost-effectiveness", "PCV Hib pneumonia prevention New Incentives" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_iccm_interim", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/Integrated-community-case-management" }, { "source_id": "gw_r4d_amox_lookback_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/lookbacks/childhood-pneumonia-treatment-2025" }, { "source_id": "gw_wider_net_new_areas_2026", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/07/13/casting-a-wider-net-for-cost-effective-programs/" }, { "source_id": "who_pneumonia_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/pneumonia/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_lri_2023", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-burden-lower-respiratory-infections-and-aetiologies-1990-2023" }, { "source_id": "cause_pneumonia_research", "url": "docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Wave HK cause_pcv \u2014 PCV \u2260 care; case management stays here. Wave HP cause_meningococcal \u2014 MenA \u2260 pneumonia care; cross-link only. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc \u2014 SMC \u2260 pneumonia care; cross-link only. Wave IJ cause_influenza \u2014 flu vaccine \u2260 pneumonia care; cross-link only. Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management \u2014 malaria CM \u2260 pneumonia care; iCCM malaria-arm cross-link only. Wave IO cause_pertussis \u2014 pertussis vaccine \u2260 pneumonia care; cross-link only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_asthma_copd", "name": "Asthma / COPD / chronic respiratory disease", "slug": "asthma-copd-crd", "description": "LMIC chronic respiratory disease (asthma and COPD): inhaled-medicine / inhaler access, WHO PEN primary-care CRD integration, and prevention/exposure themes that cross-link household air pollution and tobacco control. Research pack only \u2014 no live CRD interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated asthma/COPD / inhaler Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO asthma (~363M/2023; ~442k deaths) + COPD (~3.4M deaths/2023; ~90% under-70 deaths in LMICs; HAP major LMIC risk) fact sheets + CRD topic + PEN primary; IHME/GBD 2021 asthma/COPD burden bibliography-only. Cross-link air-quality (no HAP cookstove CE duplicate) + alcohol-tobacco (no MPOWER duplicate) + pneumonia (no acute amox-DT duplicate). No medical advice / inhaler dosing. See docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md. Cross-link Wave EL `cause_sleep_apnea` (OSA/SDB \u2260 chronic lower-airway CRD \u2014 no inhaler/PEN duplicate) \u2014 see docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "lives_saved" ], "aliases": [ "asthma", "COPD", "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "chronic respiratory disease", "CRD", "inhalers", "inhaled corticosteroids", "bronchodilators", "WHO PEN CRD", "GARD" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best asthma charity GiveWell", "COPD inhaler access cost-effectiveness LMIC", "WHO PEN asthma COPD donate", "chronic respiratory disease LMIC charity", "inhaler access Better World", "asthma COPD DALY burden IHME" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_asthma_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma" }, { "source_id": "who_copd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-%28copd%29" }, { "source_id": "who_crd_health_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/health-topics/chronic-respiratory-diseases" }, { "source_id": "who_pen_ncd_primary_care", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-package-of-essential-noncommunicable-(pen)-disease-interventions-for-primary-health-care" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "resp_research_gbd_copd_2021", "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12931-024-03051-2" }, { "source_id": "cause_asthma_copd_research", "url": "docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_air_quality_research", "url": "docs/cause-air-quality-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO citations only; no medical advice; no inhaler dosing, steroid/bronchodilator protocols, or emergency clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Air-quality pack owns HAP/clean-cookstove CE; alcohol-tobacco owns MPOWER/cessation drafts; pneumonia owns acute childhood ARI treatment. CRD owns inhaler access + PEN CRD primary care + exposure-linkage themes only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_vision", "name": "Vision / trachoma / blindness", "slug": "vision-trachoma-blindness", "description": "Trachoma control (WHO SAFE: surgery, azithromycin MDA, facial cleanliness, environmental improvements), cataract surgery / access outreach, and thin refractive-error bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live vision interventions. GiveWell anchors: SAFE report (dated), cataract surgery report (BOTE $/SVI-reversed cells bibliography-only; IDinsight project on hold). Live org_sightsavers is deworming-only (Wave BW) \u2014 do not duplicate or silently expand to eye health. See docs/cause-vision-research.md. Cross-link Wave CS skin-NTD pack for yaws azithromycin / Morges (trachoma eye endpoints stay here; yaws skin/eradication there). Do not expand Sightsavers to skin NTD. See docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md. Cross-link Wave EO glaucoma/DR pack (`cause_glaucoma_retinopathy`) for glaucoma + DR treatment-access beyond trachoma/cataract \u2014 do not move SAFE/cataract drafts there. See docs/cause-glaucoma-retinopathy-research.md. Cross-link Wave EV LF/onchocerciasis \u2014 oncho river-blindness MDA is distinct from trachoma SAFE; do **not** move oncho drafts here; see docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FU trachoma SAFE systems pack (`cause_trachoma`) for TT backlog / F&E WASH / MDA delivery deepening \u2014 ranking themes + thin int_vision_trachoma_* / cataract stubs stay here; do **not** invent dual CE. See docs/cause-trachoma-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "trachoma", "SAFE strategy", "azithromycin MDA", "trichiasis", "cataract surgery", "blindness", "visual impairment", "eye health", "NTD trachoma", "yaws azithromycin overlap", "skin NTD cross-link", "trachoma SAFE systems", "TT surgery backlog", "Wave FU trachoma" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best trachoma charity GiveWell", "cataract surgery cost-effectiveness GiveWell", "SAFE strategy trachoma donate", "Sightsavers cataract vs deworming", "azithromycin mass drug administration trachoma", "trichiasis surgery charity", "blindness prevention LMIC", "yaws vs trachoma azithromycin MDA", "skin NTD yaws GiveWell", "glaucoma diabetic retinopathy vs trachoma cataract", "trachoma SAFE systems Better World", "TT backlog vs vision pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_safe_trachoma", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/SAFE" }, { "source_id": "gw_cataract_surgery", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/cataract-surgery" }, { "source_id": "gw_idinsight_cataract_project", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/IDinsight/partnership-with-idinsight/cataract-surgery-project" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_trachoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-trachoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_trachoma" ], "disambiguation_note": "Wave FU cause_trachoma deepens SAFE systems (TT backlog / F&E / MDA delivery) without dual CE; ranking themes stay cause_vision.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_glaucoma_retinopathy", "name": "Glaucoma / diabetic retinopathy", "slug": "glaucoma-diabetic-retinopathy", "description": "LMIC vision loss beyond trachoma/cataract: glaucoma case-finding and treatment access, diabetic retinopathy sight-threatening treatment access, and thin IPEC chronic eye-care systems. Research pack only \u2014 no live glaucoma/DR interventions. WHO blindness/vision fact sheet (~2.2B impaired; glaucoma ~7.7M / DR ~3.9M among ~1B unaddressed) + World report on vision / IPEC primary for program shape; WHO productivity-loss (~US$411B) bibliography-only (never invent CE). GiveWell: no dedicated glaucoma/DR Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest null; cataract SAFE/eyeglasses stay vision pack. IHME/VLEG/GBD glaucoma & DR vision-loss YLDs bibliography-only. Cross-link vision (no SAFE/cataract duplicate) + diabetes (glycemic CE + int_dm_retinopathy_screening stay diabetes \u2014 this pack owns glaucoma + DR treatment-access eye themes). See docs/cause-glaucoma-retinopathy-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no YLD\u2194lives/WELLBY mix. No medical dosing/laser protocols.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "glaucoma", "diabetic retinopathy", "DR", "chronic eye disease", "IPEC glaucoma", "sight-threatening retinopathy", "IOP-lowering access", "vision loss beyond cataract trachoma" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best glaucoma charity GiveWell", "diabetic retinopathy screening cost-effectiveness LMIC", "WHO blindness glaucoma diabetic retinopathy donate", "glaucoma treatment access Better World", "IPEC chronic eye care LMIC", "DR laser access philanthropy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_blindness_vision_impairment_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blindness-and-visual-impairment" }, { "source_id": "who_world_report_on_vision_2019", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516570" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_glaucoma_retinopathy_research", "url": "docs/cause-glaucoma-retinopathy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-glaucoma-retinopathy-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no dosing, IOP targets, laser/anti-VEGF protocols, or surgical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Vision pack owns trachoma SAFE + cataract + eyeglasses. Diabetes owns glycemic CE and int_dm_retinopathy_screening. This pack owns glaucoma case-finding/treatment access + DR sight-threatening treatment access + thin IPEC systems. Do not expand org_sightsavers to eye health.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pain_palliative", "name": "Pain relief / palliative care", "slug": "pain-palliative", "description": "LMIC palliative care systems and medically indicated opioid (morphine) access, plus thinner musculoskeletal and chronic-pain psychotherapy pathways. Research pack only \u2014 no live pain/palliative orgs or interventions. Primary anchors: Happier Lives Institute pain explorations (Pallium BOTECs bibliography-only; analysis in progress \u2014 not Honourable Mention yet). GiveWell has no dedicated modern palliative intervention page (bibliography-only/N/A). Cross-link mental-health draft int_mh_palliative_care_access \u2014 do not duplicate. Not medical advice. See docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md. Cross-link Wave DO hearing-loss pack for sensory disability / rehab framing only \u2014 do not duplicate palliative/morphine drafts into hearing. See docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md. Cross-link Wave DQ epilepsy pack for neurological disability / comorbidity framing only \u2014 do not duplicate ASM or mhGAP drafts into pain; see docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md. Cross-link Wave DT burns pack for burn disability / rehab framing only \u2014 do not duplicate palliative/morphine drafts into burns. See docs/cause-burns-research.md. Cross-link Wave DV childhood-cancer pack for paediatric cancer pain / suffering framing only \u2014 do not duplicate morphine/palliative drafts into childhood cancer; see docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md. Wave EC depression/CMD treatment-gap pack may cross-link severe distress notes only \u2014 do **not** duplicate morphine drafts; see docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md. Cross-link Wave EQ `cause_dementia` (advanced dementia end-of-life adjacency) \u2014 do **not** move morphine/palliative drafts under dementia; see docs/cause-dementia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_wellbeing", "outcome_families": [ "wellbeing_wellbys" ], "aliases": [ "palliative care", "morphine access", "opioid access LMIC", "pain relief", "hospice LMIC", "end-of-life pain", "Pallium", "serious health-related suffering" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best palliative care charity LMIC", "morphine access charity donate", "HLI Pallium India", "pain relief WELLBY charity", "opioid access abyss palliative", "Hospice Africa Uganda donate research" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "hli_pain_exploration_3_2026", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/report/pain-cause-exploration-3-investigating-three-ways-to-reduce-the-global-pain-burden/" }, { "source_id": "hli_2025_giving_season_update", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/report/2025-giving-season-charities-update-tis-the-season-to-be-giving/" }, { "source_id": "hli_global_priority_pain_2020", "url": "https://www.happierlivesinstitute.org/report/global-priority-pain/" }, { "source_id": "cause_pain_palliative_research", "url": "docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_epilepsy_research", "url": "docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_childhood_cancer_research", "url": "docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hypertension", "name": "Hypertension / cardiovascular (salt & BP)", "slug": "hypertension-cardiovascular", "description": "Population dietary salt modification (potassium-enriched salt substitute + sodium reduction), community salt substitution, and thin antihypertensive medication / WHO HEARTS access bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live hypertension interventions. GiveWell anchors: dietary salt modification (Jul 2025) + community salt substitution (Feb 2021); nutrition research-strategy CVD hypothesis; public-health-regulation sodium vs lead comparison. GiveWell dietary-salt / community-salt CEA cells and Pure Earth/lead vs hypertension-meds comparison cells are bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link live Pure Earth (lead pack) + air-quality HAP CVD burden \u2014 do not duplicate. See docs/cause-hypertension-research.md. Cross-link Wave CY `cause_diabetes` (metabolic NCD) \u2014 do not move salt-sub drafts there; HAP\u2192CVD stays air-quality. Cross-link Wave DA `cause_alcohol_tobacco` (alcohol/tobacco best buys) \u2014 do not move salt-sub drafts there; ADR 0007 Proposed (no adult NCD \u2194 under-5 mix). Cross-link Wave DM `cause_rheumatic_heart` (post-streptococcal RHD/ARF) \u2014 do **not** move salt-sub / HTN-meds drafts there; RHD \u2260 atherosclerotic CVD. Cross-link Wave DY `cause_kidney_disease` (CKD/dialysis access) \u2014 do **not** move salt-sub drafts there; GW salt-page CKD hyperkalemia language stays hypertension bibliography. Cross-link Wave DZ `cause_stroke` (acute care / thrombolysis / rehab access) \u2014 do **not** move salt-sub or HTN-meds drafts there; stroke HTN-control pathway is programme cross-link only. Cross-link Wave ED `cause_osteoporosis_falls` (falls / fragility) \u2014 fall-risk **meds themes** bibliography only; do **not** move salt-sub / HTN-meds drafts there or invent fall CE from antihypertensive access. Cross-link Wave EL `cause_sleep_apnea` (OSA/SDB diagnostics & PAP access; NCD co-morbidity linkage) \u2014 do **not** move salt-sub / HTN-meds drafts there or invent OSA\u2192BP CE; see docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md. Cross-link Wave ET `cause_ischemic_heart_disease` (IHD/AMI/ACS \u2014 no salt-sub duplicate; ACS acute-care + secondary-prevention stay IHD); see docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave FJ preeclampsia pack (`docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md`) \u2014 pregnancy HDP care systems \u2260 adult salt-sub/HEARTS CVD; do **not** move salt-sub drafts under PE/E.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hypertension", "high blood pressure", "cardiovascular disease", "CVD", "salt substitute", "sodium reduction", "potassium-enriched salt", "SSaSS", "SMASH", "antihypertensive" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hypertension charity GiveWell", "salt substitute cost-effectiveness", "dietary salt modification GiveWell", "community salt substitution", "cardiovascular disease donate LMIC", "Resolve to Save Lives sodium", "antihypertensive medication GiveWell" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_dietary_salt_modification", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/dietary-salt-modification" }, { "source_id": "gw_community_salt_substitution", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/community-salt-substitution" }, { "source_id": "gw_nutrition_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/10/24/research-strategy-nutrition/" }, { "source_id": "gw_ph_regulation_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/public-health-regulation-update-August-2021" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_kidney_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_stroke", "name": "Stroke / cerebrovascular disease", "slug": "stroke", "description": "LMIC stroke prevention and acute care access: hypertension-control pathway themes for stroke prevention (HEARTS / BP programme shape \u2014 salt-sub drafts stay hypertension pack), acute stroke care & thrombolysis/reperfusion access (imaging, time-sensitive pathways, stroke units \u2014 no clinical how-to), and rehabilitation / secondary-prevention access. Research pack only \u2014 no live stroke interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated stroke / thrombolysis / acute-cerebrovascular Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. Adjacent GiveWell dietary salt / community salt substitution pages (SSaSS stroke outcomes) stay hypertension bibliography. WHO stroke fact sheet (2021: ~93.8M prevalent / 11.9M incident; HTN leading RF) + 2024 ACS\u2013stroke care framework + HEARTS primary for program shape. IHME/GBD stroke burden bibliography-only. Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + diabetes (no metabolic duplicate) + alcohol/tobacco (no MPOWER duplicate) + air-quality HAP. No medical advice / thrombolysis protocols. See docs/cause-stroke-research.md. Cross-link Wave EL `cause_sleep_apnea` (OSA as stroke risk-factor context only \u2014 no OSA draft duplicate / no invented OSA\u2192stroke CE); see docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md. Cross-link Wave EQ `cause_dementia` (vascular cognitive / post-stroke adjacency) \u2014 do **not** move acute stroke care / thrombolysis drafts there; see docs/cause-dementia-research.md. Cross-link Wave ET `cause_ischemic_heart_disease` (shared ACS\u2013stroke framework; coronary ACS/AMI drafts stay IHD \u2014 no thrombolysis draft move); see docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "stroke", "cerebrovascular disease", "cerebrovascular accident", "CVA", "ischaemic stroke", "ischemic stroke", "haemorrhagic stroke", "hemorrhagic stroke", "thrombolysis access", "tPA stroke", "stroke unit", "stroke rehabilitation" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best stroke charity GiveWell", "thrombolysis access LMIC cost-effectiveness", "stroke prevention hypertension HEARTS donate", "WHO stroke fact sheet DALYs", "acute stroke care LMIC", "stroke rehabilitation access philanthropy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_stroke_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/stroke" }, { "source_id": "who_acs_stroke_care_framework_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240103665" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hearts_initiative", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/15-09-2016-global-hearts-initiative" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_dietary_salt_modification", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/dietary-salt-modification" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_2021_stroke_library", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-stroke-and-its-risk-factors-1990-2021" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no thrombolysis dosing/windows, thrombectomy technique, BP titration, or secondary-prevention regimen how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Hypertension owns salt-sub / community salt / thin HTN-meds drafts. Diabetes owns metabolic drafts. Alcohol/tobacco owns MPOWER/best buys. Air-quality owns HAP cookstove CE. Do not create cause_cerebrovascular / cause_ischaemic_stroke / cause_thrombolysis duplicates.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_diabetes", "name": "Diabetes / metabolic NCD", "slug": "diabetes-metabolic-ncd", "description": "Type-2 diabetes prevention, metformin and insulin access in LMICs, diabetic foot care, and retinopathy screening bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live diabetes interventions. GiveWell: no deep diabetes Top Charity / intervention CEA found; nutrition research-strategy H2 (SSB/diet) is context only \u2014 salt-substitute drafts stay hypertension pack. WHO Global Diabetes Compact / HEARTS-D / fact sheet + IHME GBD diabetes burden are bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate), air-quality HAP\u2192CVD (stay air-quality), vision (cataract/trachoma separate). See docs/cause-diabetes-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no mid-age NCD\u2194under-5 lives mix in ranking. Cross-link Wave DA `cause_alcohol_tobacco` \u2014 no salt-sub duplicate; alcohol/tobacco best buys stay there. Cross-link Wave DY `cause_kidney_disease` (CKD/dialysis) \u2014 diabetes is a major CKD driver; do **not** move diabetes drafts under kidney. Cross-link Wave DZ `cause_stroke` (stroke risk-factor context) \u2014 do **not** move diabetes metabolic drafts there. Cross-link Wave EL `cause_sleep_apnea` (OSA\u2194metabolic co-morbidity linkage only) \u2014 do **not** move metformin/insulin/foot/retinopathy drafts there; see docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md. Cross-link Wave EO glaucoma/DR pack: diabetes keeps glycemic CE + int_dm_retinopathy_screening; glaucoma + DR treatment-access eye themes live under cause_glaucoma_retinopathy. See docs/cause-glaucoma-retinopathy-research.md. Cross-link Wave ET `cause_ischemic_heart_disease` (diabetes as IHD risk-factor context only \u2014 no metabolic draft duplicate); see docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "diabetes", "type 2 diabetes", "T2DM", "metabolic NCD", "metformin", "insulin access", "diabetic foot", "diabetic retinopathy", "glycaemic control", "SSB diabetes" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best diabetes charity GiveWell", "metformin access LMIC donate", "insulin access low income countries", "diabetic retinopathy screening charity", "diabetic foot care cost-effectiveness", "type 2 diabetes prevention GiveWell", "diabetic retinopathy treatment access vs glycemic" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_diabetes_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes" }, { "source_id": "who_global_diabetes_compact", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/the-who-global-diabetes-compact/" }, { "source_id": "who_hearts_d", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-ucn-ncd-20.1" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_diabetes_1990_2021", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-diabetes-1990-2021-projections" }, { "source_id": "gw_nutrition_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/10/24/research-strategy-nutrition/" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_kidney_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_kidney_disease", "name": "Chronic kidney disease / dialysis access", "slug": "kidney-disease-dialysis", "description": "LMIC chronic kidney disease (CKD) and kidney-failure access: primary-care early detection/case-finding (eGFR + albuminuria for people with hypertension/diabetes \u2014 program shape only), dialysis / kidney replacement therapy (KRT) access, and transplant preference + conservative kidney management when KRT is unavailable, unaffordable, or not desired. Research pack only \u2014 no live CKD/dialysis interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated CKD / dialysis / transplant Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. Adjacent GiveWell dietary-salt / community salt-substitution pages mention CKD hyperkalemia risk \u2014 that language stays hypertension-pack bibliography (do not invent kidney CE). WHO kidney fact sheet (~674M CKD; most in LMICs) + WHA78.6 kidney health resolution (May 2025) primary for program shape; IHME/Lancet GBD 2023 (~788M adults 20+; ~1.48M deaths) bibliography-only. Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + diabetes (no metabolic draft duplicate) + pain/palliative (conservative-care QoL only \u2014 no morphine duplicate). See docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no mid-age NCD\u2194under-5 lives mix in ranking.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "chronic kidney disease", "CKD", "kidney failure", "end-stage kidney disease", "ESKD", "ESRD", "dialysis", "haemodialysis", "hemodialysis", "peritoneal dialysis", "kidney transplant", "kidney replacement therapy", "KRT", "conservative kidney management", "albuminuria", "eGFR" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best CKD dialysis charity GiveWell", "chronic kidney disease LMIC donate", "dialysis access cost-effectiveness", "kidney transplant charity LMIC", "WHO kidney disease fact sheet Better World", "conservative kidney management philanthropy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_kidney_disease_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/kidney-disease" }, { "source_id": "who_wha78_6_kidney_health_resolution", "url": "https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA78/A78_R6-en.pdf" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "lancet_gbd_2023_ckd_adults", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)01853-7/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "cause_kidney_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-kidney-disease-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no eGFR/dialysis/transplant clinical how-to or dosing.", "disambiguation_note": "Salt-sub / dietary-salt CE stays cause_hypertension. Diabetes prevention/metformin/insulin/foot/retinopathy drafts stay cause_diabetes. Morphine / palliative systems stay cause_pain_palliative. Kidney owns early detection, dialysis/KRT access, and transplant + conservative-care stubs.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_skin_ntd", "name": "Skin NTDs (scabies / yaws / leprosy)", "slug": "skin-ntds", "description": "Neglected tropical skin diseases: scabies ivermectin MDA, yaws azithromycin/Morges eradication pathway, leprosy MDT + SDR-PEP bibliography, and thin integrated skin-NTD platforms (WHO). Research pack only \u2014 no live skin-NTD interventions. GiveWell anchor: oral ivermectin MDA for scabies (Sep 2021; CEA below funding bar; not prioritizing further work) \u2014 cells bibliography-only. Yaws/leprosy lack GiveWell priority-program CE pages. Live org_sightsavers is deworming-only (Wave BW) \u2014 do not duplicate. Cross-link Wave BW deworming/NTD + Wave CO vision/trachoma. See docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md. Cross-link Wave DH snakebite envenoming pack (antivenom / community first-response) \u2014 separate Category A NTD; do not fold snakebite under skin-NTD. See docs/cause-snakebite-research.md. Cross-link Wave DS noma pack (`cause_noma` future; WHO NTD listing Dec 2023; skin-NTD fieldwork platform note) \u2014 do **not** fold noma under skin-NTD or duplicate scabies/yaws/leprosy drafts; see docs/cause-noma-research.md. Cross-link Wave ER schistosomiasis (`cause_schistosomiasis`) \u2014 separate PC blood-fluke NTD (not skin-NTD framework); see docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave EV LF/onchocerciasis \u2014 WHO skin framework mentions LF skin morbidity / oncho; MDA/MMDP ownership stays under `cause_lf_onchocerciasis`; see docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` future; American trypanosomiasis \u2014 not skin-NTD primary ownership) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave FF Buruli ulcer (`cause_buruli_ulcer` future; complementary deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home scabies/yaws MDA or thin `int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma`) \u2014 see docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md. Cross-link Wave FO cutaneous leishmaniasis (`cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis` future; complementary CL-primary deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home scabies/yaws MDA or thin `int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma`) \u2014 see docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FR yaws (`cause_yaws` future; complementary yaws-primary case-finding / MDA-access / surveillance deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home thin `int_skin_ntd_yaws_azithromycin_morges` or invent dual CE) \u2014 see docs/cause-yaws-research.md. Cross-link Wave FP mycetoma (`cause_mycetoma` future; complementary mycetoma-primary deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home scabies/yaws MDA or thin `int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma`) \u2014 see docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md. Cross-link Wave FS scabies (`cause_scabies` future; complementary MDA-access / case-management / crusted-outbreak deepening \u2014 **do not** re-home thin `int_skin_ntd_scabies_ivermectin_mda` or invent dual CE from GiveWell scabies MDA CEA cells) \u2014 see docs/cause-scabies-research.md. Cross-link Wave FZ LF MMDP systems (`cause_lf_mmdp` \u2014 LF skin morbidity platform only; MMDP systems ownership Wave FZ complementary to Wave EV) \u2014 see docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "skin NTDs", "scabies", "ivermectin MDA scabies", "yaws", "Morges strategy", "leprosy", "Hansen disease", "SDR-PEP", "neglected tropical skin disease" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best scabies charity GiveWell", "ivermectin MDA scabies cost-effectiveness", "yaws eradication azithromycin donate", "leprosy MDT charity research", "skin neglected tropical disease GiveWell", "World Scabies Program bibliography", "snakebite envenoming Better World NTD cross-link" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_scabies_ivermectin_mda", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/oral-ivermectin-MDA-for-scabies" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "who_yaws_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yaws" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_snakebite_research", "url": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mycetoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_yaws", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis", "cause_leprosy", "cause_deworming", "cause_mycetoma" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_road_safety", "name": "Road safety / traffic injury", "slug": "road-safety", "description": "Road traffic injury prevention and post-crash care in LMICs: speed enforcement, speed bumps / traffic calming, motorcycle and child helmets, drink-driving enforcement, trauma / post-crash care access, and passenger speak-up sticker campaigns (Zusha!-class). Research pack only \u2014 no live road-safety interventions or orgs. GiveWell anchors: Zusha! standout review (discontinued) + incubation grant + 2017 blog; 2009 road-safety note (DCP speed/speed-bumps pointer); 2019 SE Asia AIP Helmets for Kids investigation (not selected). GiveWell Zusha! CEA cells (~\u00d7cash / $/death / $/vehicle) are bibliography-only (never invent CE). WHO / IHME burden and best-practice legislation are context only. Cross-link maternal/neonatal (no obstetric trauma duplicate) + lead + air-quality packs (stay separate). See docs/cause-road-safety-research.md. Cross-link Wave DT burns pack (`cause_burns` future) for thermal-injury care \u2014 do **not** re-home burn care as road trauma or invent shared trauma CE; see docs/cause-burns-research.md. Cross-link Wave ED `cause_osteoporosis_falls` (older-adult falls / fragility fractures) \u2014 do **not** move traffic trauma / Zusha! / post-crash drafts there; low-energy falls \u2260 road crash. Cross-link Wave EL `cause_sleep_apnea` (daytime sleepiness / drowsy-driving adjacency only \u2014 do **not** invent OSA\u2192MVC CE or move traffic drafts there); see docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md. Cross-link Wave FV `cause_poisoning` (toxic ED / poison-centre systems) \u2014 do **not** re-home poisoning as road trauma or invent shared CE; see docs/cause-poisoning-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "road safety", "traffic injury", "road traffic injuries", "RTI", "speed bumps", "helmets", "drink driving", "Zusha", "matatu stickers", "trauma care" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best road safety charity GiveWell", "Zusha cost-effectiveness", "speed bumps LMIC donate", "motorcycle helmets GiveWell", "drink driving enforcement cost-effectiveness", "road traffic injury DALY", "trauma care access LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_zusha_2018", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/zusha-road-safety-campaign-June-2018-version" }, { "source_id": "gw_road_safety_blog_2009", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2009/04/28/road-safety/" }, { "source_id": "who_road_traffic_injuries_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_road_injuries_2023", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-road-injuries-systematic-analysis" }, { "source_id": "cause_road_safety_research", "url": "docs/cause-road-safety-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_poisoning" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_drowning", "name": "Drowning / child water safety", "slug": "drowning", "description": "Child drowning prevention in LMICs: community daycare/creche supervision for pre-school children, basic swimming and water safety skills for school-age children, and barriers controlling access to water hazards (wells, doorway barriers/playpens, pool fencing). Research pack only \u2014 no live drowning interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated drowning Top Charity or deep CEA found for this pack (never invent CE). WHO Guideline strong recommendations for day-care (under 6) and swim/water-safety skills (6+); fact sheet burden (~300k deaths/year) and prevention actions; investment-case cost-saving modelling bibliography-only. IHME GBD Results for drowning burden context. Cross-link road-safety trauma (Wave CV) and safe-water/WASH diarrhoea packs \u2014 stay separate. See docs/cause-drowning-research.md. Cross-link Wave ED `cause_osteoporosis_falls` (older-adult falls) \u2014 stay separate from child drowning pathways.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "drowning", "child drowning", "water safety", "creche drowning", "daycare drowning", "swim skills", "SwimSafe", "pool fencing", "playpen drowning" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best drowning prevention charity GiveWell", "creche daycare drowning cost-effectiveness", "swim skills LMIC donate", "child drowning barriers WHO", "drowning DALY GiveWell" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_drowning_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/drowning" }, { "source_id": "who_drowning_guideline_daycare_swim_2021", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240030008" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_drowning", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs_hub", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "cause_drowning_research", "url": "docs/cause-drowning-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_cervical_hpv", "name": "Cervical cancer / HPV (screening & treatment)", "slug": "cervical-hpv", "description": "Cervical cancer prevention beyond immunization-pack HPV vaccination: VIA screen-and-treat, HPV DNA primary screening (screen-and-treat / screen-triage-and-treat), and treatment access (precancer + invasive pathway). Research pack only \u2014 no live cervical screening orgs/interventions. GiveWell public anchors are HPV vaccination (Oct 2020) + vaccines strategy (Sep 2024) \u2014 vaccine CE stays under immunization draft int_immunization_hpv (do not duplicate). WHO elimination 90\u201370\u201390 + screening guidance primary for screen-and-treat/treatment. Gavi HPV scale-up bibliography-only (no org_gavi). Never invent CE. See docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HL `cause_hpv` \u2014 HPV vaccine introduction / MAC catch-up / 90% vaccination-pillar systems deepen under HPV with CE null (**HPV vaccine \u2260 screening CE**); screening/treatment drafts stay here. Thin `int_immunization_hpv` stays immunization. See docs/cause-hpv-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "cervical cancer", "HPV screening", "VIA", "visual inspection with acetic acid", "HPV DNA test", "screen and treat", "cervical precancer", "cervical cancer treatment access" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best cervical cancer charity GiveWell", "VIA screen and treat cost-effectiveness", "HPV DNA screening LMIC donate", "cervical cancer treatment access WHO", "HPV vaccination cross-link immunization", "Gavi HPV bibliography" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_hpv_vaccination", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/HPV-vaccination" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "who_cervical_cancer_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cervical-cancer" }, { "source_id": "who_cervical_elimination_strategy_2020", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240014107" }, { "source_id": "who_hpv_dna_screening_2021", "url": "https://www.who.int/europe/news/item/11-09-2021-who-recommends-dna-testing-as-a-first-choice-screening-method-for-cervical-cancer-prevention" }, { "source_id": "gavi_hpv_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/human-papillomavirus" }, { "source_id": "cause_cervical_hpv_research", "url": "docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Wave HL cause_hpv owns CE-null HPV vaccine intro/MAC catch-up/vaccination-pillar systems \u2014 this pack keeps VIA/HPV-DNA/treatment; HPV vaccine \u2260 screening CE. Immunization keeps int_immunization_hpv.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco", "name": "Alcohol harm / tobacco control", "slug": "alcohol-tobacco", "description": "Alcohol and tobacco harm reduction via WHO NCD best buys: alcohol and tobacco taxation, advertising bans, smoke-free laws, alcohol availability restrictions, and brief interventions / cessation support bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live alcohol/tobacco interventions or orgs. GiveWell anchors: RESET Alcohol grant (Dec 2021) + Vital Strategies incubation + PH-regulation update (tobacco deprioritized as already well-funded). GiveWell RESET BOTEC / \u00d7cash-bar cells and WHO best-buys $/DALY labels are bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + diabetes + road-safety drink-drive + lead Pure Earth. See docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no adult mid-age NCD/alcohol-tobacco \u2194 under-5 lives mix in ranking. Cross-link Wave DX asthma/COPD pack (`cause_asthma_copd` future; tobacco-smoke exposure linkage only) \u2014 do **not** duplicate MPOWER / int_at_tobacco_* under CRD; see docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md. Cross-link Wave DZ `cause_stroke` (tobacco/alcohol stroke risk-factor context) \u2014 do **not** move MPOWER / cessation drafts there. Cross-link Wave EB `cause_cirrhosis` (alcohol\u2192liver disease co-driver linkage only) \u2014 do **not** duplicate SAFER / RESET / int_at_alcohol_* under cirrhosis; see docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "alcohol control", "alcohol harm", "tobacco control", "smoking", "MPOWER", "SAFER", "alcohol tax", "tobacco tax", "smoke-free", "RESET Alcohol", "brief intervention alcohol" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best alcohol policy charity GiveWell", "RESET Alcohol cost-effectiveness", "tobacco tax GiveWell", "smoke-free laws LMIC donate", "alcohol advertising ban cost-effectiveness", "WHO SAFER MPOWER best buys", "Vital Strategies alcohol bibliography" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_reset_alcohol_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/RESET-alcohol-December-2021" }, { "source_id": "gw_ph_regulation_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/public-health-regulation-update-August-2021" }, { "source_id": "who_alcohol_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol" }, { "source_id": "who_tobacco_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco" }, { "source_id": "who_safer_initiative", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/safer" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cirrhosis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis", "name": "Hepatitis B / C", "slug": "hepatitis-b-c", "description": "Hepatitis B birth-dose coverage, viral hepatitis testing & treatment access (including HCV direct-acting antivirals bibliography), and blood/injection safety. Research pack only \u2014 no live hepatitis org or intervention in corpus. GiveWell: no dedicated HepB/HepC deep CEA found; New Incentives pentavalent + indirect HepB birth dose cross-link immunization pack (do not duplicate vaccine CE). WHO HepB/HepC/blood-safety fact sheets + Global hepatitis report 2026 + Gavi HepB birth-dose programme are bibliography-only (never invent CE). HIV/HBV co-infection notes stay HIV pack. See docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md. Cross-link Wave EB `cause_cirrhosis` (cirrhosis/CLD care access + viral sequelae linkage) \u2014 do **not** move HepB-BD / DAA / blood-safety drafts there; see docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md. Complementary Wave GI `cause_hepatitis_c` deepens HCV screening + DAA scale-up / price systems \u2014 do **not** move HepB-BD / combined testing-treatment / blood-safety drafts there or invent dual CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md. Complementary Wave HN `cause_hepatitis_b` deepens HepB-BD introduction/coverage + PMTCT antiviral-prophylaxis + blood/injection-safety systems \u2014 do **not** move thin `int_hepatitis_*` drafts there or invent dual CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md. Complementary Wave IH `cause_hepatitis_a` deepens HepA vaccine systems (**\u2260 HepB-BD / blood-safety**) \u2014 see docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis", "hepatitis B", "hepatitis C", "HBV", "HCV", "HepB birth dose", "HepB-BD", "DAA", "direct-acting antivirals", "blood safety", "viral hepatitis" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis charity GiveWell", "hepatitis B birth dose donate", "HCV DAA treatment access charity", "hepatitis C cure cost-effectiveness", "blood safety transfusion hepatitis", "Gavi hepatitis B birth dose" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_b_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_c_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c" }, { "source_id": "who_blood_safety_availability", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability" }, { "source_id": "gavi_hepb_birth_dose_launch_2024", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/gavi-announces-launch-preventive-ebola-routine-multivalent-meningitis-human-rabies-hep-b-vaccination-programmes" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_sep_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives/september-2024-version" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cirrhosis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO citations only; no medical advice; no clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Vaccine CE for HepB birth dose / pentavalent stays immunization pack (int_cci). HIV co-infection notes stay cause_hiv. Wave GI cause_hepatitis_c = HCV screening/DAA scale-up/price systems deepening \u2014 complementary; no dual CE with int_hepatitis_*. Wave HN cause_hepatitis_b = HepB-BD / blood-safety systems deepening \u2014 complementary; no dual CE with int_hepatitis_*.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_hepatitis_c", "cause_hepatitis_b" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_cirrhosis", "name": "Cirrhosis / chronic liver disease", "description": "LMIC cirrhosis and chronic liver disease (CLD): care-access pathways for advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis and decompensation/HCC referral; viral hepatitis (HBV/HCV) sequelae linkage; alcohol co-driver themes. Research pack only \u2014 no live cirrhosis interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated cirrhosis/CLD Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. Adjacent GiveWell RESET Alcohol / alcohol-tax pages discuss cirrhosis mortality as a responsive endpoint \u2014 that language stays alcohol-tobacco bibliography (do not invent cirrhosis CE). No dedicated WHO cirrhosis fact sheet found \u2014 primary WHO anchors are HepB/HepC fact sheets + Global hepatitis report 2026 (cirrhosis/HCC death pathway) + alcohol fact sheet (liver diseases). IHME/GBD 2021 (~58.4M incident; ~1.43M deaths; ~46.4M DALYs) bibliography-only. Cross-link hepatitis (no HepB-BD / DAA / blood-safety duplicate) + alcohol-tobacco (no SAFER tax / RESET duplicate) + immunization (no live HepB vaccine CE duplicate). No medical advice / clinical protocols. See docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no mid-age NCD\u2194under-5 lives mix in ranking. Complementary Wave GI `cause_hepatitis_c` owns HCV screening + DAA scale-up / price systems deepening \u2014 do **not** re-home DAA drafts under cirrhosis or invent dual CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md. Complementary Wave HN `cause_hepatitis_b` deepens HepB-BD / blood-safety systems \u2014 do **not** re-home those drafts under cirrhosis or invent dual CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md.", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "cirrhosis", "chronic liver disease", "CLD", "liver cirrhosis", "hepatic cirrhosis", "hepatocellular carcinoma sequelae", "HCC sequelae", "alcohol-related liver disease", "viral hepatitis sequelae", "liver fibrosis advanced" ], "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_b_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_c_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hepatitis_report_2026", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240122383" }, { "source_id": "who_alcohol_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "plos_gbd_cirrhosis_2021", "url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0328493" }, { "source_id": "cause_cirrhosis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_alcohol_tobacco_research", "url": "docs/cause-alcohol-tobacco-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" } ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "slug": "cirrhosis", "disambiguation_note": "Wave GI cause_hepatitis_c = HCV DAA systems deepening \u2014 complementary to viral-sequelae linkage; no dual CE. Wave HN cause_hepatitis_b = HepB-BD / blood-safety systems deepening \u2014 complementary to viral-sequelae linkage; no dual CE.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_hepatitis_c", "cause_hepatitis_b" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_syphilis", "name": "Congenital syphilis / antenatal STI", "slug": "congenital-syphilis-sti", "description": "Congenital syphilis prevention via antenatal syphilis screening and treatment, including dual HIV/syphilis rapid diagnostic tests in ANC and WHO EMTCT / triple-elimination systems. Live corpus already has int_syphilis_screen_treat (org_evidence_action_syphilis) under cause_global_health_life_saving. Wave DG research pack only \u2014 phase future; no new org ingest; draft CE null. GiveWell syphilis \u00d7cash cells (Liberia lookback; Zambia\u2013Cameroon grant) bibliography-only. Cross-link maternal pack (Wave CB) and HIV pack (Wave CF) \u2014 do not duplicate PrEP/ART/VMMC. See docs/cause-syphilis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FI neonatal sepsis pack (`cause_neonatal_sepsis` future) \u2014 congenital syphilis pathway \u2260 postnatal bacterial sepsis / PSBI systems; no CE duplicate. See docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GD postpartum sepsis pack (`docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md`) \u2014 maternal postpartum bacterial sepsis \u2260 congenital syphilis/EMTCT; no CE duplicate.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "syphilis", "congenital syphilis", "antenatal syphilis", "maternal syphilis", "dual HIV/syphilis test", "HIV/syphilis dual RDT", "EMTCT syphilis", "STI antenatal" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best congenital syphilis charity", "GiveWell antenatal syphilis Evidence Action", "dual HIV syphilis rapid test donate", "syphilis screening pregnancy cost-effectiveness", "EMTCT syphilis WHO", "Syphilis-Free Start Evidence Action" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_syphilis_screen_treat_pregnancy", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/syphilis-screening-and-treatment-during-pregnancy" }, { "source_id": "gw_ea_syphilis_zambia_cameroon_2022", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/evidence-action-syphilis-july-2022" }, { "source_id": "gw_ea_dual_tests_liberia_lookback_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/lookbacks/HIV-syphilis-tests-2025" }, { "source_id": "who_syphilis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/syphilis" }, { "source_id": "cause_syphilis_research", "url": "docs/cause-syphilis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-syphilis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO citations only; no medical advice; no clinical how-to for penicillin or dual-test technique.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_syphilis_screen_treat stays GH life-saving until Ho Hum dual-tags. Dual HIV/syphilis RDTs are ANC co-delivery \u2014 HIV PrEP/ART/VMMC stay cause_hiv. Maternal PLA-MNH/fistula stay cause_maternal_neonatal.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_snakebite", "name": "Snakebite envenoming", "slug": "snakebite-envenoming", "description": "Snakebite envenoming as a WHO Category A neglected tropical disease: antivenom access (quality-assured supply near bite sites), community first-response (education, care-seeking, pre-hospital transport \u2014 no clinical how-to), and thin health-systems case-management bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live snakebite interventions. GiveWell: 2017 rough unpublished assessment that buying antivenom for clinics was below funding bar; Dec 2022 open-thread reply \u2014 not prioritizing further investigation \u2014 cells/language bibliography-only. WHO 2019 strategy (50% \u2193 deaths+disability by 2030) + fact sheet / antivenoms pages primary for program shape; IHME Nature Comm 2022 mortality/YLLs burden bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link Wave CS skin-NTD + Wave BW deworming/other-NTD \u2014 snakebite is not MDA/PC and not a skin-NTD framework disease. See docs/cause-snakebite-research.md. Cross-link Wave FV `cause_poisoning` poison-centre / toxicovigilance systems \u2014 snakebite owns antivenom + first-response; **no dual CE**; see docs/cause-poisoning-research.md. Cross-link Wave GN `cause_rabies` \u2014 rabies owns PEP access / RIG\u2013RmAb access systems and dog MDV; **antivenom stays this pack** (\u2260 rabies immunoglobulin / PEP); **no dual CE**; see docs/cause-rabies-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "snakebite", "snake bite", "snakebite envenoming", "envenoming", "antivenom", "anti-venom", "snake antivenom", "SBE", "neglected tropical disease snakebite" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best snakebite charity GiveWell", "antivenom access cost-effectiveness", "snakebite community first response donate", "WHO snakebite strategy 2030", "IHME snakebite mortality", "snakebite NTD Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_snakebite_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/snakebite-envenoming" }, { "source_id": "who_snakebite_strategy_2019", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241515641" }, { "source_id": "who_snakebite_antivenoms_issues", "url": "https://www.who.int/activities/improving-treatment-for-snakebite-patients/addressing-antivenoms-issues" }, { "source_id": "gw_open_thread_dec_2022_antivenom", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2022/12/12/december-2022-open-thread/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_snakebite_mortality_1990_2019", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-mortality-snakebite-envenoming-between-1990-and-2019" }, { "source_id": "cause_snakebite_research", "url": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rabies_research", "url": "docs/cause-rabies-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no clinical first-aid or antivenom dosing how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Not a skin-NTD (Wave CS) and not an MDA/PC NTD (Wave BW). Separate cause_snakebite ownership.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_poisoning" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_fistula", "name": "Obstetric fistula", "slug": "obstetric-fistula", "description": "Obstetric fistula surgical repair access and prevention via timely caesarean section / obstructed-labor obstetric care. Research pack only \u2014 no live fistula interventions or orgs. GiveWell Dec 2021: surgery to repair obstetric fistula estimated below the range of programs they would direct funding to (IDinsight ~$1,169/surgery sketch; ~86% closure / ~70% continence averages) \u2014 cells bibliography-only; never invent CE. WHO facts-in-pictures: preventable via delaying first pregnancy, ending harmful practices, and timely obstetric care (incl. EmONC systems framing). Cross-link Wave CB maternal pack (thin int_mn_fistula_repair; facility/Safe Motherhood EmONC drafts own EmONC systems \u2014 do not duplicate EmONC CE). See docs/cause-fistula-research.md. Cross-link Wave FG PPH (`cause_pph`) \u2014 hemorrhage care systems \u2260 fistula surgical repair; **no** EmONC/PPH CE duplicate. See docs/cause-pph-research.md. Cross-link Wave FJ preeclampsia pack (`docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md`) \u2014 PE/E/MgSO\u2084 systems \u2260 fistula surgical/obstructed-labor; no EmONC CE duplicate. Cross-link Wave FK obstructed labor / EmONC referral (`cause_obstructed_labor`) \u2014 deepens OL referral / C-section **access systems** (\u2260 fistula surgical repair CE); **no** EmONC CE duplicate; surgical repair + thin prevention stay Wave DJ. See docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`) \u2014 stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention complementary; no EmONC CE duplicate.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "obstetric fistula", "fistula", "VVF", "RVF", "vesicovaginal fistula", "rectovaginal fistula", "fistula surgery", "obstructed labor fistula" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best obstetric fistula charity GiveWell", "fistula surgery cost-effectiveness", "Fistula Foundation donate GiveWell", "prevent obstetric fistula C-section", "obstructed labor fistula WHO", "obstetric fistula below funding bar" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_fistula_surgery", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/surgery-to-repair-obstetric-fistula" }, { "source_id": "who_obstetric_fistula_10_facts", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/10-facts-on-obstetric-fistula" }, { "source_id": "who_obstetric_fistula_guiding_principles_2006", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9241593679" }, { "source_id": "cause_fistula_research", "url": "docs/cause-fistula-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-fistula-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO citations only; no medical advice; no graphic clinical how-to for fistula repair or obstetric procedures.", "disambiguation_note": "Maternal pack keeps thin int_mn_fistula_repair bibliography + EmONC/facility/Safe Motherhood drafts. Wave DJ deepens fistula-owned surgical access + prevention stubs \u2014 do not invent EmONC CE or create cause_safe_motherhood / cause_obstructed_labor duplicates.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hearing_loss", "name": "Hearing loss / ear & hearing care", "slug": "hearing-loss-ear-care", "description": "Childhood hearing loss and newborn/school screening, chronic otitis media sequelae, hearing-aids and assistive-technology access, and adult occupational hearing conservation (LMIC focus). Research pack only \u2014 no live hearing interventions. WHO World Report on Hearing (2021) + deafness/hearing-loss fact sheet primary for program shape (H.E.A.R.I.N.G. / IPC-EHC); WHO investment-case ROI language bibliography-only (never invent CE). GiveWell: no dedicated hearing-loss / hearing-aids Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 coverage-gap honesty. IHME/GBD hearing-loss YLDs burden bibliography-only. Cross-link immunization (PCV/Hib \u2014 meningitis & OM prevention CE stays live int_cci) + pain/palliative (disability framing only \u2014 no palliative draft duplicate). See docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md. Cross-link Wave DU meningitis pack for post-meningitis hearing sequelae notes only \u2014 screening/aids/CSOM drafts stay here; meningitis owns epidemic/care/sequelae-support stubs. See docs/cause-meningitis-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hearing loss", "deafness", "ear and hearing care", "EHC", "otitis media", "chronic otitis media", "CSOM", "hearing aids", "occupational noise hearing", "newborn hearing screening", "World Report on Hearing" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hearing loss charity GiveWell", "hearing aids LMIC cost-effectiveness", "WHO World Report on Hearing donate", "chronic otitis media hearing charity", "occupational hearing conservation LMIC", "childhood hearing screening Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_deafness_hearing_loss_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss" }, { "source_id": "who_world_report_on_hearing_2021", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240020481" }, { "source_id": "lancet_gbd_hearing_loss_2019", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00516-X/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "cause_hearing_loss_research", "url": "docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pain_palliative_research", "url": "docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no clinical screening, dosing, surgical, or hearing-aid fitting how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "PCV/Hib/meningitis vaccine CE stays cause_immunization (live int_cci). Pain/palliative morphine drafts stay cause_pain_palliative. Hearing owns screening, CSOM/OM sequelae, hearing-aids access, occupational conservation. Wave DU meningitis sequelae stub cross-links hearing only \u2014 do not move screening/aids into meningitis.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_epilepsy", "name": "Epilepsy / seizure disorders", "slug": "epilepsy-seizure-disorders", "description": "LMIC epilepsy treatment-gap closing: antiseizure medicine (ASM) / phenobarbital access, mhGAP primary-care integration for non-specialist diagnosis and treatment pathways, and thin stigma / care-seeking bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live epilepsy interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated epilepsy / phenobarbital Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO epilepsy fact sheet + Intersectoral Global Action Plan (IGAP) 2022\u20132031 + mhGAP-IG epilepsy module + technical brief primary for program shape; IHME/Lancet Public Health GBD 2021 burden bibliography-only. Cross-link mental-health (IPT/FB stay MH \u2014 no duplicate) + pain/palliative (no morphine draft duplicate). No medical advice / ASM dosing. See docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md. Wave EC `cause_depression_treatment_gap` owns depression/CMD mhGAP modules \u2014 keep epilepsy-module ownership here; see docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md. Wave EP `cause_autism_ndd` notes autism\u2013epilepsy co-occurrence \u2014 ASM / epilepsy-module ownership stays here; see docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "lives_saved" ], "aliases": [ "epilepsy", "seizure disorders", "seizures", "antiseizure medicine", "ASM", "phenobarbital", "antiepileptic", "AED", "mhGAP epilepsy", "epilepsy treatment gap", "IGAP epilepsy" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best epilepsy charity GiveWell", "phenobarbital access cost-effectiveness LMIC", "epilepsy treatment gap WHO donate", "mhGAP epilepsy primary care", "IGAP epilepsy neurological disorders", "epilepsy DALY burden IHME" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_epilepsy_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/epilepsy" }, { "source_id": "who_igap_2022_2031", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240076624" }, { "source_id": "who_mhgap_ig_2", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549790" }, { "source_id": "who_epilepsy_technical_brief", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240064072" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "lancet_ph_gbd_epilepsy_2021", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(24)00302-5/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "cause_epilepsy_research", "url": "docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mental_health_research", "url": "docs/cause-mental-health-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pain_palliative_research", "url": "docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_depression_treatment_gap_research", "url": "docs/cause-depression-treatment-gap-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_autism_ndd_research", "url": "docs/cause-autism-ndd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-epilepsy-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no ASM dosing, phenobarbital protocols, or clinical seizure-management how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Mental-health pack owns IPT / Friendship Bench. mhGAP is a shared WHO tool \u2014 epilepsy-module / treatment-gap ownership is cause_epilepsy. Pain/palliative owns morphine drafts. Do not create cause_seizure / cause_neurology / cause_mhgap duplicates.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_noma", "name": "Noma / severe oral-facial gangrene & oral health access", "slug": "noma-oral-facial-gangrene", "description": "Noma (cancrum oris / gangrenous stomatitis): early detection & acute-stage care access, nutrition/poverty co-factor framing, and high-level reconstructive surgery / sequelae rehabilitation for LMIC settings. WHO neglected tropical disease (listed Dec 2023). Research pack only \u2014 no live noma interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated noma CEA / Top Charity found \u2014 coverage-gap honesty (never invent CE). WHO fact sheet (1998 ~140k/~770k/~90% CFR sketches \u2014 methodologically limited; early treatment greatly reduces CFR) + oral-health co-mention primary for program shape; IHME/GBD: noma not computed in oral-conditions analysis \u2014 thin burden bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave BU nutrition (no VAS/CMAM CE duplicate); Wave CS skin-NTD (platform integration only \u2014 no scabies/yaws/leprosy duplicate); Wave CB/DJ maternal+fistula (no EmONC/fistula duplicate). See docs/cause-noma-research.md. Cross-link Wave EM oral health beyond noma (`cause_oral_health` future; caries/periodontal/fluoride) \u2014 complementary; do **not** duplicate noma drafts under oral-health or re-home caries/fluoride here; see docs/cause-oral-health-research.md. Cross-link Wave FF Buruli ulcer (`cause_buruli_ulcer`; skin-NTD platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate Buruli drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "noma", "cancrum oris", "gangrenous stomatitis", "oral-facial gangrene", "orofacial gangrene", "noma reconstructive surgery", "noma early detection", "severe gangrenous disease mouth face", "WHO noma NTD" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best noma charity GiveWell", "noma early detection cost-effectiveness", "cancrum oris reconstructive surgery donate", "WHO noma neglected tropical disease", "oral-facial gangrene malnutrition LMIC", "noma oral health access Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_noma_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/noma" }, { "source_id": "who_noma_ntd_listing_news_2023", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/15-12-2023-who-officially-recognizes-noma-as-a-neglected-tropical-disease" }, { "source_id": "who_oral_health_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "gbd_oral_conditions_2010_noma_not_computed", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4484374/" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_nutrition_research", "url": "docs/cause-nutrition-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_oral_health_research", "url": "docs/cause-oral-health-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-noma-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no graphic clinical, dosing, or surgical how-to for noma.", "disambiguation_note": "Not skin-NTD scabies/yaws/leprosy (Wave CS \u2014 platform cross-link only). Not obstetric fistula surgery (Wave DJ). Nutrition VAS/CMAM CE stays cause_nutrition (Wave BU). Oral-health access framed inside this noma pack \u2014 do not create cause_oral_health duplicate.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_oral_health", "name": "Oral health beyond noma (caries / periodontal / fluoride)", "slug": "oral-health-caries-periodontal", "description": "LMIC dental caries prevention & care access, periodontal (gum) disease programme shape, and primary oral health care / UHC benefit-package integration. Fluoride water/salt/toothpaste themes are bibliography-only (no dosing). Research pack only \u2014 no live oral-health interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated caries / periodontal / fluoride / oral-health CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 coverage-gap honesty (never invent CE). WHO oral-health fact sheet (~3.7B affected; untreated permanent caries most common per GBD 2021; >1B severe periodontal) + Global oral health status report + Global strategy and action plan 2023\u20132030 (GOHAP) primary for program shape; IHME/Lancet GBD 2021 oral conditions bibliography-only. Complementary to Wave DS noma pack (`cause_noma`) \u2014 do not duplicate noma drafts. Cross-link nutrition (salt iodization \u2260 salt fluoridation; no VAS/CMAM CE), water (chlorination \u2260 fluoridation), alcohol-tobacco (tobacco\u2192periodontal \u2014 no MPOWER duplicate), diabetes (reciprocal periodontal link \u2014 no metabolic draft duplicate). No medical/fluoride dosing. See docs/cause-oral-health-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "oral health", "dental caries", "tooth decay", "periodontal disease", "gum disease", "fluoride", "water fluoridation", "salt fluoridation", "fluoride toothpaste", "GOHAP", "oral health UHC", "primary oral health care" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best oral health charity GiveWell", "dental caries fluoride cost-effectiveness LMIC", "periodontal disease donate", "water fluoridation GiveWell", "WHO oral health UHC Better World", "salt fluoridation vs salt iodization" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_oral_health_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/oral-health" }, { "source_id": "who_global_oral_health_status_report", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240061484" }, { "source_id": "who_global_strategy_action_plan_oral_health_2023_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240090538" }, { "source_id": "lancet_gbd_oral_conditions_2021", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(24)02811-3/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "cause_oral_health_research", "url": "docs/cause-oral-health-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rheumatic_heart", "name": "Rheumatic heart disease / acute rheumatic fever", "slug": "rheumatic-heart-disease-arf", "description": "Post-streptococcal rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease: secondary antibiotic prophylaxis (BPG supply + adherence), GAS pharyngitis primary prevention, and thin valve surgery / repair-replacement access bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 no live RHD interventions. GiveWell: no dedicated RHD/ARF CEA found \u2014 coverage-gap honesty (never invent CE). WHO fact sheet (~55M affected; ~360k deaths/year \u2014 re-fetch) + 2024 prevention/diagnosis guideline + WHA71.14 primary for program shape; IHME/NEJM GBD 2015 burden (~319k deaths; ~33.4M cases; ~10.5M DALYs) bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave CQ hypertension (do not duplicate salt-sub / HTN meds \u2014 RHD \u2260 atherosclerotic CVD); Wave CB/DJ maternal+fistula (pregnancy\u2013RHD burden note only; no EmONC/fistula duplicate); Wave DG syphilis (shared BPG commodity \u2014 no CE transfer). See docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md. Cross-link Wave EH congenital heart disease (`cause_congenital_heart_disease`) \u2014 CHD is congenital; RHD is acquired; do NOT move RF prophylaxis drafts to CHD or import CHD surgery CE. See docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave ET `cause_ischemic_heart_disease` (atherosclerotic IHD/AMI \u2260 post-streptococcal RHD \u2014 no RF-prophylaxis move); see docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas cardiomyopathy sequelae (`cause_chagas` \u2014 **Chagas \u2260 RHD**; no dual cardiac CE) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave FT `cause_rheumatic_fever` (ARF primary-prevention deepen \u2014 school/community sore-throat systems / primordial living-housing / first-episode recognition-surveillance; **keep** secondary prophylaxis + thin `int_rhd_gas_pharyngitis_primary_prevention` + valve ownership here; **no dual CE**) \u2014 see docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "rheumatic heart disease", "RHD", "acute rheumatic fever", "ARF", "rheumatic fever", "RF/RHD", "GAS pharyngitis RF prevention", "secondary prophylaxis BPG", "benzathine penicillin RHD", "valve surgery rheumatic" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best rheumatic heart disease charity GiveWell", "RHD secondary prophylaxis cost-effectiveness", "benzathine penicillin rheumatic fever donate", "WHO rheumatic heart disease guideline 2024", "GAS pharyngitis rheumatic fever prevention", "RHD valve surgery LMIC access", "IHME rheumatic heart disease burden" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rhd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rheumatic-heart-disease" }, { "source_id": "who_rhd_guideline_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240100077" }, { "source_id": "who_wha71_14", "url": "https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA71/A71_R14-en.pdf" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_rhd_burden_1990_2015", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-rheumatic-heart-disease-1990-2015" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no penicillin dosing, allergy-testing, echo, or surgical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Not atherosclerotic / hypertensive CVD (Wave CQ salt-sub). Not obstetric fistula surgery (Wave DJ). Shared BPG with syphilis ANC is commodity cross-link only (Wave DG) \u2014 no CE transfer. Wave FT cause_rheumatic_fever deepens primary-prevention systems complementary \u2014 no dual CE vs secondary/thin GAS/valve stubs.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease", "name": "Congenital heart disease / pediatric cardiac", "slug": "congenital-heart-disease", "description": "LMIC congenital heart disease (CHD) and pediatric cardiac care: newborn / critical-CHD (CCHD) screening + referral; diagnostic echocardiography & specialist referral pathways; pediatric / congenital cardiac surgery & interventional access. Research pack only \u2014 no live CHD interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated CHD / pediatric-cardiac-surgery Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO congenital disorders (birth defects) fact sheet primary (no dedicated WHO CHD-only sheet \u2014 honest gap): heart defects among most common severe; ~240k neonatal + ~170k 1m\u20135y deaths from all congenital disorders; surgery can mitigate CHD lethality; newborn screening awareness. IHME/Lancet GBD 2017 CHD (~261k deaths; ~12M prevalent) bibliography-only. CRITICAL DISAMBIGUATION: CHD is congenital; rheumatic heart disease (Wave DM cause_rheumatic_heart) is acquired post-streptococcal \u2014 do NOT duplicate RHD RF prophylaxis / GAS / RHD valve drafts. Cross-link maternal (newborn adjacency; no EmONC duplicate) + childhood cancer (specialty inequity analogy only). No medical/surgical protocols. See docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave ET `cause_ischemic_heart_disease` (adult coronary IHD/AMI \u2260 congenital CHD \u2014 no CCHD/pediatric-surgery draft move); see docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave FT `cause_rheumatic_fever` (ARF primary prevention \u2014 **acquired post-strep \u2260 congenital CHD**; no RF primary-prevention draft move) \u2014 see docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md. Cross-link Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` (CCHD newborn screening \u2260 haemoglobinopathy NBS \u2014 adjacency only); see docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "congenital heart disease", "CHD", "CCHD", "critical congenital heart disease", "pediatric cardiac surgery", "paediatric cardiac surgery", "congenital heart anomalies", "newborn pulse oximetry CHD screening", "congenital cardiac defects", "pediatric interventional cardiology" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best congenital heart disease charity GiveWell", "pediatric cardiac surgery LMIC cost-effectiveness", "CCHD pulse oximetry screening donate", "congenital heart disease DALY burden IHME", "CHD vs rheumatic heart disease", "WHO birth defects heart defects surgery" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_congenital_disorders_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/birth-defects" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "lancet_gbd_chd_2017", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanchi/article/PIIS2352-4642(19)30402-X/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "ihme_chd_burden_1990_2017", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-congenital-heart-disease-1990-2017" }, { "source_id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_thalassemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no pulse-oximetry clinical protocols, echo interpretation how-to, or perioperative/surgical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "CHD is congenital structural heart disease. Rheumatic heart disease (cause_rheumatic_heart) is acquired after GAS/rheumatic fever \u2014 do NOT duplicate int_rhd_secondary_prophylaxis / GAS / RHD valve drafts. Maternal pack owns KMC/syphilis/fistula adjacency. Do not create cause_cchd / cause_pediatric_cardiac_surgery duplicates.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_sickle_cell", "name": "Sickle cell disease", "slug": "sickle-cell-disease", "description": "Sickle cell disease (SCD) in LMIC / Africa-heavy burden settings: newborn screening and linkage to care, penicillin prophylaxis (infection-prevention access), hydroxyurea disease-modifying therapy access, and high-level transfusion / malaria co-management. Research pack only \u2014 no live SCD interventions. GiveWell: **no** Top Charity or dedicated SCD CEA found (honest thin-evidence note); incidental sickle-cell trait / malaria-resistance mention on repetitive-saving page is interaction bibliography only. WHO fact sheet + childhood/adolescent SCD guideline + AFRO strategy/PEN-Plus primary for program shape; IHME/Lancet Haematology GBD 2021 prevalence and cause-specific vs total mortality burden bibliography-only (never invent CE). Cross-link Wave BY malaria (no ITN/SMC/PMC CE duplicate) + Wave CB maternal (pregnancy complications) + Wave BZ immunization (PCV/Hib stays immunization). See docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md. Cross-link Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` (TDT transfusion / chelation / Hb-NBS systems) \u2014 complementary; **do not** invent dual CE with SCD NBS or SCD transfusion\u2013malaria stubs; see docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "sickle cell", "sickle-cell disease", "SCD", "sickle cell anemia", "sickle-cell anaemia", "hemoglobinopathy", "hydroxyurea SCD", "newborn screening sickle cell" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best sickle cell charity GiveWell", "hydroxyurea access Africa cost-effectiveness", "sickle cell newborn screening donate", "WHO sickle cell disease fact sheet", "IHME GBD sickle cell mortality", "sickle cell malaria co-management Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_scd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sickle-cell-disease" }, { "source_id": "who_scd_children_adolescents_guideline", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240122666" }, { "source_id": "who_afro_scd_strategy_rc60", "url": "https://afro.who.int/sites/default/files/2017-06/afr_rc60_8.pdf" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_lancet_haematology_scd_gbd_2021", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanhae/article/PIIS2352-3026(23)00118-7/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "cause_sickle_cell_research", "url": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_thalassemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no penicillin/hydroxyurea dosing, transfusion protocols, or malaria chemoprophylaxis how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Not malaria (Wave BY owns ITN/SMC/PMC CE). Not immunization vaccine CE (Wave BZ owns PCV/Hib). Maternal pregnancy systems stay Wave CB. SCD-specific screening/prophylaxis/hydroxyurea/co-management ownership here. Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` owns TDT transfusion / chelation / haemoglobinopathy-NBS systems (\u2260 SCD-specific drafts here) \u2014 no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_burns", "name": "Burns / thermal injury", "slug": "burns-thermal-injury", "description": "LMIC burn prevention (safer cookstoves/lamps at high level), first-aid access themes (capacity/referral \u2014 no clinical how-to), and reconstructive / specialized burn-care access. Research pack only \u2014 no live burns interventions or orgs. WHO burns fact sheet (~180k deaths/year; safer cookstoves/fuels; strengthen burn care) + 2008 prevention/care plan primary. GiveWell: no dedicated burns CEA / Top Charity found; clean-cookstoves page is HAP-owned (air-quality pack) \u2014 cite adjacent only; never invent burn CE. IHME/GBD burns and fire-heat-hot-substances burden bibliography-only. Cross-link air-quality (no HAP CE duplicate) + road-safety trauma + pain/palliative. See docs/cause-burns-research.md. Cross-link Wave ED `cause_osteoporosis_falls` (falls / fragility) \u2014 injury adjacency only; do **not** move burn prevention/care drafts there. Cross-link Wave FV `cause_poisoning` \u2014 paraffin/kerosene **ingestion** childhood poisoning stays poisoning pack; flame/scald/explosion burns stay here; see docs/cause-poisoning-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "burns", "thermal injury", "scalds", "flame burns", "cookstove burns", "kerosene lamp burns", "burn prevention", "reconstructive burn care", "burn first aid access" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best burns charity GiveWell", "cookstove burn prevention donate", "burn reconstructive surgery LMIC cost-effectiveness", "WHO burns fact sheet charity", "safer lamps kerosene burns", "burn care access Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_burns_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/burns" }, { "source_id": "who_plan_burn_prevention_care_2008", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/a-who-plan-for-burn-prevention-and-care" }, { "source_id": "gw_clean_cookstoves_hap_adjacent", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/clean-cookstoves" }, { "source_id": "bmc_gbd_burns_2019", "url": "https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12889-022-13887-2" }, { "source_id": "cause_burns_research", "url": "docs/cause-burns-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_air_quality_research", "url": "docs/cause-air-quality-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_road_safety_research", "url": "docs/cause-road-safety-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-burns-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO citations only; no medical advice; no first-aid how-to protocols or clinical burn-care instructions.", "disambiguation_note": "Air-quality pack owns HAP/clean-cookstove CE; burns owns injury-prevention safer-stove/lamp framing only. Road-safety owns RTI trauma; pain pack owns morphine/palliative.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_poisoning" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls", "name": "Osteoporosis / falls / fragility fracture", "slug": "osteoporosis-falls-fragility", "description": "Older-adult falls prevention, osteoporosis / bone-health and fragility-fracture prevention, and LMIC ageing systems themes (WHO Decade of Healthy Ageing / ICOPE adjacency). Research pack only \u2014 no live falls/osteoporosis interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated falls / osteoporosis / fragility-fracture Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO falls fact sheet (~684k deaths/year; >80% in LMICs; adults >60 greatest fatal falls) + fragility-fractures fact sheet (2019: 178M new fractures; 25.8M YLDs; low-energy standing-height trauma) primary for program shape; ageing & health + Decade/ICOPE for LMIC ageing context; IHME/GBD falls/fractures bibliography-only. Cross-link road-safety (no traffic trauma / Zusha! duplicate) + burns (no burn draft duplicate) + drowning (stay separate) + hypertension (fall-risk meds themes bibliography only \u2014 no salt-sub / dosing duplicate). See docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no older-adult injury/NCD\u2194under-5 lives mix in ranking. Cross-link Wave EK vitamin D / nutritional rickets (`cause_vitamin_d_rickets`) \u2014 pediatric rickets stays EK; adult fragility stays here; see docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md. Cross-link Wave EQ `cause_dementia` (cognitive ageing / caregiver systems) \u2014 Decade/ICOPE falls ownership stays here; do **not** move fall-prevention drafts under dementia; see docs/cause-dementia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "osteoporosis", "falls", "fall prevention", "fragility fracture", "hip fracture", "bone health", "low bone mineral density", "older adult injury", "healthy ageing falls", "ICOPE falls", "Decade of Healthy Ageing" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best falls prevention charity GiveWell", "osteoporosis LMIC donate", "fragility fracture cost-effectiveness", "hip fracture prevention charity", "WHO falls fact sheet Better World", "older adult fall prevention philanthropy" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_falls_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/falls" }, { "source_id": "who_fragility_fractures_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/fragility-fractures" }, { "source_id": "who_ageing_and_health_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_road_safety_research", "url": "docs/cause-road-safety-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_burns_research", "url": "docs/cause-burns-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dementia_research", "url": "docs/cause-dementia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no bisphosphonate / vitamin D / psychotropic dosing or deprescribing how-to; no FRAX/DXA clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Road-safety owns traffic trauma / Zusha! / post-crash care. Burns owns thermal injury. Drowning owns child water safety. Hypertension owns salt-sub / HTN-meds; WHO falls medication side-effect language is bibliography only. This cause owns older-adult fall prevention, fragility-fracture/bone-health, and thin LMIC ageing-systems linkage.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_meningitis", "name": "Meningitis / meningococcal disease", "slug": "meningitis-meningococcal", "description": "African meningitis-belt epidemic surveillance and outbreak response, diagnosis/treatment care access (high-level \u2014 no clinical how-to), and post-meningitis disability/sequelae support (hearing-loss cross-link). Research pack only \u2014 no live meningitis interventions. WHO meningitis fact sheet + Defeating Meningitis by 2030 road map primary for program shape; MenAfriVac / Men5CV / PCV / Hib vaccine themes stay immunization/Gavi bibliography (never invent or duplicate vaccine CE). GiveWell: Meningitis A immunization page (Jan 2016) is RFMF-stop / incomplete investigation \u2014 no Top Charity / completed CEA; never invent CE from \u201csame range\u201d language. IHME/GBD meningitis burden bibliography-only. Cross-link immunization (PCV/Hib/MenA/Men5CV) + hearing-loss (sequelae notes only). See docs/cause-meningitis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FI neonatal sepsis pack (`cause_neonatal_sepsis` future) \u2014 neonatal bacterial meningitis may co-present within SBI; PSBI/SBI systems depth stays FI; vaccine CE stays immunization; sequelae stay meningitis. See docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GD postpartum sepsis pack (`docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md`) \u2014 maternal postpartum sepsis \u2260 meningitis belt/sequelae; cross-link only. Cross-link Wave GK Japanese encephalitis pack (`docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md`) \u2014 JE flavivirus vaccine systems \u2260 bacterial meningitis belt/sequelae; cross-link only. Cross-link Wave GQ yellow fever pack (`docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md`) \u2014 YF flavivirus PMVC/ICG \u2260 bacterial meningitis belt/sequelae; ICG adjacency only. Cross-link Wave GZ polio pack (`docs/cause-polio-research.md`) \u2014 poliovirus nOPV/cVDPV/GPLN \u2260 bacterial meningitis belt; outbreak-response adjacency only. Cross-link Wave HD Hib conjugate systems (cause_hib) \u2014 Hib meningitis **programme** adjacency only; **bacterial belt / MenA / Men5CV stay here**; Hib vaccine CE notes stay immunization \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-hib-research.md. Cross-link Wave HK PCV systems (`cause_pcv`) \u2014 bacterial belt / MenA \u2260 PCV pneumococcal programme; PCV meningitis programme adjacency only. See docs/cause-pcv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HP MenA / meningococcal conjugate systems (`cause_meningococcal`) \u2014 **MenAfriVac / Men5CV vaccine-systems deepening stays HP**; this pack keeps belt surveillance / care / sequelae \u2014 **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "meningitis", "meningococcal disease", "Neisseria meningitidis", "African meningitis belt", "MenAfriVac", "MenACV", "Men5CV", "Defeating Meningitis by 2030", "bacterial meningitis", "meningitis sequelae" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best meningitis charity GiveWell", "MenAfriVac cost-effectiveness donate", "African meningitis belt epidemic response", "Defeating Meningitis by 2030 charity", "meningitis sequelae hearing loss LMIC", "Men5CV Gavi Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_meningitis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/meningitis" }, { "source_id": "who_defeating_meningitis_by_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/defeating-meningitis-by-2030" }, { "source_id": "gw_meningitis_a_immunization", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/meningitis-a" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_2023_meningitis_library", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-meningitis-its-risk-factors-and" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hearing_loss_research", "url": "docs/cause-hearing-loss-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-meningitis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no clinical lumbar-puncture, antibiotic dosing, or chemoprophylaxis how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "PCV/Hib/MenA/Men5CV vaccine CE stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Hearing screening/aids/CSOM drafts stay cause_hearing_loss. Meningitis owns belt surveillance/outbreak response, care access, and sequelae/disability support. Measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN stay cause_measles (Wave GY) \u2014 bacterial belt \u2260 measles virus. Hib conjugate intro/catch-up/meningitis\u2013pneumonia programme systems stay cause_hib (Wave HD) \u2014 \u2260 MenA belt; Hib vaccine CE stays immunization. Wave HK cause_pcv \u2014 MenA belt \u2260 PCV pneumococcal programme; cross-link only. Wave HP cause_meningococcal owns CE-null MenA mass-campaign / Men5CV intro / routine\u2013catch-up systems \u2014 \u2260 belt surveillance/care/sequelae here; cross-link only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_childhood_cancer", "name": "Childhood cancer", "slug": "childhood-cancer", "description": "LMIC access to childhood-cancer diagnosis and treatment under WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer (GICC) / CureAll: early diagnosis & referral (centres/pathways), essential medicines & treatment access (EML generics; UHC benefit packages; abandonment-reduction themes), and CureAll national programme strengthening (standards, workforce, information systems). Research pack only \u2014 no live childhood-cancer interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated childhood-cancer / paediatric-oncology Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. WHO fact sheet (~400k new cases/year ages 0\u201319; >80% cure HIC vs <30% many LMICs; GICC \u226560% by 2030) + CureAll framework primary for program shape; WHO 'highly cost-effective' language quarantined. IHME/GBD childhood-cancer DALYs bibliography-only. Cross-link pain/palliative (no morphine draft duplicate); disambiguate cervical HPV / immunization HPV vaccine. No medical advice / chemo protocols. See docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md. Cross-link Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` (specialty inequity analogy only \u2014 transfusion/chelation ownership stays thalassemia pack); see docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "childhood cancer", "pediatric cancer", "paediatric oncology", "CureAll", "GICC", "Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer", "childhood leukaemia", "Wilms tumour", "retinoblastoma", "childhood cancer diagnosis access", "childhood cancer essential medicines" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best childhood cancer charity GiveWell", "CureAll WHO donate", "pediatric oncology LMIC cost-effectiveness", "childhood cancer essential medicines access", "GICC 60 percent survival", "childhood cancer DALY burden IHME" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_childhood_cancer_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer-in-children" }, { "source_id": "who_gicc_initiative", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/the-global-initiative-for-childhood-cancer" }, { "source_id": "who_cureall_framework", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240025271/" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "plos_gbd_childhood_cancer_2021", "url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0341303" }, { "source_id": "cause_childhood_cancer_research", "url": "docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pain_palliative_research", "url": "docs/cause-pain-palliative-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_thalassemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no chemotherapy dosing, regimen protocols, or clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Pain/palliative owns morphine drafts. Cervical HPV is adult screening/treatment + immunization HPV vaccine path \u2014 not childhood solid tumours/leukaemias. Do not create cause_pediatric_oncology / cause_cureall / cause_leukaemia duplicates.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_anemia", "name": "Anaemia / iron deficiency (multi-etiology)", "slug": "anemia", "description": "LMIC anaemia as a multi-etiology syndrome: iron deficiency vs malaria / helminth / inflammation / inherited blood-disorder co-drivers; etiology surveillance & diagnosis access; maternal anaemia pathway shape. Research pack only \u2014 no live anaemia-specific interventions beyond nutrition-owned iron fortification / VAS / CMAM and malaria/deworming co-driver programmes. GiveWell iron fortification / IFA / Africa anemia RFI / MMS pages are cite-only here \u2014 nutrition pack owns CE pathways (never invent BW CE). WHO anaemia fact sheet (Feb 2025): ~40% children 6\u201359m / ~37% pregnant / ~30% WRA; 50M disability years (2019); largest causes dietary iron deficiency, thalassaemia/sickle trait, malaria. Cross-link nutrition (no IFA/fortification/MMS/VAS duplicate) + maternal + malaria (no ITN/SMC duplicate) + deworming (no MDA duplicate) + sickle. No medical dosing. See docs/cause-anemia-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave EG iodine-deficiency pack \u2014 stay separate (no iodization\u2192anaemia CE transfer); see docs/cause-iodine-deficiency-research.md. Cross-link Wave EK vitamin D / rickets \u2014 stay separate; see docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md. Cross-link Wave ER schistosomiasis pack for schisto\u2013anaemia co-driver notes \u2014 **do not** duplicate PZQ MDA CE; see docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` (TDT transfusion / chelation / Hb-NBS) \u2014 inherited-RBC co-driver notes only; **do not** re-home thalassaemia systems or invent dual CE; see docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "anaemia", "anemia", "iron deficiency", "iron-deficiency anaemia", "IDA", "haemoglobin deficiency", "maternal anaemia", "childhood anaemia" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best anemia charity GiveWell", "iron deficiency anaemia LMIC cost-effectiveness", "GiveWell Africa anemia RFI", "WHO anaemia burden malaria helminth", "maternal anemia micronutrient pathway" ], "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_anaemia_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/anaemia" }, { "source_id": "who_accelerating_anaemia_reduction", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240074033" }, { "source_id": "gw_africa_anemia_rfi_2026", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/03/02/givewell-launches-rfis-for-targeted-vaccination-outreach-in-three-countries-and-anemia-control-programs-in-africa/" }, { "source_id": "gw_iron_fortification", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/iron-fortification" }, { "source_id": "cause_anemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-anemia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_nutrition_research", "url": "docs/cause-nutrition-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_thalassemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md" } ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "disambiguation_note": "Wave GE `cause_thalassemia` owns TDT transfusion / chelation / Hb-NBS systems \u2014 anaemia pack keeps multi-etiology co-driver stubs only; nutrition owns iron CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_iodine_deficiency", "name": "Iodine deficiency / USI / goiter", "slug": "iodine-deficiency", "description": "LMIC iodine deficiency disorders (IDD): universal salt iodization (USI) coverage & salt-iodine quality monitoring systems, urinary iodine / goiter surveillance, and residual severe-deficiency pocket supplementation programme shape (no dosing). Research pack only \u2014 no live iodine-specific interventions beyond nutrition-owned manufacturer salt-iodization draft and live org_iodine_global_network. GiveWell salt-iodization report (Dec 2014; CE update Mar 2021; dated-page warning) is cite-only \u2014 nutrition owns int_nutrition_salt_iodization; never invent BW CE from ~4 IQ or slightly-below ~10\u00d7 cash (2021) language. No GiveWell Top Charity for iodine. WHO salt-iodization guideline (strong recommendation) + IDD assessment/monitoring guide + systematic review; IHME/GBD iodine-deficiency burden bibliography-only. Cross-link nutrition (no VAS/IFA/MMS/iron/iodization-draft duplicate) + anaemia (stay separate) + hypertension (salt-CVD stays HTN; USI\u2194salt-reduction compatibility bibliography only). No medical dosing. See docs/cause-iodine-deficiency-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave EK vitamin D / rickets \u2014 stay separate; see docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "iodine deficiency", "IDD", "iodine deficiency disorders", "universal salt iodization", "USI", "salt iodization", "goiter", "goitre", "urinary iodine", "UIC", "iodized salt", "IGN" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best iodine deficiency charity GiveWell", "salt iodization cost-effectiveness", "USI goiter donate", "iodine Global Network GiveWell", "iodine deficiency DALY WHO" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_salt_iodization_guideline", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241507929" }, { "source_id": "who_idd_assessment_monitoring_guide", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241595827" }, { "source_id": "gw_salt_iodization", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/salt-iodization" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_iodine", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_iodine_deficiency_research", "url": "docs/cause-iodine-deficiency-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_nutrition_research", "url": "docs/cause-nutrition-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_anemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-anemia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_vitamin_d_rickets", "name": "Vitamin D deficiency / nutritional rickets", "slug": "vitamin-d-rickets", "description": "LMIC vitamin D deficiency and nutritional rickets with pediatric + maternal themes: population 25(OH)D / rickets-prevalence surveillance; edible oil/fat vitamin D fortification programme systems; infant & pregnancy supplementation programme-shape access (no dosing). Research pack only \u2014 no live VDD/rickets interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated vitamin D / rickets CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest thin-evidence / null; never invent CE. Cite Helen Keller VAS only for vitamin A \u2260 vitamin D disambiguation (nutrition owns int_vas). WHO 2025 edible oils/fats vitamins A and D fortification guideline + 2019 nutritional rickets literature review (explicitly not a guideline); eLENA infants further-research / CE-not-identified (URL 404 at pack build); IHME/GBD thin dedicated-row honesty bibliography-only. Cross-link nutrition (no VAS/IFA/MMS/iron/iodization duplicate) + anaemia (stay separate) + iodine (stay separate) + maternal (no EmONC duplicate; MMS stays nutrition) + osteoporosis/falls (adult fragility stays ED). No medical dosing. See docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "vitamin D deficiency", "VDD", "nutritional rickets", "rickets", "vitamin D", "cholecalciferol", "25-hydroxyvitamin D", "25OHD", "osteomalacia childhood", "oil fortification vitamin D", "maternal vitamin D", "infant vitamin D" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best vitamin D deficiency charity GiveWell", "rickets fortification cost-effectiveness", "vitamin D oil fortification WHO", "nutritional rickets donate LMIC", "vitamin D deficiency DALY WHO" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_oils_fats_vitamins_a_d_guideline_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240115101" }, { "source_id": "who_nutritional_rickets_review_2019", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516587" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_vitamin_d_rickets", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_vitamin_d_rickets_research", "url": "docs/cause-vitamin-d-rickets-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_nutrition_research", "url": "docs/cause-nutrition-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_osteoporosis_falls_research", "url": "docs/cause-osteoporosis-falls-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_sleep_apnea", "name": "Obstructive sleep apnea / sleep-disordered breathing", "slug": "sleep-apnea-sdb", "description": "Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) / sleep-disordered breathing (SDB): LMIC equity of diagnostics (PSG scarcity; portable/home sleep-study access), PAP/CPAP therapy access (devices/consumables/continuity \u2014 no device protocols), primary-care recognition/referral pathway themes, and thin NCD co-morbidity linkage (HTN/diabetes/CVD/stroke). Research pack only \u2014 no live OSA interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated OSA/CPAP Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE (especially no invented CPAP CE). WHO: ICD-11 Chapter 07 Sleep\u2013wake disorders classification + historical sleep/health technical material; no dedicated WHO OSA fact sheet (honest gap). Benjafield et al. 2019 Lancet Resp Med literature-based prevalence (~936M AHI\u22655 / ~425M AHI\u226515 ages 30\u201369) bibliography-only \u2014 not a GBD DALY series; no dedicated IHME GBD OSA fact sheet found. Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + diabetes (no metabolic duplicate) + asthma/COPD (no inhaler/PEN duplicate; OSA \u2260 CRD) + stroke + road-safety (drowsy-driving linkage only). No medical advice / CPAP pressure protocols. See docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed: no mid-age NCD/OSA \u2194 under-5 lives mix in ranking.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys", "lives_saved" ], "aliases": [ "obstructive sleep apnea", "obstructive sleep apnoea", "OSA", "OSAS", "sleep-disordered breathing", "SDB", "CPAP", "PAP therapy", "polysomnography", "home sleep apnea test", "sleep apnea LMIC" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best sleep apnea charity GiveWell", "CPAP access LMIC cost-effectiveness", "obstructive sleep apnea donate", "OSA diagnostics equity Better World", "sleep apnea hypertension comorbidity", "Benjafield OSA prevalence" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "who_icd11_mms_browser", "url": "https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en" }, { "source_id": "who_euro_sleep_health_technical_meeting", "url": "https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/107820" }, { "source_id": "benjafield_lancet_resp_2019", "url": "https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanres/article/PIIS2213-2600(19)30198-5/fulltext" }, { "source_id": "benjafield_pmc_7007763", "url": "https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7007763/" }, { "source_id": "who_hypertension_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension" }, { "source_id": "who_diabetes_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_sleep_apnea_research", "url": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_asthma_copd_research", "url": "docs/cause-asthma-copd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-sleep-apnea-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/burden citations only; no medical advice; no CPAP/BiPAP pressure settings, titration protocols, mask-fitting how-to, AHI clinical decision trees, oral-appliance prescriptions, or surgical indications.", "disambiguation_note": "OSA/SDB is sleep-related upper-airway collapse \u2014 distinct from asthma/COPD chronic lower-airway CRD (cause_asthma_copd owns inhalers/PEN). Hypertension owns salt-sub/HTN-meds; diabetes owns metabolic drafts; stroke owns acute/rehab; road-safety owns traffic injury (drowsy-driving linkage only). Do not create cause_osa / cause_cpap / cause_sdb duplicates. Never invent CPAP CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_ischemic_heart_disease", "name": "Ischemic heart disease / acute myocardial infarction", "slug": "ischemic-heart-disease", "description": "LMIC ischaemic heart disease (IHD / coronary heart disease) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) / acute coronary syndrome (ACS) care access: ACS/AMI acute-care systems access (community recognition, emergency referral, reperfusion pathway access \u2014 no PCI/dosing protocols), post-ACS secondary-prevention and cardiac-rehabilitation access, and thin HEARTS primary-prevention pathway shape (salt-sub drafts stay hypertension pack). Research pack only \u2014 no live IHD/AMI interventions or orgs. GiveWell: no dedicated IHD / AMI / ACS / secondary-prevention Top Charity or CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence; never invent CE. Adjacent GiveWell dietary salt / community salt substitution pages (CVD outcomes) stay hypertension bibliography. WHO heart-attack fact sheet (IHD ~9M deaths in 2021; ~13% of global deaths) + CVD fact sheet + 2024 ACS\u2013stroke care framework + HEARTS primary for program shape. IHME/GBD IHD burden bibliography-only. Cross-link hypertension (no salt-sub duplicate) + stroke (shared ACS\u2013stroke framework; no thrombolysis draft duplicate) + diabetes (no metabolic duplicate) + alcohol/tobacco (no MPOWER duplicate) + air-quality HAP. Disambiguate rheumatic heart (acquired post-strep \u2014 no RF-prophylaxis duplicate) and congenital heart (structural at birth \u2014 no CCHD duplicate). No medical advice / PCI protocols. See docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas cardiomyopathy sequelae (`cause_chagas` \u2014 **Chagas \u2260 IHD/AMI**; no dual cardiac CE) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. Cross-link Wave FT `cause_rheumatic_fever` (ARF primary prevention \u2014 **post-strep \u2260 atherosclerotic IHD/AMI**; no sore-throat draft move) \u2014 see docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "ischemic heart disease", "ischaemic heart disease", "IHD", "coronary heart disease", "CHD coronary", "coronary artery disease", "CAD", "acute myocardial infarction", "AMI", "heart attack", "acute coronary syndrome", "ACS", "STEMI", "NSTEMI", "secondary prevention CVD", "cardiac rehabilitation" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best heart attack charity GiveWell", "AMI ACS care access LMIC cost-effectiveness", "ischemic heart disease secondary prevention donate", "WHO heart attack fact sheet DALYs", "cardiac rehabilitation access LMIC philanthropy", "PCI reperfusion access LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_heart_attack_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/heart-attack" }, { "source_id": "who_cvd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)" }, { "source_id": "who_acs_stroke_care_framework_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240103665" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hearts_initiative", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/15-09-2016-global-hearts-initiative" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_dietary_salt_modification", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/dietary-salt-modification" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_cvd_1990_2021", "url": "https://ghdx.healthdata.org/record/ihme-data/cvd-1990-2021" }, { "source_id": "cause_ischemic_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hypertension_research", "url": "docs/cause-hypertension-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_stroke_research", "url": "docs/cause-stroke-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diabetes_research", "url": "docs/cause-diabetes-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-ischemic-heart-disease-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no PCI/angioplasty technique, thrombolytic dosing/windows, antiplatelet/statin/ACE/beta-blocker regimens, or individual clinical decisions.", "disambiguation_note": "Hypertension owns salt-sub / community salt / thin HTN-meds drafts. Stroke owns acute stroke thrombolysis / stroke-unit drafts (shared ACS\u2013stroke framework \u2014 cross-link only). Diabetes owns metabolic drafts. RHD is acquired post-streptococcal \u2014 not atherosclerotic IHD. CHD is congenital \u2014 not adult coronary disease. Do not create cause_ami / cause_acs / cause_coronary parallel stubs.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_copd_exacerbation", "name": "COPD exacerbation / chronic respiratory care pathway", "slug": "copd-exacerbation", "description": "COPD exacerbation and chronic respiratory care pathway access in LMICs: exacerbation recognition/referral systems, pulmonary rehabilitation access, and thin long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) access bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_asthma_copd (Wave DX inhaler/PEN ownership). GiveWell: no dedicated COPD-exacerbation / pulmonary-rehab / LTOT CEA found \u2014 honest thin-evidence. WHO COPD fact sheet + rehab Module 4; IHME/GBD bibliography. Cross-link pneumonia (no childhood oxygen duplicate) + air-quality (no HAP CE) + alcohol-tobacco (no MPOWER). No medical dosing. See docs/cause-copd-exacerbation-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "COPD exacerbation", "COPD flare-up", "pulmonary rehabilitation", "LTOT", "chronic respiratory care pathway" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "COPD exacerbation charity GiveWell", "pulmonary rehab LMIC donate", "COPD oxygen access Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_copd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-(copd)" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "cause_copd_exacerbation_research", "url": "docs/cause-copd-exacerbation-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-copd-exacerbation-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical dosing / rehab exercise protocols / LTOT how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Complementary to cause_asthma_copd (inhaler/PEN stays DX). Childhood oxygen stays pneumonia. HAP stays air-quality. MPOWER stays alcohol-tobacco.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_leprosy", "name": "Leprosy (Hansen\u2019s disease)", "slug": "leprosy-hansens-disease", "description": "Leprosy (Hansen\u2019s disease) as a WHO neglected tropical disease: active case-finding / contact screening, MDT treatment access & continuity, and disability prevention / complications / stigma\u2013rehab access. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns scabies/yaws MDA frameworks + thin int_skin_ntd_leprosy_mdt_case_detection / int_skin_ntd_leprosy_sdr_pep). GiveWell: no dedicated leprosy / MDT / SDR-PEP CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null (never invent CE). WHO fact sheet (~200k new cases/year; >120 countries; free MDT donation lineage; contact screening + SDR-PEP programme shape) + Global Leprosy Strategy 2021\u20132030 primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link noma (Wave DS \u2014 no noma draft duplicate); schisto (Wave ER \u2014 sibling NTD only); LF/oncho (Wave EV \u2014 MMDP \u2260 leprosy disability); deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only). Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` \u2014 sibling NTD road-map only) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. No medical dosing. See docs/cause-leprosy-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FF Buruli ulcer (`cause_buruli_ulcer`; sibling mycobacterial skin NTD \u2014 **do not** duplicate Buruli drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md. Cross-link Wave FO cutaneous leishmaniasis (`cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis`; sibling skin-platform stigma/disability adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate CL drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FR yaws (`cause_yaws`; sibling skin-NTD adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate yaws drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-yaws-research.md. Cross-link Wave FP mycetoma (`cause_mycetoma`; sibling skin-NTD platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate mycetoma drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "leprosy", "Hansen disease", "Hansen's disease", "MDT leprosy", "SDR-PEP", "Hansen bacillus", "Mycobacterium leprae", "WHO zero leprosy" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best leprosy charity GiveWell", "Hansen disease MDT cost-effectiveness", "leprosy active case finding donate", "WHO leprosy Global Strategy Better World", "SDR-PEP leprosy post-exposure", "leprosy disability prevention stigma" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_leprosy_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leprosy" }, { "source_id": "who_global_leprosy_strategy_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789290228509" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_yaws_research", "url": "docs/cause-yaws-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mycetoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no MDT dosing schedules, SDR-PEP protocols, or reaction-management how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave CS owns scabies/yaws MDA + thin int_skin_ntd_leprosy_*. This stub deepens leprosy-primary ACD/MDT-access/disability under cause_leprosy.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_mycetoma" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_buruli_ulcer", "name": "Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans)", "slug": "buruli-ulcer", "description": "Buruli ulcer (*Mycobacterium ulcerans* infection) as a WHO neglected tropical disease: active / community case-finding & early detection, treatment-access & laboratory-confirmation systems, and disability prevention / wound\u2013lymphoedema / rehabilitation access. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns scabies/yaws MDA frameworks + thin int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma + leprosy stubs / integrated platform). GiveWell: **no** dedicated Buruli / *M. ulcerans* CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO Category shares, GHO case counts, or GBD DALYs. WHO fact sheet (\u226533 countries; early detection + antibiotics cornerstone; transmission unknown / no primary prevention) + GHO + skin-NTD framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link leprosy (Wave EY \u2014 sibling mycobacterial NTD; no MDT duplicate); noma (Wave DS \u2014 platform only); LF/oncho (Wave EV \u2014 lymphoedema/rehab adjacency; MMDP stays EV); VL (Wave FA \u2014 sibling NTD); deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only). No medical dosing / surgical how-to. See docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FO cutaneous leishmaniasis (`cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis`; sibling skin-NTD platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate CL drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md. Cross-link Wave FR yaws (`cause_yaws`; sibling skin-platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate yaws drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-yaws-research.md. Cross-link Wave FP mycetoma (`cause_mycetoma`; sibling skin-NTD platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate mycetoma drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Buruli ulcer", "Mycobacterium ulcerans", "M. ulcerans", "Bairnsdale ulcer", "mycolactone", "Buruli", "skin NTD Buruli" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best Buruli ulcer charity GiveWell", "Mycobacterium ulcerans cost-effectiveness", "Buruli ulcer case finding donate", "WHO Buruli ulcer treatment access Better World", "Buruli disability rehabilitation NTD", "Buruli vs scabies yaws leprosy skin NTD" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_buruli_ulcer_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/buruli-ulcer-(mycobacterium-ulcerans-infection)" }, { "source_id": "who_gho_buruli_ulcer", "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/buruli-ulcer" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_noma_research", "url": "docs/cause-noma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_yaws_research", "url": "docs/cause-yaws-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mycetoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_mycetoma" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_visceral_leishmaniasis", "name": "Visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar)", "slug": "visceral-leishmaniasis", "description": "Visceral leishmaniasis (VL / kala-azar), the most severe form of leishmaniasis: case detection & treatment access systems, sandfly vector-control / integrated vector management systems, and thin elimination-programme / surveillance + PKDL / HIV\u2013VL coinfection care-access bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (owns cutaneous leishmaniasis thin stub + leprosy; VL \u2260 CL), live cause_deworming (combination STH\u00b1schisto; not a VL PC programme), and future cause_lf_onchocerciasis / cause_schistosomiasis. GiveWell: **no** dedicated VL / kala-azar CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO 50\u201390k incidence / >95% untreated fatality sketches or GBD DALYs. WHO leishmaniasis fact sheet + SE Asia elimination-as-PHP + eastern Africa 2024 elimination framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave FC Chagas (`cause_chagas` future; triatomine / T. cruzi \u2014 **Chagas \u2260 VL**) \u2014 see docs/cause-chagas-research.md. No medical dosing / IRS recipes. See docs/cause-visceral-leishmaniasis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FO cutaneous leishmaniasis (`cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis` future; complementary CL-primary deepening \u2014 **VL \u2260 CL**; do **not** re-home VL drafts under CL) \u2014 see docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "visceral leishmaniasis", "kala-azar", "kala azar", "VL", "Leishmania donovani", "black fever", "PKDL", "post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis", "sandfly NTD" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best visceral leishmaniasis charity GiveWell", "kala-azar elimination donate", "VL case detection treatment access Better World", "sandfly vector control leishmaniasis", "WHO eastern Africa VL framework", "visceral vs cutaneous leishmaniasis skin NTD" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_leishmaniasis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leishmaniasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_visceral_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-visceral-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-visceral-leishmaniasis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no antileishmanial dosing; no IRS recipes.", "disambiguation_note": "VL \u2260 CL (skin-NTD owns CL). Chagas \u2260 VL (Wave FC). Not a PC helminth programme (Wave BW). Wave FO owns complementary CL-primary pack (`cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis`) \u2014 VL \u2260 CL.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_chagas", "name": "Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)", "slug": "chagas-disease", "description": "Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis / Trypanosoma cruzi) as a WHO neglected tropical disease: vector control / housing & triatomine management systems, screening & antiparasitic treatment access, and thin congenital / blood\u2013organ screening access bibliography. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_visceral_leishmaniasis (VL \u2260 Chagas), cause_lf_onchocerciasis / cause_schistosomiasis / cause_skin_ntd / cause_leprosy (sibling NTDs), and live cause_deworming (not a PC helminth programme). Cardiac sequelae cross-link cause_rheumatic_heart and cause_ischemic_heart_disease (Chagas cardiomyopathy \u2260 RHD \u2260 IHD \u2014 no CE duplicate). GiveWell: **no** dedicated Chagas / T. cruzi CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO ~8M infected / >10k deaths sketches or GBD DALYs. WHO Chagas fact sheet (8 Apr 2026) primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / IRS recipes. See docs/cause-chagas-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FD human African trypanosomiasis (`cause_hat` future; *T. brucei* / tsetse \u2014 **\u2260** Chagas *T. cruzi*) \u2014 sibling trypanos NTD; do **not** duplicate HAT drafts; see docs/cause-hat-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Chagas disease", "American trypanosomiasis", "Trypanosoma cruzi", "T. cruzi", "triatomine NTD", "kissing bug disease", "Chagas cardiomyopathy", "congenital Chagas" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best Chagas disease charity GiveWell", "Trypanosoma cruzi treatment access donate", "Chagas vector control Better World", "American trypanosomiasis screening WHO", "Chagas cardiomyopathy vs rheumatic heart", "congenital Chagas blood screening" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_chagas_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chagas-disease-(american-trypanosomiasis)" }, { "source_id": "who_ntd_roadmap_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010352" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_chagas_research", "url": "docs/cause-chagas-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hat_research", "url": "docs/cause-hat-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-chagas-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no benznidazole/nifurtimox dosing; no IRS/insecticide how-to; no cardiomyopathy clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Chagas \u2260 VL (Wave FA). Chagas cardiomyopathy \u2260 RHD (Wave DM) \u2260 IHD/AMI (Wave ET) \u2260 CHD (Wave EH). Sibling NTD road-map only vs LF/schisto/skin-NTD/leprosy/deworming \u2014 no MDA/MDT/END Fund CE duplicate.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hat", "name": "Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)", "slug": "human-african-trypanosomiasis", "description": "Research pack only. `cause_hat` is a **new** `phase: future` / `ingest_status: not_started` stub covering **human African trypanosomiasis (HAT / sleeping sickness)** as a WHO neglected tropical disease: **screening & treatment access systems**, **tsetse vector-control systems**, and thin **elimination / surveillance** bibliography. Complementary to VL / LF-oncho / schisto / skin-NTD / leprosy / live deworming packs. **Chagas (Americas *T. cruzi*) \u2260 HAT (*T. brucei*)** \u2014 no Chagas pack on disk ye See docs/cause-hat-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "HAT", "sleeping sickness", "African trypanosomiasis", "Trypanosoma brucei" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "HAT sleeping sickness charity GiveWell", "African trypanosomiasis Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "cause_hat_research", "url": "docs/cause-hat-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_chagas_research", "url": "docs/cause-chagas-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hat-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical dosing.", "disambiguation_note": "HAT (T. brucei) \u2260 Chagas (T. cruzi).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pph", "name": "Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) care systems", "slug": "postpartum-hemorrhage", "description": "Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) care systems: obstetric hemorrhage referral / escalation pathways, blood-bank / transfusion access for obstetric bleeding, and facility PPH readiness / early-detection systems (programme shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; uterotonic/oxytocin\u2013misoprostol component evidence stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate) and future cause_fistula (surgical repair + obstructed-labor prevention \u2014 \u2260 acute hemorrhage systems). GiveWell: **no** dedicated PPH CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility-based MNH package cites (oxytocin prophylaxis meta as component bibliography) \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO consolidated PPH guidelines (Oct 2025) + maternal-mortality fact sheet for programme shape; no medical dosing. See docs/cause-pph-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FJ preeclampsia pack (`docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md`) \u2014 HDP/MgSO\u2084 systems \u2260 PPH hemorrhage systems; no EmONC CE duplicate. Cross-link Wave FK obstructed labor / EmONC referral (`cause_obstructed_labor`) \u2014 OL/C-section access \u2260 PPH hemorrhage/blood-bank systems; **no** EmONC CE duplicate. See docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`) \u2014 stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention complementary; no EmONC CE duplicate. Cross-link Wave GD postpartum sepsis pack (`docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md`) \u2014 maternity IPC / maternal sepsis \u2260 PPH hemorrhage systems; no EmONC CE duplicate.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "postpartum hemorrhage", "postpartum haemorrhage", "PPH", "obstetric hemorrhage", "obstetric haemorrhage", "bleeding after birth", "maternal hemorrhage systems", "blood bank obstetric transfusion" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best postpartum hemorrhage charity GiveWell", "PPH blood bank access donate", "obstetric hemorrhage referral systems Better World", "WHO PPH consolidated guidelines", "uterotonic oxytocin misoprostol CE ownership maternal", "postpartum haemorrhage care systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_maternal_mortality_2009", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "who_pph_consolidated_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240115637" }, { "source_id": "who_pph_news_2025_10", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/05-10-2025-global-health-agencies-issue-new-recommendations-to-help-end-deaths-from-postpartum-haemorrhage" }, { "source_id": "who_maternal_mortality_fact", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-pph-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no uterotonic/TXA/iron dosing; no clinical hemorrhage protocols or transfusion recipes in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "PPH care systems \u2260 obstetric fistula surgical repair (Wave DJ). Facility MNH / oxytocin\u2013misoprostol component CE ownership stays maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen systems/referral/blood-bank here only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_neonatal_sepsis", "name": "Neonatal sepsis / serious bacterial infection care systems", "slug": "neonatal-sepsis", "description": "Neonatal / young-infant (0\u201359 days) serious bacterial infection (SBI) and possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) care systems: outpatient pathways when referral is not feasible, facility SBI / neonatal sepsis care access, and chlorhexidine umbilical cord care (prevention adjacency). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; EmONC infection-prevention component stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate) and future cause_pneumonia (owns childhood ALRI amox-DT / iCCM / oxygen \u2014 no childhood antibiotic CE duplicate). GiveWell: **no** dedicated neonatal-sepsis / PSBI treatment CEA or Top Charity found (honest null); chlorhexidine cord-care page is cite-only (preliminary CEA cells quarantine \u2014 never invent CE). WHO SBI 2024 + PSBI referral-not-feasible guidelines for programme shape; no medical dosing. Cross-link meningitis (Wave DU) + congenital syphilis (Wave DG). See docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`) \u2014 stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention complementary; no EmONC CE duplicate. Cross-link Wave GD postpartum sepsis pack (`docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md`) \u2014 maternal postpartum/puerperal sepsis \u2260 young-infant PSBI/SBI/CHX; no dual CE.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "neonatal sepsis", "possible serious bacterial infection", "PSBI", "serious bacterial infection young infants", "newborn sepsis", "omphalitis chlorhexidine", "CHX cord care", "young infant infection care systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best neonatal sepsis charity GiveWell", "PSBI outpatient referral not feasible donate", "chlorhexidine cord care cost effectiveness", "WHO young infant serious bacterial infection", "neonatal infection care systems Better World" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_chlorhexidine_cord", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/chlorhexidine" }, { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "who_sbi_recommendations_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240102903" }, { "source_id": "who_psbi_referral_not_feasible", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241509268" }, { "source_id": "who_newborn_infections_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/maternal-newborn-child-adolescent-health-and-ageing/newborn-health/newborn-infections" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-neonatal-sepsis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no antibiotic/antiseptic dosing; no clinical PSBI protocols or individual neonatal decisions in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "Neonatal/young-infant SBI/PSBI care systems \u2260 childhood pneumonia ALRI antibiotic pathway (Wave DB). Facility MNH / EmONC ownership stays maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen PSBI/SBI/CHX systems here only. Congenital syphilis (Wave DG) \u2260 postnatal bacterial sepsis. Wave HR cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus (MNTE Td-SIA / clean-delivery systems) \u2014 sibling adjacency only; CHX / PSBI ownership stays here (no dual cord-care CE).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_preeclampsia", "name": "Preeclampsia / eclampsia care systems", "slug": "preeclampsia-eclampsia", "description": "Preeclampsia / eclampsia (hypertensive disorders of pregnancy) care systems: PE/E referral / escalation pathways, magnesium sulfate (MgSO\u2084) access / supply-chain systems, and facility PE/E readiness / BP-screening systems (programme shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; PE/E treatment + MgSO\u2084 component evidence stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate), future cause_pph (hemorrhage systems \u2014 \u2260 HDP/MgSO\u2084), and future cause_fistula (surgical repair + obstructed-labor prevention \u2014 \u2260 PE/E). Pregnancy HDP \u2260 adult CVD hypertension (cause_hypertension salt-sub/HEARTS stay Wave CQ). GiveWell: **no** dedicated PE/E / MgSO\u2084 CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility-based MNH package cites \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO PE/E recommendations (2011+) + maternal-mortality fact sheet for programme shape; no medical dosing. See docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FK obstructed labor / EmONC referral (`cause_obstructed_labor`) \u2014 OL/C-section access \u2260 HDP/MgSO\u2084 systems; **no** EmONC CE duplicate. See docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`) \u2014 stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention complementary; no EmONC CE duplicate.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "preeclampsia", "pre-eclampsia", "eclampsia", "hypertensive disorders of pregnancy", "HDP", "PE/E", "magnesium sulfate obstetric", "MgSO4 access systems", "pregnancy hypertension systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best preeclampsia charity GiveWell", "eclampsia magnesium sulfate access donate", "hypertensive disorders of pregnancy referral systems Better World", "WHO pre-eclampsia eclampsia recommendations", "MgSO4 EmONC CE ownership maternal", "preeclampsia care systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_maternal_mortality_2009", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "who_pe_e_recommendations_2011", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241548335" }, { "source_id": "who_maternal_mortality_fact", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-preeclampsia-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no MgSO4 / antihypertensive / calcium / aspirin dosing; no clinical seizure or induction protocols in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "Pregnancy HDP care systems \u2260 adult CVD hypertension / salt-sub (Wave CQ). \u2260 PPH hemorrhage systems (Wave FG). \u2260 obstetric fistula (Wave DJ). Facility MNH / EmONC / MgSO\u2084 component CE ownership stays maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen referral / MgSO4 access / facility readiness here only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_obstructed_labor", "name": "Obstructed labor / EmONC referral systems", "slug": "obstructed-labor", "description": "Prolonged / obstructed-labor (OL) referral and caesarean / comprehensive EmONC access systems: OL referral / escalation pathways, timely C-section / surgical EmONC access, and facility OL / CEmONC readiness systems (programme shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; EmONC + labor-monitoring component evidence stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate), future cause_fistula (surgical repair + thin timely-C-section prevention \u2014 \u2260 this pack\u2019s OL referral / C-section access systems deepening; no surgical-repair CE move), future cause_pph (hemorrhage / blood-bank \u2014 \u2260 OL/C-section), and future cause_preeclampsia (HDP/MgSO\u2084 \u2014 \u2260 OL). GiveWell: **no** dedicated OL / C-section / EmONC-referral CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility-based MNH package cites + fistula prevention context \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO EmONC monitoring handbook + prolonged/obstructed labour module + maternal-mortality fact sheet for programme shape; no medical/surgical how-to. See docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FL stillbirth pack (`docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md`) \u2014 stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention complementary; no EmONC CE duplicate.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "obstructed labor", "obstructed labour", "prolonged labor", "prolonged labour", "EmONC referral", "CEmONC", "caesarean section access", "C-section access systems", "emergency obstetric referral" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best obstructed labor charity GiveWell", "caesarean section access EmONC donate", "prolonged labour referral systems Better World", "WHO EmONC signal functions caesarean", "obstructed labor C-section cost effectiveness", "EmONC referral systems maternal mortality" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_maternal_mortality_2009", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "gw_fistula_surgery", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/surgery-to-repair-obstetric-fistula" }, { "source_id": "who_emonc_monitoring_handbook", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241547734" }, { "source_id": "who_prolonged_obstructed_labour_module", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241546669" }, { "source_id": "who_maternal_mortality_fact", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "cause_obstructed_labor_research", "url": "docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-obstructed-labor-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no C-section/vacuum/forceps technique; no partograph clinical protocols in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "OL / EmONC referral systems \u2260 obstetric fistula surgical repair (Wave DJ owns surgical CE quarantine + thin prevention). Facility MNH / EmONC component CE ownership stays maternal Wave CB. PPH blood-bank stays Wave FG. PE/E MgSO\u2084 stays Wave FJ. Deepen OL referral / C-section access / CEmONC readiness here only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_stillbirth", "name": "Stillbirth / perinatal mortality prevention systems", "slug": "stillbirth-perinatal", "description": "Stillbirth and perinatal mortality prevention systems: stillbirth / perinatal death surveillance and response (MPDSR / Making Every Baby Count / ICD-PM), intrapartum stillbirth prevention systems (labour surveillance / fetal monitoring / Labour Care Guide as programme shape), and antepartum stillbirth risk-detection / ANC quality systems (programme shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA / community packages + live KMC/syphilis; facility-training stillbirth outcome cells stay maternal-owned bibliography \u2014 no CE duplicate), future cause_pph, cause_preeclampsia, cause_neonatal_sepsis, and cause_fistula. GiveWell: **no** dedicated stillbirth / perinatal-mortality CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility MNH / community package / PLA-MNH / syphilis stillbirth-outcome component cites \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO stillbirth topic + ENAP + MPDSR / ICD-PM / Making Every Baby Count for programme shape; no medical dosing / clinical labour protocols. See docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "stillbirth", "stillbirths", "perinatal mortality", "intrapartum stillbirth", "antepartum stillbirth", "fresh stillbirth", "MPDSR", "perinatal death surveillance", "ICD-PM", "ENAP stillbirth" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best stillbirth prevention charity GiveWell", "intrapartum stillbirth prevention systems donate", "perinatal death surveillance MPDSR Better World", "WHO ENAP stillbirth target", "stillbirth CE ownership maternal facility MNH", "stillbirth perinatal mortality prevention systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_community_mnh_packages", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/community-intervention-package-programs" }, { "source_id": "who_stillbirth_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/health-topics/stillbirth" }, { "source_id": "who_mpdsr_implementation", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240036666" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-stillbirth-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no clinical labour / fetal-monitoring protocols; no resuscitation or obstetric dosing in Better World pages. Keep stillbirth descriptions high-level and respectful.", "disambiguation_note": "Stillbirth surveillance / intrapartum prevention systems \u2260 PPH hemorrhage (Wave FG), \u2260 PE/E MgSO4 (Wave FJ), \u2260 neonatal sepsis/PSBI (Wave FI), \u2260 fistula surgical repair (Wave DJ). Facility MNH / EmONC / package stillbirth-outcome CE ownership stays maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen surveillance + intrapartum systems here only. Congenital syphilis stillbirth pathway stays Wave DG.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_preterm_birth", "name": "Preterm birth / antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) care systems", "slug": "preterm-birth-acs", "description": "Preterm birth / antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) care systems: ACS access / supply-chain systems, preterm referral / escalation pathways, and facility preterm / threatened-preterm readiness systems (programme shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; threatened-preterm care component evidence stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate; live int_kangaroo_care stays maternal), future cause_neonatal_sepsis (PSBI/CHX \u2014 \u2260 ACS), future cause_pph (hemorrhage \u2014 \u2260 ACS), future cause_preeclampsia (HDP/MgSO\u2084 \u2014 \u2260 ACS), and future cause_obstructed_labor (OL/C-section \u2014 \u2260 ACS; no EmONC CE duplicate). No dedicated stillbirth pack yet \u2014 facility-MNH stillbirth cells stay maternal bibliography. GiveWell: **no** dedicated ACS / preterm-birth CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility-based MNH package cites \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO ACS recommendations (2022) + preterm birth fact sheet for programme shape; no medical dosing. See docs/cause-preterm-birth-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "preterm birth", "premature birth", "antenatal corticosteroids", "ACS obstetric", "antenatal steroids", "threatened preterm birth", "preterm referral systems", "dexamethasone antenatal", "betamethasone antenatal" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best preterm birth charity GiveWell", "antenatal corticosteroids ACS access donate", "preterm referral systems Better World", "WHO antenatal corticosteroids recommendations", "ACS EmONC CE ownership maternal", "preterm birth care systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_kangaroo_mother_care", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/kangaroo-mother-care" }, { "source_id": "who_acs_recommendations_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240057296" }, { "source_id": "who_preterm_birth_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/preterm-birth" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-preterm-birth-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no ACS / tocolytic / antibiotic / caffeine dosing; no gestational-age clinical algorithms as medical how-to in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "Preterm/ACS care systems \u2260 neonatal sepsis PSBI/CHX (Wave FI). \u2260 PPH hemorrhage (Wave FG). \u2260 PE/E MgSO\u2084 (Wave FJ). \u2260 OL/C-section access (Wave FK). Facility MNH / EmONC / preterm-component CE ownership + live KMC stay maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen ACS access / preterm referral / facility readiness here only. Stillbirth package cells stay maternal bibliography (no dedicated stillbirth pack).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis", "name": "Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL)", "slug": "cutaneous-leishmaniasis", "description": "Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), the most common form of leishmaniasis: active/community case-finding & early detection, treatment-access systems, sandfly vector-control / IVM systems for CL foci, and thin disability / scar / stigma\u2013rehab access (mucocutaneous adjacency bibliography). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns scabies/yaws MDA + thin int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma + leprosy stubs / platform), future cause_visceral_leishmaniasis (Wave FA \u2014 **VL \u2260 CL**; PKDL is VL sequel), future cause_buruli_ulcer / cause_leprosy, and live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only). GiveWell: **no** dedicated CL CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO 600k\u20131M incidence / GHO reported-case shares or GBD YLDs. WHO leishmaniasis fact sheet + GHO + skin-NTD framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / IRS recipes. See docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave FR yaws (`cause_yaws`; sibling skin-platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate yaws drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-yaws-research.md. Cross-link Wave FP mycetoma (`cause_mycetoma`; sibling skin-NTD platform adjacency \u2014 **do not** duplicate mycetoma drafts) \u2014 see docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "cutaneous leishmaniasis", "CL", "oriental sore", "Aleppo boil", "skin leishmaniasis", "mucocutaneous leishmaniasis", "MCL", "espundia", "Leishmania tropica", "Leishmania major", "Leishmania braziliensis" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best cutaneous leishmaniasis charity GiveWell", "CL case finding treatment access donate", "cutaneous vs visceral leishmaniasis Better World", "WHO cutaneous leishmaniasis sandfly control", "leishmaniasis scars stigma rehabilitation NTD", "CL vs Buruli vs leprosy skin NTD" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_leishmaniasis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leishmaniasis" }, { "source_id": "who_gho_leishmaniasis", "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/gho-ntd-leishmaniasis" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_visceral_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-visceral-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_yaws_research", "url": "docs/cause-yaws-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_mycetoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no antileishmanial dosing; no IRS recipes.", "disambiguation_note": "CL \u2260 VL (Wave FA owns visceral / kala-azar; PKDL is VL sequel). Wave CS owns thin CL-in-bundle stub + scabies/yaws/leprosy MDA frameworks \u2014 complementary deepening here. Not a PC helminth programme (Wave BW).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_visceral_leishmaniasis", "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_leprosy", "cause_deworming", "cause_yaws", "cause_mycetoma" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_mycetoma", "name": "Mycetoma (Madura foot)", "slug": "mycetoma", "description": "Mycetoma (Madura foot) as a WHO neglected tropical disease / skin NTD: active/community case-finding & early detection, treatment-access & diagnosis systems (actinomycetoma vs eumycetoma programme shape \u2014 no dosing), and disability prevention / rehabilitation access (high-level \u2014 no surgical/amputation how-to). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns scabies/yaws MDA + thin int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma + leprosy stubs / platform), future cause_buruli_ulcer / cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis / cause_leprosy, and live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only). GiveWell: **no** dedicated mycetoma / Madura foot CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO unknown-burden language, Mycetoma-belt country lists, or GBD DALYs. WHO mycetoma fact sheet (14 Jan 2022) + health topic + WHA69.21 / supporting-endemic-countries + skin-NTD framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / surgical how-to. See docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "mycetoma", "Madura foot", "Madura disease", "eumycetoma", "actinomycetoma", "mycetomes", "fungal mycetoma", "bacterial mycetoma" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best mycetoma charity GiveWell", "Madura foot early detection donate", "mycetoma vs Buruli vs CL skin NTD Better World", "WHO mycetoma belt Sudan Mexico", "eumycetoma actinomycetoma treatment access NTD", "mycetoma disability rehabilitation footwear" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_mycetoma_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mycetoma" }, { "source_id": "who_mycetoma_health_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/health-topics/mycetoma-chromoblastomycosis-and-other-deep-mycoses" }, { "source_id": "who_supporting_mycetoma_endemic", "url": "https://www.who.int/activities/supporting-countries-endemic-for-mycetoma" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_mycetoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-mycetoma-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no antibiotic/antifungal dosing; no surgical/amputation how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave CS owns thin mycetoma-in-bundle stub (int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma) + scabies/yaws/leprosy MDA frameworks \u2014 complementary deepening here. Not Buruli (Wave FF), not CL (Wave FO), not leprosy (Wave EY). Not a PC helminth programme (Wave BW).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis", "cause_leprosy", "cause_deworming" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_yaws", "name": "Yaws (Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue)", "slug": "yaws", "description": "Yaws (*Treponema pallidum* subsp. *pertenue*) as a WHO neglected tropical disease targeted for eradication: active / community case-finding & early detection, MDA / total community treatment (TCT) access & coverage systems, and post-MDA active surveillance / sero-surveillance. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns thin int_skin_ntd_yaws_azithromycin_morges + scabies/leprosy MDA frameworks + integrated platform + thin int_skin_ntd_other_buruli_cl_mycetoma). GiveWell: **no** dedicated yaws / Morges CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE from WHO endemic-country counts, suspected/confirmed case language, coverage %, or academic $/DALY. WHO yaws fact sheet (~15 endemic countries; ~75\u201380% children under 15; Morges TCT + surveillance; eradication criteria) + skin-NTD framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link Buruli (Wave FF), cutaneous leishmaniasis (Wave FO), leprosy (Wave EY), vision/trachoma azithromycin platform (Wave CO \u2014 eye \u2260 yaws skin/eradication), syphilis (related treponeme \u2014 disambiguation only), deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only). Mycetoma: no dedicated pack \u2014 thin ownership stays CS. No medical dosing / AMR how-to. See docs/cause-yaws-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "yaws", "Treponema pallidum pertenue", "T. pallidum subsp. pertenue", "endemic treponematoses", "Morges strategy", "framboesia", "pian", "skin NTD yaws" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best yaws charity GiveWell", "yaws azithromycin MDA cost-effectiveness", "Morges strategy yaws donate", "WHO yaws eradication Better World", "yaws case finding surveillance NTD", "yaws vs scabies vs leprosy skin NTD" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_yaws_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yaws" }, { "source_id": "who_yaws_morges_implementation", "url": "https://www.who.int/activities/supporting-endemic-countries-to-implement-yaws-eradication-strategy" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "gw_disease_eradication", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/disease-eradication" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_yaws_research", "url": "docs/cause-yaws-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-yaws-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no antibiotic dosing; no AMR treatment how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave CS owns thin int_skin_ntd_yaws_azithromycin_morges + scabies/leprosy MDA frameworks \u2014 complementary deepening here (case-finding / MDA-access / surveillance). Related treponeme syphilis (*T. pallidum* subsp. *pallidum*) is disambiguation only \u2014 not syphilis CE. Trachoma azithromycin stays Wave CO (eye). Mycetoma has no dedicated pack (thin CS stub). Not a PC helminth programme (Wave BW).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis", "cause_leprosy", "cause_vision", "cause_deworming" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_scabies", "name": "Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei)", "slug": "scabies", "description": "Scabies (*Sarcoptes scabiei* var. *hominis*): MDA access/delivery systems (endemic MDA where WHO programme language indicates prevalence thresholds; UHC package incorporation), case-management / household treatment access, and crusted-scabies intensive pathways + outbreak surveillance/response systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_skin_ntd (Wave CS owns thin int_skin_ntd_scabies_ivermectin_mda + yaws/leprosy stubs / platform + GiveWell scabies MDA CEA bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), future cause_leprosy / cause_buruli_ulcer / cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis, and live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; STH co-benefit cross-link only). GiveWell: cite-only Sep 2021 MDA report; honest null for dedicated case-management / MDA-delivery-systems CEA or Top Charity. WHO scabies fact sheet (31 May 2023) + 2019 control framework + skin-NTD framework primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing. See docs/cause-scabies-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "scabies", "Sarcoptes scabiei", "human scabies", "crusted scabies", "Norwegian scabies", "ectoparasites scabies", "scabies MDA", "ivermectin scabies" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best scabies charity GiveWell", "scabies MDA access donate", "scabies case management Better World", "World Scabies Program GiveWell", "WHO scabies UHC MDA", "scabies vs skin NTD Better World", "crusted scabies outbreak systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_scabies_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/scabies" }, { "source_id": "who_scabies_control_framework_2019", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240008069" }, { "source_id": "who_skin_ntd_framework_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240051423" }, { "source_id": "gw_scabies_ivermectin_mda", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/oral-ivermectin-MDA-for-scabies" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_scabies_research", "url": "docs/cause-scabies-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_skin_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-skin-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_leprosy_research", "url": "docs/cause-leprosy-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_buruli_ulcer_research", "url": "docs/cause-buruli-ulcer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cutaneous-leishmaniasis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-scabies-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no ivermectin/permethrin dosing; no crusted regimens.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave CS owns thin int_skin_ntd_scabies_ivermectin_mda + GW MDA CEA bibliography \u2014 complementary MDA-access / case-management deepening here; do not invent dual CE. Not a PC helminth programme (Wave BW); STH ivermectin co-benefit is cross-link only. Yaws stays under Wave CS (or any future yaws pack) \u2014 not re-homed here.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_leprosy", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_cutaneous_leishmaniasis", "cause_deworming" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rheumatic_fever", "name": "Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) primary prevention", "slug": "acute-rheumatic-fever-primary-prevention", "description": "Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) primary prevention / sore-throat \u2192 ARF pathways: school/community sore-throat care systems, primordial living/housing standards, and first-episode ARF recognition/referral + surveillance systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_rheumatic_heart (Wave DM owns secondary antibiotic prophylaxis, thin int_rhd_gas_pharyngitis_primary_prevention, and valve-surgery access \u2014 **no dual CE**). GiveWell: **no** dedicated ARF primary-prevention CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null cite-only; never invent CE. WHO RHD fact sheet (prompt strep-throat Rx; living/housing standards; late diagnosis; ~55M/~360k burden \u2014 re-fetch) + 2024 RF/RHD guideline (GAS Recs existence cite) + WHA71.14; IHME/NEJM GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link IHD (atherosclerotic \u2260 post-strep) + CHD (congenital \u2260 acquired) + hypertension (no salt-sub) + syphilis (BPG commodity \u2014 no CE transfer) + pneumonia (no amox-DT re-home) + WASH (no housing CE import). Ho Hum may fold under cause_rheumatic_heart. No medical dosing. See docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "acute rheumatic fever", "ARF", "rheumatic fever primary prevention", "sore throat RF prevention", "GAS pharyngitis school programme", "streptococcal sore throat ARF", "primordial RF prevention", "ARF surveillance" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best acute rheumatic fever charity GiveWell", "ARF primary prevention sore throat donate", "school sore throat rheumatic fever Better World", "WHO rheumatic fever primary prevention", "ARF vs RHD secondary prophylaxis ownership", "rheumatic fever living standards prevention" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rhd_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rheumatic-heart-disease" }, { "source_id": "who_rhd_guideline_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240100077" }, { "source_id": "who_wha71_14", "url": "https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA71/A71_R14-en.pdf" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_rhd_burden_1990_2015", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-rheumatic-heart-disease-1990-2015" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rheumatic_heart_research", "url": "docs/cause-rheumatic-heart-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rheumatic-fever-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no penicillin dosing, allergy-testing, school diagnostic algorithms, or echo how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Complementary to cause_rheumatic_heart (Wave DM owns secondary prophylaxis + thin GAS + valve \u2014 no dual CE). Not atherosclerotic IHD (Wave ET). Not congenital CHD (Wave EH). Shared BPG with syphilis is commodity cross-link only. Ho Hum may fold under cause_rheumatic_heart.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_trachoma", "name": "Trachoma SAFE systems", "slug": "trachoma-safe-systems", "description": "Trachoma (*Chlamydia trachomatis*) SAFE systems deepening: trichiasis (TT) surgery backlog / quality / outreach access, SAFE facial-cleanliness + environmental WASH (F&E), and azithromycin MDA delivery / coverage systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_vision (Wave CO owns ranking themes + int_vision_trachoma_mda_azithromycin / trichiasis_surgery / safe_strategy + cataract stubs + GiveWell SAFE/cataract bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; thin int_ntd_other_mda_lf_oncho_trachoma cross-link), future cause_lf_onchocerciasis (oncho \u2260 trachoma), skin-NTD/yaws azithromycin platform cross-link, and water-sanitation general WASH (no dual F&E CE). GiveWell: cite-only dated SAFE report; honest null for dedicated systems/TT-backlog/F&E CEA or Top Charity. WHO trachoma fact sheet + SAFE leadership + trichiasis surgery manuals primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / surgical how-to. See docs/cause-trachoma-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "trachoma", "SAFE systems", "trachomatous trichiasis", "TT surgery backlog", "trachoma F&E", "trachoma WASH", "azithromycin MDA delivery", "GET2020 systems", "Chlamydia trachomatis eye" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best trachoma charity GiveWell systems", "trachoma TT surgery backlog donate", "SAFE facial cleanliness environmental WASH", "trachoma MDA delivery systems Better World", "Sightsavers trachoma vs deworming", "trachoma vs vision pack Better World", "WHO trachoma SAFE F&E" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_trachoma_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/trachoma" }, { "source_id": "who_trachoma_technical_leadership_safe", "url": "https://www.who.int/activities/providing-technical-leadership-and-coordination-for-trachoma-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_trichiasis_surgery_manual", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240089242" }, { "source_id": "who_ntd_roadmap_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010352" }, { "source_id": "gw_safe_trachoma", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/SAFE" }, { "source_id": "gw_trachoma_monitoring_blog_2009", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2009/02/10/trachoma-an-example-of-the-need-for-long-term-monitoring/" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_trachoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-trachoma-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_vision_research", "url": "docs/cause-vision-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_water_sanitation_research", "url": "docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-trachoma-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no azithromycin dosing; no trichiasis surgical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave CO / cause_vision owns ranking themes + thin int_vision_trachoma_* / cataract stubs + SAFE/cataract bibliography \u2014 complementary SAFE systems deepening here; do not invent dual CE. Sightsavers stays deworming-live. Oncho river-blindness is Wave EV (\u2260 trachoma). Yaws azithromycin is Wave CS/FR (\u2260 trachoma eye). General WASH is water-sanitation pack (\u2260 trachoma-specific F&E dual CE).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_vision", "cause_deworming", "cause_lf_onchocerciasis", "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_yaws", "cause_water_sanitation", "cause_glaucoma_retinopathy" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_poisoning", "name": "Acute poisoning / toxic exposures", "slug": "acute-poisoning-toxic-exposures", "description": "LMIC acute poisoning / toxic exposures: highly hazardous pesticide (HHP) regulation & safer agricultural chemical systems (high-level), paraffin/kerosene childhood ingestion prevention (child-resistant containers / safer fuel storage), household chemical & medicine safe-storage / packaging systems, and poison centres / toxicovigilance capacity (snakebite-adjacent tox systems only \u2014 no antivenom dual CE). Research pack only \u2014 no live poisoning interventions or orgs. GiveWell: honest null for dedicated acute unintentional / paraffin / household / poison-centre CEA or Top Charity; CPSP incubation grants cite-only (never invent CE); LEEP / lead paint & soil stay lead/education pack. WHO poison-centre guidelines (~106k unintentional deaths / ~6.3M DALYs in 2016 \u2014 burden bibliography) + pesticides Q&A + household pesticides guidance + HAP kerosene-ingestion note; IHME/GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link lead + snakebite + burns (ingestion \u2260 flame burns) + road-safety. Info-hazard: high-level prevention/systems only \u2014 no suicide-method detail, no medical dosing. See docs/cause-poisoning-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "acute poisoning", "toxic exposures", "poison centres", "pesticide poisoning", "HHP regulation", "paraffin poisoning", "kerosene ingestion", "household poisoning", "unintentional poisoning", "toxicovigilance" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best acute poisoning charity GiveWell", "pesticide HHP regulation donate", "paraffin kerosene childhood poisoning Better World", "poison centres WHO capacity", "CPSP GiveWell cite only", "poisoning vs lead LEEP ownership", "poisoning vs snakebite dual CE" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_guidelines_poison_centre_9789240009523", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240009523" }, { "source_id": "who_poisoning_prevention_management_team", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/environment-climate-change-and-health/chemical-safety-and-health/incidents-poisonings/prevention-and-management-of-cases-of-poisoning" }, { "source_id": "who_chemical_safety_pesticides_qa", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/chemical-safety-pesticides" }, { "source_id": "who_hap_fact_sheet_kerosene_ingestion", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health" }, { "source_id": "gw_cpsp_jan_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/incubation-grants/CPSP-general-support-jan-2021" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_ph_regulation_update_aug_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/public-health-regulation-update-August-2021" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_poisoning_research", "url": "docs/cause-poisoning-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lead_education_research", "url": "docs/cause-lead-education-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_snakebite_research", "url": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_burns_research", "url": "docs/cause-burns-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_road_safety_research", "url": "docs/cause-road-safety-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-poisoning-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Info-hazard: high-level prevention/systems only. No medical dosing; no clinical toxicology protocols; no suicide-method detail.", "disambiguation_note": "LEEP/lead paint/soil stays lead/education. Snakebite owns antivenom \u2014 poison-centre stub is systems adjacency only (no dual CE). Burns owns paraffin flame/scald; this pack owns paraffin/kerosene ingestion. Road-safety owns trauma.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_lead_pollution", "cause_snakebite", "cause_burns", "cause_road_safety", "cause_air_quality", "cause_alcohol_tobacco" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_lf_mmdp", "name": "LF morbidity management / hydrocele / lymphedema (MMDP) systems", "slug": "lf-mmdp-systems", "description": "Lymphatic filariasis morbidity management and disability prevention (MMDP) systems deepening: hydrocele surgery access / readiness, lymphoedema (lymphedema) care / hygiene\u2013elevation access, and MMDP facility readiness / patient-estimation / coverage systems (including ADL episode-care access shape). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_lf_onchocerciasis (Wave EV owns MDA/elimination themes + thin int_lf_mda / int_lf_morbidity_management / int_oncho_ivermectin_mda + GiveWell dated LF/river-blindness MDA bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; thin int_ntd_other_mda_lf_oncho_trachoma cross-link), skin-NTD/leprosy/Buruli disability-platform cross-links, and trachoma TT surgery (\u2260 hydrocele). GiveWell: dated LF MDA cite-only (Wave EV); honest null for dedicated MMDP/hydrocele/lymphoedema systems CEA or Top Charity. WHO LF MMDP page (~40M clinically significant manifestations; minimum package) + 2019 surgical approaches + fact sheet + GPELF progress primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / surgical how-to. See docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "LF MMDP", "lymphatic filariasis morbidity management", "hydrocele surgery access", "filarial hydrocele", "lymphoedema care LF", "lymphedema LF", "elephantiasis care", "ADL adenolymphangitis care", "GPELF MMDP systems", "LF disability prevention" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best LF MMDP charity GiveWell", "hydrocele surgery access donate", "lymphatic filariasis lymphoedema care Better World", "LF morbidity management systems", "Sightsavers LF MMDP vs deworming", "LF MMDP vs lf_onchocerciasis pack", "WHO MMDP facility readiness" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_lf_mmdp", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/lymphatic-filariasis/morbidity-management-and-disability-prevention" }, { "source_id": "who_lf_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "who_lf_surgical_approaches_2019", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-CDS-NTD-PCT-2019.04" }, { "source_id": "who_gpelf_progress_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer10040-439-449" }, { "source_id": "who_ntd_roadmap_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010352" }, { "source_id": "gw_lf_mda_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_mmdp_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-lf-mmdp-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no hydrocele surgical how-to; no lymphoedema wound-care recipes; no ADL clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave EV / cause_lf_onchocerciasis owns MDA/elimination themes + thin int_lf_mda / int_lf_morbidity_management / int_oncho_ivermectin_mda + dated LF/river-blindness bibliography \u2014 complementary MMDP systems deepening here; do not invent dual CE. Sightsavers stays deworming-live. Trachoma TT \u2260 hydrocele. Skin-NTD/leprosy/Buruli disability = cross-link only.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_lf_onchocerciasis", "cause_deworming", "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_leprosy", "cause_buruli_ulcer", "cause_vision", "cause_trachoma", "cause_schistosomiasis" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_onchocerciasis", "name": "Onchocerciasis (river blindness) systems", "slug": "onchocerciasis-systems", "description": "Onchocerciasis (river blindness) systems deepening: community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) / Mectizan donation delivery & coverage systems, onchocercal ocular morbidity / vision-loss access systems, and Simulium blackfly vector-control systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_lf_onchocerciasis (Wave EV owns shared LF+oncho MDA/elimination bibliography + thin int_lf_mda / int_lf_morbidity_management / int_oncho_ivermectin_mda \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE with LF MDA themes), live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; thin int_ntd_other_mda_lf_oncho_trachoma cross-link), future cause_trachoma / cause_vision (trachoma \u2260 oncho), LF MMDP systems research doc (\u2260 oncho), and skin-NTD platform cross-link. GiveWell: cite-only dated river-blindness MDA (Wave EV ownership); honest null for dedicated CDTI/ocular/vector systems CEA or Top Charity. WHO oncho fact sheet + progress + stop-MDA / OEM primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / Loa loa SAE how-to / ocular surgery how-to / vector SOPs. See docs/cause-onchocerciasis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "onchocerciasis", "river blindness", "oncho", "CDTI", "Mectizan", "Simulium", "blackfly vector control", "onchocercal ocular morbidity", "APOC CDTI systems", "Onchocerca volvulus" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best onchocerciasis charity GiveWell systems", "CDTI Mectizan delivery donate", "river blindness ocular morbidity systems", "Simulium vector control Better World", "oncho vs LF MDA pack Better World", "Sightsavers oncho vs deworming", "WHO onchocerciasis CDTI" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_oncho_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/onchocerciasis" }, { "source_id": "who_oncho_progress_2023_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer-9941-577-590" }, { "source_id": "who_oncho_stop_mda_guidelines_2016", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241510011" }, { "source_id": "who_oncho_elimination_mapping_handbook", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240099227" }, { "source_id": "who_ntd_roadmap_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010352" }, { "source_id": "gw_oncho_river_blindness_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/river-blindness" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "gw_mdgh_moxidectin_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/medicines-development-for-global-health-moxidectin-who-pre-qualification-grant-june-2024" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_onchocerciasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-onchocerciasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_trachoma_research", "url": "docs/cause-trachoma-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-onchocerciasis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no ivermectin dosing; no Loa loa SAE protocols; no ocular surgical how-to; no vector insecticide SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave EV / cause_lf_onchocerciasis owns shared MDA/elimination bibliography + thin int_oncho_ivermectin_mda / int_lf_mda / int_lf_morbidity_management \u2014 complementary oncho systems deepening here; do not invent dual CE with LF MDA themes. Sightsavers stays deworming-live. Trachoma SAFE/TT is Wave CO/FU (\u2260 oncho). LF MMDP hydrocele/lymphoedema is Wave FZ research doc (\u2260 oncho ocular/CDTI/vector).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_lf_onchocerciasis", "cause_deworming", "cause_vision", "cause_trachoma", "cause_skin_ntd", "cause_schistosomiasis", "cause_glaucoma_retinopathy" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_postpartum_sepsis", "name": "Postpartum sepsis / maternal infection / facility IPC systems", "slug": "postpartum-sepsis", "description": "Postpartum / puerperal infection and maternal sepsis care systems: facility maternity IPC / hand-hygiene systems, maternal sepsis early-recognition / response systems (FAST-M programme shape \u2014 no dosing), and postpartum infection referral / facility care-access systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_maternal_neonatal (owns facility MNH / Safe Motherhood EmONC / PLA drafts + live KMC/syphilis; EmONC infection-prevention component stays maternal-owned \u2014 no CE duplicate), future cause_pph (hemorrhage / blood-bank \u2014 \u2260 infection pathway), and future cause_neonatal_sepsis (young-infant PSBI/SBI/CHX \u2014 \u2260 maternal postpartum sepsis). GiveWell: **no** dedicated postpartum-sepsis / puerperal-infection / maternal-sepsis treatment CEA or Top Charity found beyond facility-based MNH infection-prevention package cites \u2014 honest null / cite-only; never invent CE. WHO peripartum infections 2015 + Statement on Maternal Sepsis + APT-Sepsis 2025 systems shape; no medical dosing. Cross-link syphilis (Wave DG) + meningitis (Wave DU). See docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "postpartum sepsis", "puerperal sepsis", "puerperal infection", "maternal sepsis", "maternal peripartum infection", "maternity IPC", "facility maternal infection prevention", "FAST-M maternal sepsis", "APT-Sepsis systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best postpartum sepsis charity GiveWell", "maternal sepsis facility IPC donate", "puerperal infection care systems Better World", "WHO APT-Sepsis FAST-M", "postpartum infection referral systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_facility_mnh", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/facility-based-maternal-and-neonatal-health-interventions" }, { "source_id": "gw_maternal_mortality_2009", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/maternal-mortality" }, { "source_id": "who_peripartum_infections_2015", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549363" }, { "source_id": "who_maternal_sepsis_statement_2017", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-RHR-17.02" }, { "source_id": "who_apt_sepsis_news_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/20-11-2025-stronger-infection-prevention-and-management--better-maternal-outcomes" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-postpartum-sepsis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "No medical advice; no antibiotic/antiseptic dosing; no clinical sepsis protocols or individual maternal decisions in Better World pages.", "disambiguation_note": "Postpartum/puerperal maternal infection systems \u2260 young-infant PSBI/SBI (Wave FI) and \u2260 PPH hemorrhage (Wave FG). Facility MNH / EmONC infection-prevention ownership stays maternal Wave CB \u2014 deepen maternity IPC / maternal-sepsis recognition / infection-referral systems here only. Congenital syphilis (Wave DG) \u2260 postnatal bacterial puerperal sepsis.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_thalassemia", "name": "Thalassaemia / haemoglobinopathy systems", "slug": "thalassemia-hemoglobinopathy-systems", "description": "Thalassaemia and non-SCD haemoglobinopathy systems: transfusion access / safe-blood for transfusion-dependent disease (TDT), iron-chelation access systems (essential-medicines / monitoring \u2014 no dosing), and newborn / early-identification haemoglobinopathy screening. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_sickle_cell (Wave DN owns SCD-specific NBS / penicillin / hydroxyurea / transfusion\u2013malaria co-management \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), future cause_anemia (multi-etiology co-driver notes; iron CE stays nutrition), live nutrition iron pathways, future cause_childhood_cancer (specialty inequity analogy), and future cause_congenital_heart_disease (CCHD \u2260 Hb-NBS). GiveWell: honest null \u2014 no Top Charity or dedicated thalassaemia transfusion / chelation / Hb-NBS CEA found. WHO EB118/5 + EB118.R1 + SEARO 2021 haemoglobinopathies desk review + blood-safety fact sheet primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD thalassaemia bibliography-only (never invent CE). No medical advice / chelation recipes / transfusion protocols. See docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "thalassemia", "thalassaemia", "beta thalassemia", "\u03b2-thalassaemia", "alpha thalassemia", "transfusion-dependent thalassemia", "TDT", "haemoglobinopathy", "hemoglobinopathy systems", "HbE thalassemia", "iron chelation access", "thalassemia newborn screening" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best thalassemia charity GiveWell", "thalassaemia transfusion access donate", "iron chelation access LMIC cost-effectiveness", "haemoglobinopathy newborn screening Better World", "WHO thalassaemia SEARO blood safety", "thalassemia vs sickle cell pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_eb118_5_thalassaemia_haemoglobinopathies", "url": "https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/eb118/b118_5-en.pdf" }, { "source_id": "who_eb118_r1_resolution", "url": "https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/EBSS-EB118-2006-REC1/english/Res/listing/b118_r1-en.pdf" }, { "source_id": "who_searo_haemoglobinopathies_desk_review_2021", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789290228516" }, { "source_id": "who_blood_safety_availability_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_thalassemia", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_thalassemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_sickle_cell_research", "url": "docs/cause-sickle-cell-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_anemia_research", "url": "docs/cause-anemia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_childhood_cancer_research", "url": "docs/cause-childhood-cancer-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_congenital_heart_disease_research", "url": "docs/cause-congenital-heart-disease-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-thalassemia-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no transfusion protocols; no chelation dosing / regimen recipes; no prenatal-diagnosis procedural how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave DN / cause_sickle_cell owns SCD-specific NBS / penicillin / hydroxyurea / transfusion\u2013malaria \u2014 complementary thalassaemia TDT transfusion / chelation / Hb-NBS here; do not invent dual CE. Wave EE anaemia owns multi-etiology syndrome stubs; nutrition owns iron fortification/IFA/MMS CE. Childhood cancer specialty inequity is analogy only. CHD CCHD newborn screening \u2260 haemoglobinopathy NBS.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_sickle_cell", "cause_anemia", "cause_nutrition", "cause_childhood_cancer", "cause_congenital_heart_disease", "cause_hepatitis", "cause_maternal_neonatal" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_schisto_morbidity", "name": "Schistosomiasis morbidity / FGS / FSAC systems", "slug": "schisto-morbidity-fgs-fsac", "description": "Schistosomiasis morbidity / female genital schistosomiasis (FGS) / FSAC systems deepening: FGS clinical-recognition / pocket-atlas awareness systems, FGS\u2013SRH\u2013HIV\u2013cervical integration access systems, and chronic morbidity management + WASH\u2013snail transmission-reduction systems linkage. FSAC = Better World research shorthand for FGS systems / access & care (not an official WHO acronym). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_schistosomiasis (Wave ER owns MDA/PC themes + int_schisto_praziquantel_mda / int_schisto_snail_control / int_schisto_water_contact_wash_behavior + GiveWell dated schisto MDA bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; Wave BW combination/STH/END Fund ownership), Wave BQ water (chlorination \u2260 schisto snail/WASH), and HIV/syphilis/cervical SRH platform cross-links. GiveWell: dated schisto MDA cite-only (Wave ER); honest null for dedicated FGS/FSAC systems CEA or Top Charity. WHO genital-manifestations / Pocket Atlas / simultaneous-screening advocacy + fact sheet comprehensive approach primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / lesion how-to. See docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "schisto morbidity", "female genital schistosomiasis", "FGS", "FSAC", "FGS systems access care", "genital schistosomiasis", "schisto FGS integration", "schisto WASH snail morbidity systems", "urogenital schistosomiasis morbidity" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best FGS charity GiveWell", "female genital schistosomiasis donate", "schisto morbidity management Better World", "FGS HIV cervical integration systems", "Sightsavers FGS vs deworming", "schisto morbidity vs schistosomiasis pack", "WHO FGS Pocket Atlas systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_genital_schisto_awareness", "url": "https://www.who.int/activities/increasing-awareness-on-genital-manifestations-of-schistosomiasis" }, { "source_id": "who_fgs_pocket_atlas_2015", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241509299" }, { "source_id": "who_fgs_simultaneous_screening_2018", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/20-07-2018-female-genital-schistosomiasis-simultaneous-screening-of-diseases-can-improve-reproductive-health" }, { "source_id": "who_schisto_genital_manifestations_qa", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/schistosomiasis-genital-manifestations" }, { "source_id": "who_schistosomiasis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/schistosomiasis" }, { "source_id": "unaids_fgs_hiv_2019", "url": "https://www.unaids.org/en/resources/documents/2019/female_genital_schistosomiasis_and_hiv" }, { "source_id": "gw_schistosomiasis_mda_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/schistosomiasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_schisto_morbidity_research", "url": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_schistosomiasis_research", "url": "docs/cause-schistosomiasis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_deworming_ntd_research", "url": "docs/cause-deworming-ntd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-schisto-morbidity-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no FGS lesion how-to; no praziquantel dosing; no STI/cervical clinical protocols; no snail-biocide recipes.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave ER / cause_schistosomiasis owns MDA/PC themes + int_schisto_praziquantel_mda / int_schisto_snail_control / int_schisto_water_contact_wash_behavior + dated schisto bibliography \u2014 complementary FGS/FSAC systems deepening here; do not invent dual CE. Sightsavers stays deworming-live. Chlorination \u2260 schisto snail/WASH. HIV/syphilis/cervical = cross-link only.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_schistosomiasis", "cause_deworming", "cause_safe_water", "cause_hiv", "cause_syphilis", "cause_cervical_hpv", "cause_lf_mmdp", "cause_anemia" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis_c", "name": "Hepatitis C (HCV) treatment-access / DAA scale-up", "slug": "hepatitis-c-daa-scaleup", "description": "Hepatitis C screening and DAA treatment-access / price systems: HCV screening / diagnosis cascade systems, DAA treatment scale-up / decentralized care access, and DAA price / procurement / generics access systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_hepatitis (Wave DC owns HepB birth-dose / combined HBV-HCV testing-treatment thin DAA bibliography / blood-safety + general Hep bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), live immunization HepB vaccine CE (int_cci \u2014 no HCV vaccine), future cause_cirrhosis (CLD care / viral sequelae \u2014 no DAA re-home), and future cause_hiv (co-infection notes only). GiveWell: honest null \u2014 no Top Charity or dedicated HCV DAA screening / treatment / price-systems CEA found. WHO HepC fact sheet + Global hepatitis report 2026 + 2017 testing + 2018 care/treatment + dated access progress primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD bibliography-only (never invent CE). No medical advice / DAA regimens as how-to. See docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Complementary Wave HN `cause_hepatitis_b` deepens HepB-BD / blood-safety systems (\u2260 HCV DAA) \u2014 do **not** invent dual CE; see docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md. Complementary Wave IH `cause_hepatitis_a` deepens HepA vaccine systems (**\u2260 HCV DAA**) \u2014 see docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis C", "HCV", "HepC", "HCV DAA", "direct-acting antivirals HCV", "hepatitis C cure access", "HCV screening cascade", "HCV treatment scale-up", "DAA procurement", "pan-genotypic DAA access" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis C charity GiveWell", "HCV DAA cost-effectiveness donate", "hepatitis C treatment access Better World", "WHO hepatitis C elimination DAA scale-up", "HCV screening cascade systems", "hepatitis C vs hepatitis B pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_c_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-c" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hepatitis_report_2026", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240122383" }, { "source_id": "who_hcv_care_treatment_guidelines_2018", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550345" }, { "source_id": "who_hbv_hcv_testing_guidelines_2017", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241549981" }, { "source_id": "who_hcv_access_progress_report", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-CDS-HIV-18.18" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_hcv", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cirrhosis_research", "url": "docs/cause-cirrhosis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hiv_research", "url": "docs/cause-hiv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no DAA regimen how-to / dosing tables; no assay SOPs or individual treatment decisions.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave DC / cause_hepatitis owns HepB birth-dose / combined testing-treatment / blood-safety \u2014 complementary HCV screening + DAA scale-up / price systems here; do not invent dual CE. Immunization owns HepB vaccine CE (no effective HCV vaccine). Wave EB cirrhosis owns CLD care / sequelae linkage \u2014 do not re-home DAA. HIV pack owns co-infection notes only. Wave HN cause_hepatitis_b = HepB-BD / blood-safety systems deepening \u2014 \u2260 HCV; no dual CE.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_hepatitis", "cause_cirrhosis", "cause_hiv", "cause_alcohol_tobacco", "cause_immunization", "cause_thalassemia", "cause_hepatitis_b" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_japanese_encephalitis", "name": "Japanese encephalitis / arboviral encephalitis vaccine systems", "slug": "japanese-encephalitis-vaccine-systems", "description": "Japanese encephalitis (JE) / arboviral encephalitis vaccine systems: JE vaccine introduction into endemic-area schedules, one-time catch-up campaign systems, and AEFI surveillance systems around JE campaigns/routine introduction. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated JE vaccine CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; vaccines-strategy posts stay immunization context. WHO JE fact sheet (Aug 2024) + IVB campaign-then-routine strategy + 2015 position paper primary for programme shape; Gavi JE portfolio page bibliography-only (no org_gavi). Cross-link meningitis (Wave DU \u2014 bacterial belt \u2260 JE flavivirus) + pandemic preparedness (adjacency) + hearing/epilepsy sequelae notes only. No medical dosing. See docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave GM dengue + Wave GQ yellow fever (`cause_yellow_fever`) \u2014 sibling arbovirus systems; JE stays JE-owned; no dual CE. See docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Japanese encephalitis", "JE vaccine", "JE catch-up campaign", "arboviral encephalitis", "Japanese encephalitis virus", "JEV", "JE AEFI", "SA14-14-2", "flavivirus encephalitis Asia" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best Japanese encephalitis charity GiveWell", "JE vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi Japanese encephalitis catch-up campaign", "JE AEFI surveillance systems Better World", "WHO Japanese encephalitis vaccine introduction" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_je_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/japanese-encephalitis" }, { "source_id": "who_ivb_je", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/japanese-encephalitis" }, { "source_id": "who_je_position_paper_2015", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9009-69-88" }, { "source_id": "gavi_je_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/japanese-encephalitis" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_research_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "cause_japanese_encephalitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi citations only; no medical advice; no JE vaccine dosing, booster, lumbar-puncture/CSF, antiviral, or AEFI clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Bacterial meningitis belt/sequelae stay cause_meningitis. JE owns CE-null introduction / catch-up / AEFI systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Dengue Aedes IVM stays cause_dengue; yellow fever PMVC/ICG stays cause_yellow_fever \u2014 cross-link only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rabies", "name": "Rabies PEP / dog vaccination systems (human rabies / One Health)", "slug": "rabies-pep-dog-vaccination-systems", "description": "Human rabies prevention via post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) access/readiness systems, dog mass vaccination coverage systems, and integrated bite-case surveillance toward Zero by 30 / One Health elimination of dog-mediated human rabies deaths. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE; dog MDV \u2260 human EPI CE), future cause_snakebite (Wave DH owns antivenom access \u2014 \u2260 rabies immunoglobulin / PEP), future cause_animal_welfare (ACE companion/stray dog welfare is a separate lane \u2014 human rabies burden/elimination stays here; do not ingest ACE orgs), and pandemic/GCR (high-level zoonosis adjacency only; no dual-use). GiveWell: **no** dedicated rabies PEP / dog-MDV / bite-surveillance CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; vaccines-strategy posts stay immunization context. WHO rabies fact sheet + Zero by 30 + UAR + NTD roadmap primary for programme shape; Gavi human-rabies PEP vaccine support (RIG and dog vaccines not covered) bibliography-only (no org_gavi). IHME/GBD rabies burden bibliography \u2014 do not reconcile WHO ~59k / GHE ~44k / GBD ~13.7k into CE. No medical dosing / PEP regimen how-to. See docs/cause-rabies-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "rabies", "rabies PEP", "post-exposure prophylaxis rabies", "dog vaccination rabies", "mass dog vaccination", "MDV rabies", "Zero by 30", "dog-mediated rabies", "One Health rabies", "rabies immunoglobulin", "bite-case surveillance", "United Against Rabies" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best rabies charity GiveWell", "rabies PEP cost-effectiveness donate", "dog mass vaccination rabies elimination donate", "Gavi human rabies vaccine PEP", "Zero by 30 rabies Better World", "WHO rabies dog vaccination coverage systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rabies_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rabies" }, { "source_id": "who_zero_by_30", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241513838" }, { "source_id": "who_united_against_rabies", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/united-against-rabies" }, { "source_id": "who_gavi_rabies_pep_news_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/13-06-2024-gavi-to-boost-access-to-life-saving-rabies-vaccines-human-in-over-50-countries-gavi-who-and-uar" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_research_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_data_tools_guide", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/about-gbd/gbd-data-and-tools-guide" }, { "source_id": "cause_rabies_research", "url": "docs/cause-rabies-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_snakebite_research", "url": "docs/cause-snakebite-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_animal_welfare_research", "url": "docs/cause-animal-welfare-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rabies-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME/Gavi-bibliography citations only; no medical advice; no PEP regimen, wound-care, exposure-category clinical tables, ID/IM dosing, or RIG/RmAb clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Snakebite antivenom stays cause_snakebite (\u2260 RIG/PEP). ACE companion/stray dog welfare stays cause_animal_welfare. Rabies owns CE-null PEP access / dog MDV / bite-surveillance systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE with routine EPI; dog MDV \u2260 human EPI CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_yellow_fever", "name": "Yellow fever vaccine / outbreak response systems", "slug": "yellow-fever-vaccine-outbreak-systems", "description": "Yellow fever (YF) vaccination introduction / preventive mass campaign systems / ICG-style emergency stockpile & outbreak-response supply systems under the WHO Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics (EYE) programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated yellow-fever vaccine / PMVC / ICG-stockpile CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; New Incentives pages mention YF as an indirectly incentivized antigen and explicitly exclude YF child-mortality benefits from the NI CEA (immunization ownership \u2014 never invent YF BW CE). WHO YF fact sheet + IVB + EYE strategy + ICG request guidelines primary for programme shape; Gavi YF portfolio page bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD yellow-fever cause bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave GK Japanese encephalitis (sibling flavivirus vaccine systems \u2014 \u2260 YF); Wave GM dengue (Aedes IVM / dengue vaccine \u2014 dengue owns Aedes breeding themes; YF may note Aedes/Haemagogus sylvatic cycle at high level only); meningitis (bacterial belt \u2260 YF); pandemic/GCR adjacency only. No medical dosing / vaccination technique. See docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave GV cholera / OCV systems (`cause_cholera`) \u2014 cholera ICG is sibling emergency stockpile theme, separate cause; YF ICG stays here; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-cholera-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "yellow fever", "YF vaccine", "yellow fever PMVC", "preventive mass vaccination campaign yellow fever", "EYE strategy", "Eliminate Yellow Fever Epidemics", "ICG yellow fever stockpile", "yellow fever outbreak response", "17D vaccine programme", "flavivirus yellow fever Africa Americas" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best yellow fever charity GiveWell", "yellow fever vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi yellow fever mass campaign ICG stockpile", "WHO EYE strategy yellow fever Better World", "yellow fever outbreak vaccine stockpile systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_yf_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yellow-fever" }, { "source_id": "who_ivb_yf", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/yellow-fever" }, { "source_id": "who_eye_strategy", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/eye-strategy" }, { "source_id": "gavi_yf_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/yellow-fever" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_yellow_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no YF vaccine dosing schedules, vaccination technique, clinical management how-to, or outbreak attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). JE vaccine systems stay cause_japanese_encephalitis. Dengue Aedes IVM / dengue vaccine stay cause_dengue when present. Bacterial meningitis belt stays cause_meningitis. YF owns CE-null introduction / PMVC / ICG-stockpile systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Cholera OCV ICG stays cause_cholera (Wave GV sibling).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_dengue", "name": "Dengue fever / Aedes-borne systems", "slug": "dengue-aedes-systems", "description": "Dengue fever and Aedes-borne systems: dengue vaccine programme access (TAK-003/Qdenga programme shape \u2014 no dosing), integrated vector management / Aedes aegypti\u2013albopictus breeding-site systems (high-level environmental management \u2014 no insecticide recipes or dual-use vector engineering), and dengue case-detection & care-access systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_japanese_encephalitis (Wave GK owns JE introduction/catch-up/AEFI \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), live cause_malaria (Anopheles ITN/SMC/IRS/PMC \u2014 \u2260 Aedes; never invent dual CE), and live cause_immunization (Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE stay immunization \u2014 never invent dual CE). Sibling yellow fever / Zika / chikungunya = future adjacency notes only (no parallel stubs this wave). GiveWell: honest null \u2014 no Top Charity or dedicated dengue vaccine / Aedes IVM / dengue care-access CEA found. WHO dengue fact sheet + vaccines Q&A / May 2024 position + TAK-003 PQ + GVCR / Global Arbovirus Initiative primary for programme shape; Gavi VIS 2024 dengue conditional bibliography-only (Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD dengue bibliography-only (never invent CE). No medical advice / dosing / clinical how-to / vector-engineering SOPs. See docs/cause-dengue-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "dengue", "dengue fever", "severe dengue", "break-bone fever", "Aedes aegypti", "Aedes albopictus", "Aedes-borne", "TAK-003", "Qdenga", "dengue vaccine programme", "dengue IVM", "Aedes breeding sites", "DENV" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best dengue charity GiveWell", "dengue vaccine Qdenga TAK-003 donate", "Aedes vector control Better World", "dengue vs malaria nets pack", "dengue vs Japanese encephalitis pack", "WHO dengue integrated vector management", "Gavi dengue VIS Better World bibliography" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_dengue_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue" }, { "source_id": "who_dengue_vaccines_qa", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/dengue-vaccines" }, { "source_id": "who_dengue_vaccines_position_may_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer-9918-203-224" }, { "source_id": "who_tak003_prequalification_news_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/15-05-2024-who-prequalifies-new-dengue-vaccine" }, { "source_id": "who_gvcr_2017_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241512978" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vis_2024", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/strategy/vaccine-investment-strategy-2024" }, { "source_id": "cause_dengue_research", "url": "docs/cause-dengue-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_japanese_encephalitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-dengue-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no dengue vaccine dosing schedules; no clinical case-management how-to; no insecticide recipes; no Wolbachia/gene-drive/dual-use vector engineering SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave GK / cause_japanese_encephalitis owns JE vaccine introduction/catch-up/AEFI \u2014 complementary dengue/Aedes here; no dual CE. Wave BY / cause_malaria owns Anopheles ITN/SMC/IRS/PMC \u2014 Anopheles \u2260 Aedes. Wave BZ / cause_immunization owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE \u2014 no dual dengue vaccine CE. Yellow fever / Zika / chikungunya = sibling Aedes notes only (no parallel packs Wave GM).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_japanese_encephalitis", "cause_malaria", "cause_immunization", "cause_pandemic_preparedness", "cause_climate", "cause_gcr" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_chikungunya_zika", "name": "Chikungunya / Zika Aedes-sibling systems", "slug": "chikungunya-zika-aedes-sibling-systems", "description": "Chikungunya and Zika as Aedes-sibling arbovirus systems beyond Wave GM dengue: chikungunya vaccine programme-readiness (WHO reviewing two regulatory-approved products not yet in widespread use \u2014 no dosing), Zika congenital syndrome (CZS) surveillance & pregnancy programme-access systems (programme/surveillance only \u2014 no pregnancy clinical how-to), and shared chik\u2013Zika surveillance & lab-access systems under Global Arbovirus Initiative framing. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_dengue (Wave GM owns dengue vaccine + Aedes IVM / breeding-site CE themes \u2014 cross-link IVM only; never duplicate IVM CE), future cause_yellow_fever (Wave GQ owns YF vaccine/PMVC/ICG \u2014 \u2260 chik/Zika), future cause_japanese_encephalitis (Wave GK Culex JE \u2260 Aedes chik/Zika), and live cause_immunization (Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE stay immunization \u2014 never invent dual CE). Maternal packs: CZS programme adjacency only. GiveWell: honest null \u2014 no Top Charity or dedicated chikungunya / Zika / CZS CEA found. WHO chikungunya + Zika fact sheets + Global Arbovirus Initiative primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD bibliography-only (never invent CE). No medical advice / dosing / pregnancy clinical how-to / vector-engineering SOPs. Combined stub intentional (shared Aedes platform) \u2014 see docs/cause-chikungunya-zika-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Wave HG `cause_rubella` complementary: **CRS \u2260 CZS** (different etiology; congenital-syndrome programme theme cross-link only).", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "chikungunya", "CHIKV", "Zika", "Zika virus", "congenital Zika syndrome", "CZS", "Zika microcephaly", "Aedes sibling arboviruses", "chikungunya vaccine readiness", "Zika surveillance", "chik Zika lab access" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best chikungunya charity GiveWell", "Zika congenital syndrome donate", "chikungunya vaccine cost-effectiveness", "Zika vs dengue pack Better World", "Aedes chikungunya Zika systems", "WHO Global Arbovirus Initiative chik Zika", "CZS surveillance programme access" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_chikungunya_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/chikungunya" }, { "source_id": "who_zika_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/zika-virus" }, { "source_id": "who_global_arbovirus_initiative", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/global-arbovirus-initiative" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_chikungunya_zika_research", "url": "docs/cause-chikungunya-zika-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_dengue_research", "url": "docs/cause-dengue-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_yellow_fever_research", "url": "docs/cause-yellow-fever-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_japanese_encephalitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-japanese-encephalitis-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-chikungunya-zika-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no chikungunya vaccine dosing; no Zika pregnancy clinical / fetal-medicine how-to beyond public-health programme and surveillance access; no insecticide recipes; no Wolbachia/gene-drive/dual-use vector engineering SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave GM / cause_dengue owns dengue vaccine + Aedes IVM / breeding-site CE themes \u2014 cross-link IVM only; no duplicate. Wave GQ / cause_yellow_fever owns YF vaccine/PMVC/ICG \u2014 \u2260 chik/Zika. Wave GK / cause_japanese_encephalitis = Culex JE \u2260 Aedes chik/Zika. Wave BZ / cause_immunization owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE \u2014 no dual CE. Combined cause_chikungunya_zika intentional (shared Aedes sibling systems). Wave HG cause_rubella CRS \u2260 Zika CZS (different etiology; programme-theme cross-link only).", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_dengue", "cause_yellow_fever", "cause_japanese_encephalitis", "cause_immunization", "cause_maternal_neonatal", "cause_malaria", "cause_pandemic_preparedness", "cause_climate", "cause_rubella" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_cholera", "name": "Cholera / oral cholera vaccine (OCV) systems", "slug": "cholera-ocv-systems", "description": "Cholera-specific oral cholera vaccine (OCV) preventive campaign systems (hotspots / PAMIs), ICG-style emergency stockpile / outbreak-response supply systems, and outbreak surveillance / early-detection systems under the WHO / GTFCC Ending Cholera 2030 programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to Wave CG diarrhea (owns ORS/zinc + thin int_cholera_oral_vaccine + CHoBI7 \u2014 never invent dual CE), Wave BQ water/sanitation (owns broader WASH / live int_chlorination \u2014 cholera WASH notes cross-link only), Wave BZ immunization (owns Gavi bibliography + routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 OCV campaign \u2260 routine EPI CE), and Wave GQ yellow fever (owns YF ICG \u2014 cholera ICG is sibling emergency stockpile theme, separate cause). GiveWell: **no** dedicated cholera / OCV campaign / ICG-stockpile CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; cite diarrhea ORS/zinc + CHoBI7 adjacency only (Wave CG ownership). WHO cholera fact sheet + ICG cholera stockpile + GTFCC roadmap primary for programme shape; Gavi OCV portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD cholera cause bibliography-only. Pandemic/GCR adjacency only. No medical dosing / clinical rehydration how-to. See docs/cause-cholera-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave GW typhoid / TCV systems (`cause_typhoid`) \u2014 OCV/ICG \u2260 TCV enteric sibling; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-typhoid-research.md. Cross-link Wave HC rotavirus / RVV systems (`cause_rotavirus` future) \u2014 RVV \u2260 OCV; enteric sibling only; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "cholera", "oral cholera vaccine", "OCV", "OCV stockpile", "ICG cholera", "GTFCC", "Ending Cholera 2030", "cholera hotspot", "PAMI cholera", "cholera outbreak response", "preventive cholera vaccination" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best cholera charity GiveWell", "oral cholera vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi OCV stockpile ICG cholera", "WHO GTFCC Ending Cholera Better World", "cholera outbreak vaccine stockpile systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_cholera_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cholera" }, { "source_id": "who_icg_cholera_stockpile", "url": "https://www.who.int/groups/icg/cholera/stockpiles" }, { "source_id": "gavi_ocv_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/oral-cholera" }, { "source_id": "gtfcc_roadmap_2030", "url": "https://www.gtfcc.org/our-work/roadmap-2030/" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_cholera_research", "url": "docs/cause-cholera-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diarrhea_research", "url": "docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-cholera-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no OCV dosing schedules, clinical rehydration how-to, antibiotic regimens, or outbreak attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "ORS/zinc + thin int_cholera_oral_vaccine + CHoBI7 stay cause_diarrhea (Wave CG). Broader WASH / int_chlorination stay cause_water_sanitation. Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi ownership stays cause_immunization (OCV campaign \u2260 routine EPI CE). YF ICG stays cause_yellow_fever (sibling stockpile, separate cause). Cholera owns CE-null preventive OCV campaign / ICG-stockpile / surveillance systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. OCV \u2260 TCV (Wave GW typhoid owns TCV systems \u2014 enteric sibling, separate cause).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_typhoid", "name": "Typhoid / typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) systems", "slug": "typhoid-tcv-systems", "description": "Typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) introduction systems (routine endemic childhood schedules), catch-up campaign systems (alongside introduction), and outbreak-response TCV supply / coordination systems under WHO SAGE / position-paper programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to Wave CG diarrhea (owns ORS/zinc + thin OCV + CHoBI7 \u2014 \u2260 TCV; never invent dual CE), Wave GV cholera (owns OCV preventive / ICG stockpile / cholera surveillance \u2014 enteric sibling OCV \u2260 TCV), Wave BZ immunization (owns Gavi bibliography + routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 TCV introduction complementary; no dual CE), and Wave BQ water/sanitation (owns broader WASH / live int_chlorination \u2014 typhoid WASH notes cross-link only). GiveWell: **no** dedicated typhoid / TCV introduction / catch-up / outbreak CEA or Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; vaccines strategy stays immunization adjacency. WHO typhoid fact sheet + IVB + position papers (incl. Aug 2026 WER) primary for programme shape; Gavi TCV portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD typhoid fever cause bibliography-only. Pandemic/AMR adjacency only. No medical dosing / clinical antibiotic how-to. See docs/cause-typhoid-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave HC rotavirus / RVV systems (`cause_rotavirus` future) \u2014 RVV \u2260 TCV; enteric sibling only; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "typhoid", "typhoid fever", "typhoid conjugate vaccine", "TCV", "Salmonella Typhi", "typhoid catch-up", "typhoid outbreak vaccine", "Typbar-TCV", "enteric fever vaccine" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best typhoid charity GiveWell", "typhoid conjugate vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi TCV introduction catch-up", "WHO typhoid SAGE Better World", "typhoid outbreak vaccine response systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_typhoid_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/typhoid" }, { "source_id": "who_ivb_typhoid", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/typhoid" }, { "source_id": "gavi_tcv_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/typhoid" }, { "source_id": "who_typhoid_position_papers_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/policies/position-papers/typhoid" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_typhoid_research", "url": "docs/cause-typhoid-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-typhoid-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no TCV dosing schedules, antibiotic regimens, blood-culture diagnostic how-to, or outbreak attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "ORS/zinc + thin int_cholera_oral_vaccine + CHoBI7 stay cause_diarrhea (Wave CG) \u2014 \u2260 TCV. OCV preventive / ICG / cholera surveillance stay cause_cholera (Wave GV) \u2014 OCV \u2260 TCV. Broader WASH / int_chlorination stay cause_safe_water. Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi ownership stays cause_immunization (TCV introduction complementary; no dual CE with live int_cci). YF ICG / JE catch-up stay their causes (sibling themes). Typhoid owns CE-null TCV introduction / catch-up / outbreak-response systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_measles", "name": "Measles SIAs / outbreak response systems", "slug": "measles-sias-outbreak-response-systems", "description": "Measles supplementary immunization activity (SIA) campaign systems, outbreak response immunization (ORI) systems, and measles surveillance & laboratory-access systems (Global Measles and Rubella Laboratory Network / GMRLN programme shape) under WHO Measles and Rubella Strategic Framework / IA2030. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci + thin draft int_immunization_measles_sia \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated measles-SIA / ORI / GMRLN Top Charity found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; older GiveWell Supplementary Immunization Activities to Prevent Measles intervention report is cross-link / quarantine only (early-stage CEA cells never BW CE). WHO measles fact sheet + MRSF + SIA field guide + GMRLN + 2024/2025 burden news primary for programme shape; Gavi measles/MR portfolio page bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD measles cause bibliography-only. Cross-link meningitis (bacterial belt \u2260 measles); pandemic/GCR adjacency only; YF/cholera sibling campaign themes stay separate causes. No medical dosing / vaccination technique. See docs/cause-measles-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Wave HG `cause_rubella` complementary for RCV introduction / CRS surveillance \u2014 **rubella \u2260 measles SIAs** (MR campaign adjacency cross-link only).", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "measles", "measles SIA", "measles supplementary immunization activities", "measles outbreak response immunization", "measles ORI", "measles rubella partnership", "M&RP", "GMRLN", "measles laboratory network", "MCV campaign", "measles catch-up campaign" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best measles charity GiveWell", "measles SIA cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi measles outbreak response fund", "WHO measles GMRLN surveillance Better World", "measles supplementary immunization campaign systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_measles_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/measles" }, { "source_id": "who_gmrln", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/Immunization-data-and-decision-making/surveillance/surveillance-for-vpds/laboratory-networks/measles-and-rubella-laboratory-network" }, { "source_id": "gavi_measles_mr_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/measles-measles-rubella" }, { "source_id": "gw_measles_sia_intervention_report", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/supplementary-immunization-prevent-measles" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_measles_research", "url": "docs/cause-measles-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-measles-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no measles vaccine dosing schedules, vaccination technique, clinical management how-to, outbreak attack playbooks, or laboratory SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership + thin int_immunization_measles_sia stay cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Bacterial meningitis belt stays cause_meningitis. YF PMVC/ICG stays cause_yellow_fever; cholera OCV/ICG stays cause_cholera. Measles owns CE-null SIA / ORI / surveillance-lab systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Polio nOPV/SIA/GPLN stays cause_polio (Wave GZ) \u2014 sibling SIA/lab theme; \u2260 measles. Wave HG cause_rubella owns RCV introduction / CRS surveillance \u2014 \u2260 measles SIA/ORI (MR adjacency only).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_polio", "name": "Polio / nOPV / cVDPV systems", "slug": "polio-nopv-cvdpv-systems", "description": "Polio eradication endgame systems beyond routine EPI: nOPV2 / cVDPV outbreak-response immunization systems, endemic WPV interruption / supplementary campaign systems, and AFP / environmental surveillance & Global Polio Laboratory Network (GPLN) laboratory-access systems under WHO Polio Eradication Strategy / fact-sheet programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci; NI OPV/IPV indirectly incentivized antigens stay immunization \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated polio / nOPV / cVDPV / eradication Top Charity or completed CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; 2016 GiveWell vaccines blog incomplete-CEA note is cross-link / quarantine only. WHO poliomyelitis fact sheet + strategy 2022\u20132026 + nOPV2 PQ news primary for programme shape; Gavi IPV portfolio + GPEI strategy/GPLN pages bibliography-only (no org_gavi / org_gpei); IHME/GBD poliomyelitis bibliography-only. Cross-link measles (sibling SIA/lab \u2260 polio); meningitis (bacterial belt \u2260 polio); pandemic/GCR PHEIC adjacency only; YF/cholera sibling campaign themes stay separate causes. No medical dosing / vaccination technique. See docs/cause-polio-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "polio", "poliomyelitis", "nOPV2", "novel oral polio vaccine", "cVDPV", "circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus", "GPEI", "Global Polio Eradication Initiative", "GPLN", "Global Polio Laboratory Network", "wild poliovirus", "WPV", "AFP surveillance", "polio outbreak response" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best polio charity GiveWell", "nOPV2 outbreak response cost-effectiveness donate", "GPEI polio eradication GiveWell CEA", "WHO GPLN surveillance Better World", "cVDPV2 novel oral polio vaccine systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_polio_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/poliomyelitis" }, { "source_id": "who_nopv2_pq_news_2026", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/13-02-2026-who-prequalifies-additional-novel-oral-polio-vaccine" }, { "source_id": "who_polio_eradication_strategy_2022_2026", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240031937" }, { "source_id": "gavi_ipv_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/inactivated-polio-vaccine" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_blog_2016", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2016/07/06/dont-currently-recommend-charities-focused-vaccine-distribution/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_polio_research", "url": "docs/cause-polio-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-polio-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/GPEI/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no polio vaccine dosing schedules, multi-dose vial / cold-chain technique, clinical management how-to, outbreak attack playbooks, or laboratory SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi IPV-in-RI / NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography; NI OPV/IPV incidental). Measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN stays cause_measles (sibling SIA theme). Bacterial meningitis belt stays cause_meningitis. YF PMVC/ICG stays cause_yellow_fever; cholera OCV/ICG stays cause_cholera. Polio owns CE-null nOPV2 / endemic WPV campaign / surveillance-GPLN systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hib", "name": "Hib conjugate vaccine systems", "slug": "hib-conjugate-vaccine-systems", "description": "Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine introduction systems, Hib catch-up / coverage-recovery systems, and Hib meningitis\u2013pneumonia programme systems under WHO Hib position-paper / IVB programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci, including Penta/Hib incidental modeling \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated Hib Top Charity or Hib-introduction CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; NI Penta/Hib cells stay immunization cross-link/quarantine. WHO Hib position paper (WER 2013) + IVB + standardization primary for programme shape; Gavi pentavalent / Hib profile bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD LRI/meningitis pathogen attribution bibliography-only. Cross-link pneumonia (case management/oxygen/CCM stay cause_pneumonia; **Hib \u2260 PCV**); meningitis (bacterial belt/MenA \u2260 Hib \u2014 Hib meningitis programme cross-link only); measles/polio SIAs \u2260 Hib intro. No medical dosing / clinical antibiotic how-to. See docs/cause-hib-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave HK PCV systems (`cause_pcv`) \u2014 **Hib \u2260 PCV**; each owns CE-null conjugate systems deepening only; cross-link only. See docs/cause-pcv-research.md. Cross-link Wave HP MenA / meningococcal systems (`cause_meningococcal`) \u2014 **Hib \u2260 MenA**; each owns CE-null conjugate systems deepening only; cross-link only. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md. Cross-link Wave IP `cause_diphtheria` \u2014 **Hib \u2260 diphtheria systems** despite shared Penta; cross-link only. See docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Hib", "Haemophilus influenzae type b", "Hib conjugate vaccine", "Hib vaccine introduction", "pentavalent Hib", "Hib catch-up", "Hib meningitis pneumonia programme" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best Hib vaccine charity GiveWell", "Hib conjugate vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi pentavalent Hib introduction Better World", "WHO Hib position paper programme systems", "Hib meningitis pneumonia vaccine systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hib_position_paper_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/policies/position-papers/haemophilus-influenzae-type-b" }, { "source_id": "who_hib_wer_2013", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer8839-413-426" }, { "source_id": "gavi_pentavalent_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/pentavalent" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_sep_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives/september-2024-version" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_hib_research", "url": "docs/cause-hib-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hib-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no Hib vaccine dosing schedules, vaccination technique, clinical antibiotic how-to, or meningitis/pneumonia clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership including Penta/Hib incidental CE stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Pneumonia case management / oxygen / CCM / amox stay cause_pneumonia (Hib \u2260 PCV). Bacterial meningitis belt / MenA stay cause_meningitis. Measles/polio SIAs stay cause_measles / cause_polio. Hib owns CE-null conjugate introduction / catch-up / meningitis\u2013pneumonia programme systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Wave HK cause_pcv \u2014 Hib \u2260 PCV; cross-link only. Wave HP cause_meningococcal \u2014 Hib \u2260 MenA; cross-link only. Wave IO cause_pertussis \u2014 pertussis systems \u2260 Hib (Penta adjacency only).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rotavirus", "name": "Rotavirus vaccine (RVV) systems", "slug": "rotavirus-rvv-systems", "description": "Rotavirus vaccine (RVV) introduction systems, catch-up systems for missed/delayed/interrupted series in eligible young children, and cold-chain & AEFI/surveillance systems around RVV scale-up under WHO IVB / July 2021 position-paper programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci, including NI rotavirus indirect-benefit cells \u2014 never invent dual CE) and Wave CG diarrhea (owns ORS/zinc + thin OCV + CHoBI7 \u2014 \u2260 RVV; never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated rotavirus vaccine / RVV introduction / catch-up / cold-chain Top Charity or systems CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; vaccines-strategy posts stay immunization context. WHO rotavirus fact sheet + IVB + July 2021 position paper primary for programme shape; Gavi rotavirus portfolio page bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD diarrhoeal aetiology bibliography-only. Cross-link cholera OCV (Wave GV) and typhoid TCV (Wave GW) as enteric siblings \u2260 RVV; water WASH cross-link only (Wave BQ). No medical dosing / clinical rehydration how-to. See docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "rotavirus", "rotavirus vaccine", "RVV", "rotavirus gastroenteritis", "RVGE", "Rotarix", "RotaTeq", "Rotavac", "RotaSiil", "rotavirus introduction", "rotavirus catch-up" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best rotavirus vaccine charity GiveWell", "rotavirus RVV cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi rotavirus introduction Better World", "WHO rotavirus vaccine systems", "rotavirus cold chain surveillance catch-up" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rotavirus_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rotavirus-infections" }, { "source_id": "who_ivb_rotavirus", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/rotavirus" }, { "source_id": "who_rotavirus_position_paper_2021", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-WER9628/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_rotavirus_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/rotavirus" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_immunization_adjacency", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_rotavirus_research", "url": "docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_diarrhea_research", "url": "docs/cause-diarrhea-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rotavirus-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no rotavirus vaccine dosing schedules, product clinical recipes, clinical rehydration how-to, intussusception management protocols, or AEFI clinical how-to. ORS/zinc treatment stays diarrhea pack.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership (including NI rotavirus indirect-benefit cells) stay cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). ORS/zinc + thin OCV + CHoBI7 stay cause_diarrhea. OCV systems stay cause_cholera; TCV systems stay cause_typhoid. Broader WASH / chlorination stay cause_safe_water. Rotavirus owns CE-null RVV introduction / catch-up / cold-chain & surveillance systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rubella", "name": "Rubella / CRS systems (vaccine introduction & surveillance)", "slug": "rubella-crs-systems", "description": "Rubella-containing vaccine (RCV / MR) introduction systems, congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) surveillance & programme-access systems, and rubella/CRS case-based & laboratory-access systems under WHO rubella fact sheet / position paper / CRS surveillance standards / MRSF / IA2030. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci + MR/MMR bibliography \u2014 never invent dual CE). Complementary to Wave GY measles (owns measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN deepening \u2014 rubella \u2260 measles SIAs; MR campaign adjacency cross-link only). GiveWell: **no** dedicated rubella / CRS Top Charity or completed CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; older GW measles\u2013rubella SIA notes stay measles/immunization cross-link quarantine. WHO rubella fact sheet + July 2020 position paper + Sep 2024 SAGE universal-introduction update + CRS VPD surveillance standards primary; Gavi measles/MR portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave GT chik/Zika (CZS \u2260 CRS \u2014 different etiology; congenital-syndrome programme theme only) + maternal packs (CRS programme adjacency only \u2014 no pregnancy clinical how-to). No medical dosing / pregnancy clinical how-to. See docs/cause-rubella-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "rubella", "German measles", "congenital rubella syndrome", "CRS", "rubella containing vaccine", "RCV", "measles-rubella introduction", "MR introduction", "CRS surveillance", "rubella elimination" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best rubella CRS charity GiveWell", "rubella vaccine introduction cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi measles rubella CRS Better World", "WHO congenital rubella syndrome surveillance", "rubella RCV introduction systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rubella_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rubella" }, { "source_id": "who_rubella_position_paper_2020", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-WER9527" }, { "source_id": "who_crs_surveillance_standards", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/vaccine-preventable-diseases-surveillance-standards-crs" }, { "source_id": "gavi_measles_mr_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/measles-measles-rubella" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_rubella_research", "url": "docs/cause-rubella-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rubella-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no rubella vaccine dosing schedules, vaccination technique, pregnancy clinical management how-to, CRS clinical diagnostic protocols, or laboratory SOPs.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI + MR/MMR bibliography ownership stay cause_immunization (live int_cci \u2014 no dual CE). Wave GY cause_measles owns measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN deepening \u2014 rubella \u2260 measles SIAs (MR campaign adjacency cross-link only). Wave GT cause_chikungunya_zika owns CZS \u2014 \u2260 CRS (different etiology; congenital-syndrome programme theme only). Maternal packs for CRS programme adjacency only \u2014 no pregnancy clinical how-to. Rubella owns CE-null RCV introduction / CRS surveillance / lab-casebased systems only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pcv", "name": "PCV / pneumococcal conjugate vaccine systems", "slug": "pcv-pneumococcal-conjugate-vaccine-systems", "description": "Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) introduction systems, PCV catch-up / coverage-recovery systems, and PCV pneumonia\u2013meningitis programme systems under WHO PCV position-paper / IVB / GAPPD programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci, including PCV on the NI directly incentivized schedule \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated PCV Top Charity or PCV-introduction CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; NI PCV cells stay immunization cross-link/quarantine. WHO PCV position paper (Sep 2025 WER; prior Feb 2019) + IVB + standardization + product-choice primary for programme shape; Gavi pneumococcal / AMC portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD LRI/meningitis pathogen attribution bibliography-only. Cross-link pneumonia (case management/oxygen/CCM stay cause_pneumonia; **PCV \u2260 care**); Hib (Wave HD; **Hib \u2260 PCV**); meningitis (bacterial belt/MenA \u2260 PCV pneumococcal programme \u2014 PCV meningitis programme cross-link only). No medical dosing / clinical antibiotic how-to. See docs/cause-pcv-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave HP MenA / meningococcal systems (`cause_meningococcal`) \u2014 **PCV \u2260 MenA**; each owns CE-null conjugate systems deepening only; cross-link only. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "PCV", "pneumococcal conjugate vaccine", "pneumococcus vaccine", "PCV introduction", "PCV catch-up", "pneumococcal AMC", "PCV pneumonia meningitis programme" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best PCV vaccine charity GiveWell", "pneumococcal conjugate vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi PCV AMC introduction Better World", "WHO PCV position paper programme systems", "PCV pneumonia meningitis vaccine systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_pcv_position_paper_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/policies/position-papers/pneumococcus" }, { "source_id": "who_pcv_wer_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer10039-411-437" }, { "source_id": "gavi_pcv_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/pneumococcal" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_sep_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives/september-2024-version" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_pcv_research", "url": "docs/cause-pcv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-pcv-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no PCV dosing schedules, vaccination technique, clinical antibiotic how-to, or pneumonia/meningitis clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership including PCV incidental CE stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Pneumonia case management / oxygen / CCM / amox stay cause_pneumonia (PCV \u2260 care). Hib conjugate systems stay cause_hib (Hib \u2260 PCV). Bacterial meningitis belt / MenA stay cause_meningitis. Sibling vaccine SIAs stay measles/polio/rotavirus/rubella. PCV owns CE-null conjugate introduction / catch-up / pneumonia\u2013meningitis programme systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Wave HP cause_meningococcal \u2014 PCV \u2260 MenA; cross-link only. Wave IO cause_pertussis \u2014 pertussis vaccine \u2260 PCV; cross-link only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hpv", "name": "HPV vaccine introduction / catch-up / vaccination-pillar systems", "slug": "hpv-vaccine-systems", "description": "HPV vaccine introduction systems, multi-age-cohort (MAC) catch-up / coverage-recovery systems, and cervical-elimination vaccination-pillar programme systems under WHO Dec 2022 HPV position paper / IVB / Elimination Initiative 90% vaccination pillar. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci + thin draft int_immunization_hpv \u2014 never invent dual CE) and future cause_cervical_hpv (Wave CX owns VIA / HPV DNA screen-and-treat + treatment access \u2014 HPV vaccine \u2260 screening CE). GiveWell: **no** HPV Top Charity; Oct 2020 HPV vaccination intervention report + early CEA stay immunization cross-link/quarantine; dedicated HPV delivery-systems CEA = honest null (Sep 2024 delivery-strengthening interest only). WHO Dec 2022 position + IVB + product-choice + schedule/single-dose news + elimination 90\u201370\u201390 vaccination pillar primary for programme shape; Gavi HPV portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD cervical-cancer burden bibliography-only. Cross-link rubella (CRS \u2260 HPV); childhood cancer \u2260 cervical HPV programme. No medical dosing / screening or treatment how-to. See docs/cause-hpv-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "HPV", "human papillomavirus vaccine", "HPV vaccine introduction", "HPV MAC catch-up", "HPV multi-age cohort", "HPV vaccination pillar", "cervical cancer elimination vaccination" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best HPV vaccine charity GiveWell", "HPV vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi HPV introduction Better World", "WHO HPV position paper programme systems", "HPV catch-up MAC cervical elimination vaccination pillar" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hpv_position_paper_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9750-645-672" }, { "source_id": "who_hpv_ivb_disease", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/human-papillomavirus-vaccines-(HPV)" }, { "source_id": "who_cervical_elimination_strategy_2020", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications-detail-redirect/9789240014107" }, { "source_id": "gavi_hpv_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/human-papillomavirus" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_hpv_vaccination", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/HPV-vaccination" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_hpv_research", "url": "docs/cause-hpv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_cervical_hpv_research", "url": "docs/cause-cervical-hpv-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hpv-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no HPV dosing schedules, vaccination technique, cervical screening technique, ablation/surgery, or individual treatment decisions.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership + thin int_immunization_hpv stay cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 HPV intro complementary; no dual CE. VIA / HPV DNA screen-and-treat / treatment access stay cause_cervical_hpv (HPV vaccine \u2260 screening CE). Rubella/CRS stay cause_rubella. Childhood cancer \u2260 cervical HPV programme. Sibling vaccine packs (measles/polio/rotavirus/Hib/PCV) \u2260 HPV intro. HPV owns CE-null introduction / MAC catch-up / vaccination-pillar programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis_b", "name": "Hepatitis B birth-dose / blood-safety systems", "slug": "hepatitis-b-birth-dose-blood-safety-systems", "description": "Hepatitis B birth-dose (HepB-BD) and blood/injection-safety systems deepening: HepB-BD introduction & timely coverage systems, HepB PMTCT / ANC HBsAg + perinatal antiviral-prophylaxis programme systems, and blood / injection-safety systems deepening. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_hepatitis (Wave DC owns thin HepB-BD / combined HBV-HCV testing-treatment / blood-safety + general Hep bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), future cause_hepatitis_c (Wave GI HCV DAA screening/scale-up/price systems \u2014 \u2260 HepB; no dual CE), live immunization HepB vaccine CE (int_cci \u2014 vaccine CE stays immunization), future cause_cirrhosis (CLD care / viral sequelae \u2014 no HepB-BD re-home), and future cause_hiv (co-infection notes only). GiveWell: honest null \u2014 no Top Charity or dedicated HepB-BD / PMTCT prophylaxis / blood-safety CEA found. WHO HepB + blood-safety fact sheets + Global hepatitis report 2026 + MTCT page primary for programme shape; Gavi HepB-BD bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD bibliography-only (never invent CE). No medical advice / dosing / vaccination how-to / blood-bank SOPs. See docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Complementary Wave IH `cause_hepatitis_a` deepens HepA vaccine systems (**\u2260 HepB-BD**) \u2014 see docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis B birth dose", "HepB-BD", "HepB birth-dose systems", "hepatitis B PMTCT", "EMTCT hepatitis B", "blood safety hepatitis B", "injection safety hepatitis B", "HepB perinatal prevention systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis B birth dose charity GiveWell", "HepB birth-dose cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO hepatitis B birth dose African Region gap", "blood safety hepatitis Better World", "hepatitis B vs hepatitis C pack", "HepB PMTCT antiviral prophylaxis systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_b_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-b" }, { "source_id": "who_blood_safety_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/blood-safety-and-availability" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hepatitis_report_2026", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240122383" }, { "source_id": "who_hepb_mtct_pmtct_page", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/hepatitis/prevention/mother-to-child-transmission-of-hepatitis-b" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/new-incentives" }, { "source_id": "gw_immunization_program_note", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/immunization" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_hepb", "url": "https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-results/" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no vaccination technique / antiviral dosing / perinatal prophylaxis regimens as how-to; no blood-bank SOPs or individual clinical decisions.", "disambiguation_note": "Wave DC / cause_hepatitis owns thin HepB-BD / combined testing-treatment / blood-safety \u2014 complementary systems deepening here; do not invent dual CE. Wave GI / cause_hepatitis_c = HCV DAA systems (\u2260 HepB). Immunization owns HepB vaccine CE (int_cci). Wave EB cirrhosis owns CLD care / sequelae \u2014 do not re-home HepB-BD. HIV pack owns co-infection notes only.", "cross_link_causes": [ "cause_hepatitis", "cause_hepatitis_c", "cause_cirrhosis", "cause_hiv", "cause_immunization", "cause_thalassemia" ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_meningococcal", "name": "MenA / meningococcal conjugate vaccine systems", "slug": "mena-meningococcal-conjugate-vaccine-systems", "description": "MenAfriVac / MenA conjugate mass-campaign systems, Men5CV / multivalent meningococcal conjugate introduction systems, and MenA/Men5CV routine consolidation & catch-up systems under WHO meningitis fact-sheet + January 2024 African meningitis-belt MMCV position-paper programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to Wave DU meningitis thin pack (belt epidemic surveillance / diagnosis\u2013treatment care access / sequelae stay cause_meningitis \u2014 never invent dual CE) and live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated MenA / MenAfriVac / Men5CV Top Charity or completed CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; Jan 2016 Meningitis A page is RFMF-stop / incomplete investigation (never invent CE from \u201csame range\u201d language). WHO fact sheet + Jan 2024 MMCV WER + Defeating Meningitis primary for programme shape; Gavi meningococcal portfolio bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD meningitis burden bibliography-only. Cross-link Hib (**Hib \u2260 MenA**) + PCV (**PCV \u2260 MenA**) + pneumonia (case management stays cause_pneumonia). No medical dosing / clinical how-to. See docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "MenA", "MenAfriVac", "MenACV", "Men5CV", "meningococcal conjugate vaccine", "multivalent meningococcal conjugate", "MMCV", "meningococcal A mass campaign", "African meningitis belt vaccine" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best MenAfriVac charity GiveWell", "MenA conjugate vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Men5CV introduction Better World", "WHO meningococcal position paper programme systems", "Gavi meningococcal campaign systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_meningitis_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/meningitis" }, { "source_id": "who_mmcv_position_paper_jan_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9901-02-1-10" }, { "source_id": "who_meningococcal_position_papers_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/policies/position-papers/meningococcal-vaccines" }, { "source_id": "gavi_meningococcal_support", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/types-support/vaccine-support/meningococcal" }, { "source_id": "gw_meningitis_a_immunization", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/meningitis-a" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_2023_meningitis_library", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/research-analysis/library/global-regional-and-national-burden-meningitis-its-risk-factors-and" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningococcal_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_meningitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-meningitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-meningococcal-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no meningococcal vaccine dosing schedules, vaccination technique, chemoprophylaxis protocols, or meningitis clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography). Bacterial meningitis-belt surveillance / care / sequelae stay cause_meningitis (Wave DU). Hib conjugate systems stay cause_hib (Hib \u2260 MenA). PCV systems stay cause_pcv (PCV \u2260 MenA). Pneumonia case management stays cause_pneumonia. Meningococcal owns CE-null MenA mass-campaign / Men5CV intro / routine\u2013catch-up systems deepening only \u2014 no dual CE.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus", "name": "Maternal / neonatal tetanus (MNT) elimination systems", "slug": "maternal-neonatal-tetanus-mnt-systems", "description": "Maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT) elimination campaign/systems: Td/TT Supplementary Immunization Activities (SIAs) in high-risk districts for women of reproductive age, clean delivery / clean cord-care systems (MNTE strategy pillar), and neonatal-tetanus (NT) surveillance / validation / maintenance systems under WHO MNTE initiative / strategies / tetanus fact sheet / WER tetanus position paper / Protecting-all guide. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns routine Td/TT / TTCV EPI CE + Gavi/NI bibliography via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). Complementary to Wave CB maternal/neonatal thin pack (owns EmONC / facility MNH / Safe Motherhood \u2014 clean delivery may appear as package components; no dual EmONC CE). Sibling adjacency to Wave FI neonatal sepsis (CHX / PSBI \u2014 CHX stays FI; no dual cord-care CE). GiveWell: **no** MNT Top Charity \u2014 honest null; Apr 2015 immunization-to-prevent-MNT intervention report + rough CEA + UNICEF MNTE charity page (declined review) = cite-only/quarantine \u2014 never invent BW CE. WHO MNTE progress/strategies/programmatic update + tetanus fact sheet primary; IHME/GBD bibliography-only; Gavi routine TTCV adjacency bibliography-only under immunization. No medical dosing / clean-delivery clinical how-to. See docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-tetanus-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave IP `cause_diphtheria` \u2014 **MNT \u2260 diphtheria toxoid programmes**; shared Td product adjacency only. See docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "maternal neonatal tetanus", "MNT", "MNTE", "neonatal tetanus", "maternal tetanus", "Td SIA", "TT SIA", "TTCV SIA", "tetanus toxoid campaign", "clean delivery tetanus", "MNT elimination" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best maternal neonatal tetanus charity GiveWell", "MNT elimination Td SIA cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO maternal neonatal tetanus elimination Better World", "UNICEF MNTE GiveWell recommendation", "neonatal tetanus clean delivery systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_tetanus_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tetanus" }, { "source_id": "who_mnte_strategies", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/maternal-and-neonatal-tetanus-elimination-(mnte)/the-strategies" }, { "source_id": "who_mnte_progress", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/maternal-and-neonatal-tetanus-elimination-(mnte)/progress-towards-global-mnt-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_tetanus_position_paper_wer9206", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-WER9206" }, { "source_id": "gw_mnt_immunization_report", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/neonatal-tetanus" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-tetanus-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-tetanus-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no Td/TT dosing schedules, vaccination technique, clean-delivery clinical protocols, cord-care product how-to, or NT clinical diagnostic protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine Td/TT / TTCV EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stay cause_immunization (live int_cci \u2014 no dual CE). Wave CB cause_maternal_neonatal owns EmONC / facility MNH / Safe Motherhood \u2014 clean delivery as package components only (no dual EmONC CE). Wave FI cause_neonatal_sepsis owns CHX / PSBI \u2014 sibling adjacency only (CHX stays FI). MNT owns CE-null Td-SIA HRD / clean-delivery-cord / NT surveillance-validation systems only. Wave IO cause_pertussis \u2014 pertussis aP/wP \u2260 MNT/Td\u2013TT; cross-link only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_smc", "name": "Malaria SMC / seasonal chemoprevention systems", "slug": "malaria-smc-seasonal-chemoprevention-systems", "description": "Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) campaign delivery & coverage systems, SMC geographic expansion & seasonal targeting systems, and related chemoprevention delivery systems (IPTp pregnancy programme-access; IPTsc/PDMC adjacency under WHO preventive-chemotherapy family). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin PMC/IRS drafts \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell SMC Top Charity CE by reference only; drafts CE null). Cross-link pneumonia (case management stays cause_pneumonia) + maternal (EmONC stays cause_maternal_neonatal; IPTp \u2260 EmONC CE). GiveWell: cite Malaria Consortium SMC / AMF ITN Top Charity paths by reference only \u2014 do not invent new SMC CE numbers. WHO malaria fact sheet + guidelines for malaria + SMC field guide 2nd ed. + World malaria report 2024 primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No medical dosing / SPAQ clinical how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave HV `cause_malaria_iptp` \u2014 IPTp/MiP systems deepen there (CE null); this pack keeps IPTsc/PDMC adjacency + IPTp cite-only; **no dual IPTp CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md. Cross-link Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` \u2014 PMC/perennial systems deepen there (CE null); this pack keeps seasonal SMC; **SMC \u2260 PMC**; **no dual PMC CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "SMC", "seasonal malaria chemoprevention", "SP+AQ campaigns", "IPTp", "IPTsc", "PDMC", "malaria chemoprevention delivery", "SMC coverage systems", "SMC geographic expansion" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best SMC charity GiveWell Malaria Consortium", "seasonal malaria chemoprevention cost-effectiveness donate", "SMC campaign delivery systems Better World", "WHO SMC field guide programme systems", "IPTp chemoprevention Better World adjacency" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_smc_field_guide_2ed", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240073692" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_mc_smc_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/malaria-consortium" }, { "source_id": "gw_smc_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/seasonal-malaria-chemoprevention" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_smc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_iptp_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-smc-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no antimalarial dosing schedules, SPAQ regimens as instructions, chemoprevention clinical how-to, or campaign attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_smc / int_itn / Malaria Consortium / AMF Top Charity CE ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY). Wave BY thin PMC/IRS drafts stay malaria-owned \u2014 do not re-home. Pneumonia case management stays cause_pneumonia. Maternal EmONC stays cause_maternal_neonatal (IPTp \u2260 EmONC CE). Malaria SMC systems owns CE-null campaign-delivery / geographic-expansion / related-chemoprevention deepening only \u2014 no dual CE. Wave HV `cause_malaria_iptp` owns dedicated IPTp / MiP ANC systems deepen (CE-null) \u2014 HT related-chemoprevention draft keeps IPTp as SMC-adjacent bibliography only; **SMC \u2260 IPTp**; **no dual IPTp CE**. Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` owns dedicated PMC systems deepen (CE-null) \u2014 **SMC \u2260 PMC**; **no dual PMC CE**.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_iptp", "name": "IPTp / malaria in pregnancy systems", "slug": "malaria-iptp-mip-systems", "description": "Intermittent preventive treatment in pregnancy (IPTp) and malaria-in-pregnancy (MiP) ANC delivery systems: IPTp-SP via antenatal-care contacts, community c-IPTp complementary delivery, and MiP programme integration (ITN promotion linkage + IPTp + case-management pathways) under WHO Guidelines for malaria / June 2022 chemoprevention update / January 2024 c-IPTp field guide / World malaria report coverage framing. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns ITN/AMF and SMC/Malaria Consortium GiveWell CE \u2014 never invent dual CE). Wave HT childhood SMC systems deepening \u2014 \u2260 IPTp. Wave CB maternal thin pack \u2014 EmONC/facility MNH cross-link only (no dual EmONC CE). GiveWell: **no** IPTp Top Charity \u2014 honest null; published IPTp intervention report preliminary CEA (Oct 2018 / May 2023 page; model Oct 2018 / Apr 2023) = cite-only/quarantine \u2014 never invent BW CE. WHO IPTp/c-IPTp/WMR primary; IHME/GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / SP regimen how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` \u2014 childhood perennial PMC systems deepen there (CE null); **PMC \u2260 IPTp**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "IPTp", "IPTp-SP", "intermittent preventive treatment pregnancy", "malaria in pregnancy", "MiP", "c-IPTp", "community IPTp", "ANC malaria chemoprevention", "IPTp3" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best IPTp malaria pregnancy charity GiveWell", "intermittent preventive treatment pregnancy cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO IPTp coverage Better World", "community IPTp c-IPTp GiveWell recommendation", "malaria in pregnancy ANC systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_iptp_intervention_report", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/intermittent-preventive-treatment-malaria-pregnancy" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "who_chemoprevention_update_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/03-06-2022-Updated-WHO-recommendations-for-malaria-chemoprevention-among-children-and-pregnant-women" }, { "source_id": "who_ciptp_field_guide", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240086272" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_malaria", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-for-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2024" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_iptp_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-iptp-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no SP dosing schedules, DOT technique, gestational-age clinical protocols, or individual malaria treatment regimens.", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns ITN (AMF) and SMC (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell CE \u2014 no dual CE. Wave HT childhood SMC systems \u2260 IPTp. Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` owns PMC systems deepen (CE null); Wave BY thin PMC/IRS/vaccines stay malaria \u2014 \u2260 IPTp. Wave CB cause_maternal_neonatal owns EmONC / facility MNH \u2014 ANC platform adjacency only (no dual EmONC CE). IPTp owns CE-null ANC IPTp / c-IPTp / MiP-integration systems only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_irs", "name": "Malaria IRS / indoor residual spray systems", "slug": "malaria-irs-indoor-residual-spray-systems", "description": "Indoor residual spraying (IRS) campaign delivery & coverage systems, insecticide resistance management (IRM) systems for malaria vector control, and ITN\u2194IRS prioritization / co-deployment programme systems under WHO malaria guidelines / IRS operational manual (Feb 2024) / IRM framework / World malaria report framing. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN CE by reference only; IRS drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 no GiveWell Top Charity IRS path). Wave HT childhood SMC systems (cause_malaria_smc) \u2260 IRS. Wave HV IPTp systems (cause_malaria_iptp) \u2260 IRS. Dengue Aedes IVM \u2260 Anopheles IRS. WHO fact sheet (ITNs+IRS core vector control) + guidelines + IRS operational manual + IRM framework + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; GiveWell ITN/resistance/AMF pages context; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No pesticide how-to / spray SOPs. See docs/cause-malaria-irs-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` \u2014 PMC/perennial chemoprevention systems deepen there (CE null); **PMC \u2260 IRS**; **no dual CE**. See docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "IRS", "indoor residual spraying", "indoor residual spray", "IRM", "insecticide resistance management", "malaria vector control IRS", "residual spraying campaigns", "ITN IRS co-deployment", "Anopheles IRS" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best IRS indoor residual spraying charity GiveWell", "indoor residual spray malaria cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO IRS operational manual programme systems Better World", "insecticide resistance management malaria IRS", "ITN vs IRS prioritization GiveWell AMF" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_irs_operational_manual_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240083998" }, { "source_id": "who_irm_framework_malaria_vectors", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241512138" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_itn_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/insecticide-treated-nets" }, { "source_id": "gw_insecticide_resistance_malaria", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/insecticide-treated-nets/insecticide-resistance-malaria-control" }, { "source_id": "gw_amf_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/amf" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_irs_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-irs-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-irs-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no pesticide mixing recipes, spray-operator SOPs, insecticide target doses as instructions, or campaign attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_itn / int_smc / AMF / Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY). Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc stay malaria-owned \u2014 do not re-home. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc (SMC) \u2260 IRS. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp (IPTp) \u2260 IRS. Dengue Aedes IVM \u2260 Anopheles IRS. Malaria IRS systems owns CE-null campaign-delivery / IRM / ITN\u2194IRS prioritization deepening only \u2014 no dual CE; GiveWell AMF/ITN cite-by-reference only; IRS drafts null/unverified. Wave IB `cause_malaria_pmc` \u2014 PMC systems deepen (CE null); **PMC \u2260 IRS**; **no dual CE**.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_pmc", "name": "PMC / perennial malaria chemoprevention systems", "slug": "malaria-pmc-perennial-chemoprevention-systems", "description": "Perennial malaria chemoprevention (PMC, formerly IPTi) delivery systems: EPI-platform PMC delivery & coverage, geographic/perennial-targeting & age-group expansion under WHO June 2022 chemoprevention flexibility, and programme integration / scale-up & M&E systems. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns ITN/AMF and SMC/Malaria Consortium GiveWell CE + Wave BY thin int_malaria_pmc / IRS / vaccine bibliography \u2014 never invent dual CE). Wave HT childhood seasonal SMC systems deepening \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Wave HV IPTp/MiP systems \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Wave IA IRS systems (when present) \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Immunization EPI/CCI CE stays immunization (platform adjacency only). GiveWell: **no** PMC Top Charity \u2014 honest null; PATH DRC Nov 2022 pilot grant published CEA (~24\u00d7 cash language; especially uncertain) = cite-only/quarantine \u2014 never invent BW CE. PATH PMC\u00b1RTS,S trial + Sep 2025 top-up = research bibliography only. WHO Guidelines for malaria / Jun 2022 chemoprevention update / malaria fact sheet / WMR primary; IHME/GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / SP regimen how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "PMC", "IPTi", "perennial malaria chemoprevention", "intermittent preventive treatment infants", "PMC EPI systems", "childhood perennial chemoprevention", "PMC coverage systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best PMC malaria chemoprevention charity GiveWell", "perennial malaria chemoprevention cost-effectiveness donate", "IPTi PMC WHO recommendation Better World", "PATH PMC DRC pilot GiveWell", "PMC vs SMC seasonal chemoprevention" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_path_pmc_pilot_drc_2022", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/PATH-perennial-malaria-chemoprevention-pilot-democratic-republic-of-congo-november-2022" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_pmc_rtss_study_2023", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/PATH-perennial-malaria-chemoprevention-rtss-malaria-vaccine-study-february-2023" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "who_chemoprevention_update_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/03-06-2022-Updated-WHO-recommendations-for-malaria-chemoprevention-among-children-and-pregnant-women" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_malaria", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-for-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2024" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no SP/SPAQ dosing schedules, EPI clinical visit timing as how-to, age-interval regimens, or individual malaria treatment regimens. WHO historical EPI dose/age schedule language is programme-shape history only \u2014 never republish as instructions.", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns ITN (AMF) and SMC (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell CE + Wave BY thin int_malaria_pmc / IRS / vaccines \u2014 no dual CE. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc owns childhood seasonal SMC systems \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp owns IPTp/MiP \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Wave IA IRS (when present) \u2014 \u2260 PMC. Immunization owns routine EPI/CCI CE \u2014 platform adjacency only. PMC owns CE-null EPI-delivery / geographic-age-expansion / programme-integration systems only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_vaccine", "name": "Malaria vaccine introduction / RTS,S / R21 systems", "slug": "malaria-vaccine-rtss-r21-systems", "description": "Malaria vaccine introduction / RTS,S / R21 / Gavi\u2013EPI rollout systems deepening: intro / catch-up campaign delivery systems; cold-chain / 4-dose series completion systems; RTS,S\u2194R21 product-choice / TA programme systems. Complementary to live cause_malaria (owns ITN/AMF + SMC/Malaria Consortium GiveWell Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support PATH TA with $/life null \u2014 no dual CE; do not invent vaccine CE from efficacy % or dose $). GiveWell malaria-vaccine Top Charity = honest null; PATH TA/acceleration grants cite-by-reference only. Cross-link Wave HT SMC / Wave HV IPTp / Wave IA IRS / Wave IB PMC (all \u2260 vaccine; PMC\u00b1RTS,S trial quarantine) and Wave BZ immunization (no dual routine-EPI CE; Gavi bibliography-only). Research-only; CE-null drafts; not for ranking. See docs/cause-malaria-vaccine-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "RTS,S", "R21", "R21/Matrix-M", "malaria vaccine", "malaria vaccine introduction", "malaria vaccine RTS,S R21", "MVIP", "malaria vaccine TA", "malaria vaccine cold chain", "malaria vaccine 4-dose series" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria vaccine charity GiveWell RTS,S R21", "malaria vaccine cost-effectiveness donate PATH", "WHO RTS,S R21 recommendation Better World", "Gavi malaria vaccine rollout systems", "malaria vaccine cold chain 4-dose completion" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_malaria_vaccines_qa", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/q-a-on-rts-s-malaria-vaccine" }, { "source_id": "who_r21_recommendation_2023", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/02-10-2023-who-recommends-r21-matrix-m-vaccine-for-malaria-prevention-in-updated-advice-on-immunization" }, { "source_id": "who_gmp_vaccines_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/prevention/vaccines" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_vaccine_ta_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/path-technical-assistance-to-support-malaria-vaccines-rollout-march-2024" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_rtss_pilot_2022", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/PATH-malaria-vaccines-January-2022" }, { "source_id": "gw_path_rtss_lookback_2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/lookbacks/path-malaria-vaccines-2025" }, { "source_id": "gavi_malaria_vaccine_support", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/types-support/vaccine-support/malaria" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_vaccine_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-vaccine-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-vaccine-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; Gavi programme bibliography under Wave BZ ownership. Public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no individual vaccine dosing schedules, 4-dose clinical how-to, cold-chain operator SOPs as instructions, or campaign attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_itn / int_smc / AMF / Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support (PATH TA; $/life null) ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY) \u2014 do not duplicate thin TA or invent vaccine CE. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc (SMC) \u2260 vaccine. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp (IPTp) \u2260 vaccine. Wave IA cause_malaria_irs (IRS) \u2260 vaccine. Wave IB cause_malaria_pmc (PMC) \u2260 vaccine; PATH PMC\u00b1RTS,S trial quarantine. Wave BZ immunization owns routine EPI / CCI CE + Gavi bibliography \u2014 no dual EPI CE; no org_gavi. Malaria vaccine systems owns CE-null intro / cold-chain\u2013series / RTS,S\u2194R21 product-choice\u2013TA deepening only \u2014 GiveWell malaria-vaccine Top Charity honest null; PATH TA cite-by-reference only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_varicella", "name": "Varicella (chickenpox) / VZV vaccine introduction & catch-up systems", "slug": "varicella-vaccine-systems", "description": "Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine introduction / routine childhood programme systems, catch-up / SIA-like coverage systems, and varicella surveillance\u2013AEFI programme systems under WHO Nov 2025 varicella position paper (replaces June 2014) / IVB / VPD surveillance standards. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated varicella / chickenpox Top Charity or completed varicella-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO Nov 2025 + June 2014 position / IVB / VPD varicella surveillance primary for programme shape; Gavi portfolio **does not** list varicella (bibliography-only confirmation; Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD varicella and herpes zoster burden bibliography-only. **Measles \u2260 varicella** (Wave GY); **rubella/CRS \u2260 varicella** (Wave HG); MMRV product notes bibliography only (no invented CE); **herpes zoster \u2260 childhood varicella programme** (bibliography only). No medical dosing / individual vaccine-schedule how-to. See docs/cause-varicella-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "varicella", "chickenpox", "VZV", "varicella-zoster virus vaccine", "varicella vaccine introduction", "varicella catch-up", "chickenpox vaccination programme" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best varicella chickenpox vaccine charity GiveWell", "varicella vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO varicella position paper programme systems", "chickenpox vaccine introduction catch-up Better World", "VZV AEFI surveillance immunization systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_varicella_position_paper_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer10047-567-590" }, { "source_id": "who_varicella_position_paper_2014", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer-8925-265-288" }, { "source_id": "who_varicella_ivb", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/varicella" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_varicella_research", "url": "docs/cause-varicella-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_measles_research", "url": "docs/cause-measles-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rubella_research", "url": "docs/cause-rubella-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-varicella-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no varicella dosing schedules, vaccination technique, individual catch-up how-to, AEFI clinical management protocols, or herpes-zoster clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 varicella intro complementary; no dual EPI CE. Measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN stay cause_measles (Wave GY) \u2014 measles \u2260 varicella. Rubella/CRS stay cause_rubella (Wave HG) \u2014 rubella \u2260 varicella. MMRV combination product notes bibliography only (no invented CE). Herpes zoster / shingles programmes \u2260 childhood varicella programme (bibliography only). HPV intro (Wave HL) \u2260 varicella. Varicella owns CE-null introduction/routine, catch-up/SIA-like, and surveillance\u2013AEFI programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_lsm", "name": "Malaria LSM / larval source management systems", "slug": "malaria-lsm-larval-source-management-systems", "description": "Larval source management (LSM) / larviciding / habitat & environmental management programme systems for Anopheles malaria vectors under WHO guidelines (conditional larviciding as supplementary where habitats are few, fixed and findable; habitat modification/manipulation \u2014 insufficient evidence / no recommendation) and WHO Operational manual on larval source management (Anopheles and Aedes). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN CE by reference only; LSM drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated LSM CEA path). Wave HT childhood SMC (cause_malaria_smc) \u2260 LSM. Wave HV IPTp (cause_malaria_iptp) \u2260 LSM. Wave IA IRS (cause_malaria_irs) \u2260 LSM (adult residual spray \u2260 larval/habitat systems). Wave IB PMC \u2260 LSM. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 LSM. Dengue Aedes IVM (Wave GM) \u2260 Anopheles LSM ownership \u2014 LSM manual covers both vectors; this pack owns Anopheles malaria LSM systems deepen only. WHO fact sheet + guidelines + LSM operational manual + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; GiveWell Top Charities/ITN/AMF context; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No pesticide / breeding-site elimination how-to SOPs. See docs/cause-malaria-lsm-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "LSM", "larval source management", "larviciding", "larvicide programmes", "habitat modification malaria", "habitat manipulation malaria", "environmental management malaria vectors", "Anopheles larval control", "few fixed findable habitats" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best larval source management charity GiveWell", "larviciding malaria cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO LSM operational manual programme systems Better World", "larval source management vs ITN IRS prioritization", "Anopheles larviciding few fixed findable" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_lsm_operational_manual", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240123212" }, { "source_id": "who_lsm_handbook_2013", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241503549" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_itn_intervention", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/insecticide-treated-nets" }, { "source_id": "gw_amf_charity", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/amf" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_lsm_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-lsm-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-lsm-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no pesticide mixing recipes, larvicide dosing/target doses as instructions, breeding-site elimination how-to SOPs, or campaign attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_itn / int_smc / AMF / Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY). Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc stay malaria-owned \u2014 do not re-home. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc (SMC) \u2260 LSM. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp (IPTp) \u2260 LSM. Wave IA cause_malaria_irs (IRS) \u2260 LSM. Wave IB PMC \u2260 LSM. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 LSM. Dengue Aedes IVM (Wave GM) \u2260 Anopheles LSM ownership (manual covers both; this pack is Anopheles malaria LSM systems). Malaria LSM systems owns CE-null larviciding-campaign / habitat-environmental-management / LSM\u2194ITN/IRS prioritization deepening only \u2014 no dual CE; GiveWell AMF/ITN cite-by-reference only; LSM drafts null/unverified (no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated LSM CEA).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis_a", "name": "Hepatitis A (HAV) vaccine introduction / catch-up / outbreak systems", "slug": "hepatitis-a-vaccine-systems", "description": "Hepatitis A (HAV) vaccine introduction / routine childhood programme systems, catch-up / outbreak-response campaign systems, and foodborne / sanitation-adjacent programme systems under WHO October 2022 hepatitis A vaccines position paper (replaces 2012) / fact sheet / outbreak toolbox / VPD HepA surveillance. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated hepatitis A / HAV Top Charity or completed HepA-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO Oct 2022 + fact sheet + outbreak toolbox primary for programme shape; Gavi portfolio **does not** list HepA (VIS 2018 deprioritised; bibliography-only; Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD acute hepatitis A burden bibliography-only. **HepB \u2260 HepA** (Waves DC/HN); **HepC \u2260 HepA** (Wave GI); **ORS \u2260 HepA vaccine** (Wave CG); **WASH CE stays water** (cross-link only); **HepE \u2260 HepA** (VIS 2024). No medical dosing / individual vaccine-schedule how-to. See docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis A", "HAV", "HepA", "hepatitis A vaccine", "HAV vaccine introduction", "hepatitis A outbreak response", "HepA catch-up" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis A vaccine charity GiveWell", "hepatitis A vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO hepatitis A position paper programme systems", "HAV outbreak vaccination campaign Better World", "HepA vs HepB vs HepC pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_a_position_paper_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9740-493-512" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_a_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-a" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_a_outbreak_toolbox", "url": "https://www.who.int/emergencies/outbreak-toolkit/disease-outbreak-toolboxes/hepatitis-a-outbreak-toolbox" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_water_sanitation_research", "url": "docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no hepatitis A dosing schedules, vaccination technique, individual catch-up how-to, outbreak clinical management protocols, or food-handler / sanitation engineering how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 HepA intro complementary; no dual EPI CE. HepB-BD / blood-safety stay cause_hepatitis / cause_hepatitis_b (Waves DC/HN) \u2014 HepB \u2260 HepA. HCV DAA stay cause_hepatitis_c (Wave GI) \u2014 HepC \u2260 HepA. WASH CE stays cause_safe_water \u2014 HepA foodborne/sanitation drafts are programme-shape cross-link only. Diarrhea ORS/zinc stay cause_diarrhea \u2014 ORS \u2260 HepA vaccine. HepE (VIS 2024) \u2260 HepA. HepA owns CE-null introduction/routine, catch-up/outbreak, and foodborne/sanitation-adjacent programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_influenza", "name": "Seasonal influenza vaccine / programme systems", "slug": "seasonal-influenza-vaccine-systems", "description": "Seasonal influenza risk-group routine programme systems, campaign/delivery programme systems, and surveillance\u2013vaccine-match programme systems under WHO May 2022 influenza vaccines position paper (SAGE) / Global Influenza Strategy 2019\u20132030 / seasonal influenza vaccination toolkit / GISRS. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE) and cause_pandemic_preparedness (Wave CT owns pandemic / GCBR / pathogen-agnostic deepening \u2014 seasonal influenza \u2260 GCR pandemic preparedness; no dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated seasonal influenza / flu-vaccine Top Charity or completed seasonal-flu-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO May 2022 + Strategy + toolkit + GISRS primary for programme shape; Gavi portfolio **does not** list seasonal influenza as a current supported vaccine window on checked surfaces (bibliography-only; Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD influenza-associated LRI burden bibliography-only. **Pneumonia care \u2260 flu vaccine** (Wave DB). **SMC \u2260 influenza vaccine**. No medical dosing / individual schedule how-to; no strain-engineering / dual-use content. See docs/cause-influenza-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "seasonal influenza", "flu vaccine programmes", "influenza vaccination LMIC", "SAGE influenza risk groups", "GISRS programme systems", "seasonal flu campaign delivery" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best seasonal influenza vaccine charity GiveWell", "flu vaccine cost-effectiveness LMIC donate", "WHO SAGE influenza risk group programmes", "seasonal influenza vaccination toolkit Better World", "GISRS vaccine match programme systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_influenza_position_paper_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9719" }, { "source_id": "who_influenza_position_news_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/01-06-2022-who-issues-updated-influenza-vaccines-position-paper" }, { "source_id": "who_global_influenza_strategy_2019_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241515009" }, { "source_id": "who_seasonal_influenza_vaccination_toolkit", "url": "https://www.who.int/tools/seasonal-influenza-vaccination-toolkit" }, { "source_id": "who_gisrs", "url": "https://www.who.int/initiatives/global-influenza-surveillance-and-response-system" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_influenza_research", "url": "docs/cause-influenza-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pandemic_preparedness_research", "url": "docs/cause-pandemic-preparedness-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pneumonia_research", "url": "docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-influenza-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no influenza dosing schedules, vaccination technique, individual risk-group schedule how-to, AEFI clinical management protocols, antiviral prescribing, or any pandemic/strain-engineering/reverse-genetics/dual-use how-to. Surveillance\u2013vaccine-match is programme-systems shape only.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 seasonal flu systems complementary; no dual EPI CE. Pandemic / GCBR / pathogen-agnostic stays cause_pandemic_preparedness (Wave CT) \u2014 seasonal influenza \u2260 GCR pandemic preparedness; pandemic flu adjacency bibliography only under Wave CT; no dual CE. Pneumonia care stays cause_pneumonia (Wave DB) \u2014 care \u2260 flu vaccine. SMC / Malaria Consortium CE stays malaria \u2014 SMC \u2260 influenza vaccine. Sibling VPD packs (measles/varicella/HepA/mumps) \u2260 seasonal influenza. Influenza owns CE-null risk-group routine, campaign/delivery, and surveillance\u2013vaccine-match programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_mumps", "name": "Mumps vaccine introduction / catch-up / outbreak response systems", "slug": "mumps-vaccine-systems", "description": "Mumps / MMR vaccine introduction / routine childhood programme systems, catch-up / outbreak campaign systems, and mumps surveillance\u2013orchitis/complication programme systems under WHO March 2024 mumps position paper (replaces 2007) / IVB / VPD surveillance standards. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated mumps Top Charity or completed mumps-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO March 2024 position / IVB / VPD mumps surveillance primary for programme shape; Gavi portfolio supports measles/MR but **does not** list mumps/MMR as an antigen (bibliography-only confirmation; Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD mumps burden bibliography-only. **Measles \u2260 mumps** (Wave GY); **rubella/CRS \u2260 mumps** (Wave HG; MR\u2260MMR); **varicella \u2260 mumps** (Wave IF); MMR/MMRV product notes bibliography only (no invented CE). No medical dosing / individual vaccine-schedule how-to / orchitis clinical how-to. See docs/cause-mumps-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "mumps", "MMR", "mumps vaccine introduction", "mumps catch-up", "mumps outbreak response", "mumps orchitis surveillance", "mumps-containing vaccine", "epidemic parotitis vaccination programme" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best mumps vaccine charity GiveWell", "mumps MMR cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO mumps position paper programme systems", "mumps catch-up outbreak campaign Better World", "mumps orchitis surveillance immunization systems" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_mumps_position_paper_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer-9911-115-133" }, { "source_id": "who_mumps_ivb", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/mumps" }, { "source_id": "who_mumps_vpd_surveillance", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/vaccine-preventable-diseases-surveillance-standards-mumps" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio" }, { "source_id": "gavi_measles_mr_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/measles-measles-rubella" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_mumps_research", "url": "docs/cause-mumps-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_measles_research", "url": "docs/cause-measles-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_rubella_research", "url": "docs/cause-rubella-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_varicella_research", "url": "docs/cause-varicella-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-mumps-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no mumps/MMR dosing schedules, vaccination technique, individual catch-up how-to, orchitis/complication clinical management protocols, or AEFI clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 mumps intro complementary; no dual EPI CE. Measles SIA/ORI/GMRLN stay cause_measles (Wave GY) \u2014 measles \u2260 mumps. Rubella/CRS stay cause_rubella (Wave HG) \u2014 rubella \u2260 mumps; MR\u2260MMR. Varicella stay cause_varicella (Wave IF) \u2014 varicella \u2260 mumps. MMR/MMRV combination product notes bibliography only (no invented CE). Mumps owns CE-null introduction/routine, catch-up/outbreak, and surveillance\u2013orchitis/complication programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_rsv", "name": "RSV maternal vaccine / long-acting monoclonal antibody programme systems", "slug": "rsv-prevention-programme-systems", "description": "Maternal RSV vaccine introduction systems, long-acting monoclonal antibody (nirsevimab-class) seasonal / year-round delivery systems, and RSV surveillance\u2013programme targeting systems under WHO May 2025 RSV infant-protection position paper / SAGE September 2024 recommendations. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated RSV / maternal-RSV / nirsevimab-systems Top Charity or completed RSV-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO May 2025 + SAGE Sep 2024 primary for programme shape; Gavi RSV maternal programme design-phase / VIS / PQ pathway bibliography-only (Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD RSV-LRI burden bibliography-only. **Pneumonia care \u2260 RSV prevention** (Wave DB). **Maternal EmONC / KMC / syphilis \u2260 RSV product programmes** (Wave CB). **Preterm ACS \u2260 RSV** (Wave FH). **Seasonal influenza \u2260 RSV** (Wave IJ). No medical dosing / reconstitution / individual schedule how-to. See docs/cause-rsv-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "RSV", "respiratory syncytial virus", "maternal RSV vaccine", "RSVpreF programme systems", "nirsevimab programme systems", "long-acting RSV monoclonal antibody", "RSV passive immunization programmes", "RSV seasonality targeting" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best RSV vaccine charity GiveWell", "maternal RSV nirsevimab cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO SAGE RSV position paper programme systems", "RSV monoclonal antibody LMIC delivery Better World", "Gavi RSV maternal vaccine programme design" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_rsv_position_paper_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer-10022-193-218" }, { "source_id": "who_rsv_position_news_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/30-05-2025-who-outlines-recommendations-to-protect-infants-against-rsv-respiratory-syncytial-virus" }, { "source_id": "who_sage_sep_2024_wer", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9949-719-740" }, { "source_id": "gavi_rsv_maternal_programme_design_2025", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/gavi-and-partners-commence-design-rsv-maternal-vaccine-programme" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vaccine_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_rsv_research", "url": "docs/cause-rsv-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_pneumonia_research", "url": "docs/cause-pneumonia-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_maternal_neonatal_research", "url": "docs/cause-maternal-neonatal-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_preterm_birth_research", "url": "docs/cause-preterm-birth-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-rsv-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no RSV product dosing, reconstitution, gestational-week or age schedules as individual how-to, injection technique, AEFI clinical management protocols, or product-selection clinical algorithms.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 RSV systems complementary; no dual EPI CE. Pneumonia care stays cause_pneumonia (Wave DB) \u2014 care \u2260 RSV prevention. Maternal EmONC/KMC/syphilis stay cause_maternal_neonatal (Wave CB) \u2014 intrapartum \u2260 RSV product programmes. Preterm ACS/referral stay cause_preterm_birth (Wave FH) \u2014 \u2260 RSV. Seasonal influenza stay cause_influenza (Wave IJ) \u2014 \u2260 RSV. PCV/Hib \u2260 RSV. RSV owns CE-null maternal-vaccine introduction, long-acting mAb delivery, and surveillance\u2013programme targeting systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis_e", "name": "Hepatitis E vaccine / outbreak-response programme systems", "slug": "hepatitis-e-vaccine-outbreak-systems", "description": "Hepatitis E (HEV) outbreak-response / campaign programme systems (Hecolin-class / HEV 239 under WHO May 2015 position + March 2024 SAGE FCV update), pregnancy / women-of-childbearing-age risk-group programme targeting systems (SAGE March 2024 FCV WCBA targeting \u2014 no pregnancy clinical how-to), and WASH-adjacent surveillance / outbreak-recognition systems (WHO HepE outbreak toolbox + 2014 waterborne technical report \u2014 WASH CE stays water). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual EPI CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated hepatitis E / Hecolin Top Charity or completed HepE-systems CEA (**honest null**). WHO/SAGE + fact sheet + outbreak toolbox primary for programme shape; Gavi VIS **2024** HepE stockpile + learning agenda bibliography-only (Wave BZ owns Gavi); IHME/GBD acute hepatitis E burden bibliography-only. **HepA \u2260 HepE** (Wave IH); **HepB \u2260 HepE** (Waves DC/HN); **HepC \u2260 HepE** (Wave GI); **ORS \u2260 HepE vaccine** (Wave CG); **WASH CE stays water** (cross-link only); cholera OCV/ICG \u2260 HepE (Wave GV). No medical dosing / individual vaccine-schedule / pregnancy clinical how-to. See docs/cause-hepatitis-e-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis E", "HEV", "HepE", "hepatitis E vaccine", "Hecolin", "HEV 239", "hepatitis E outbreak response", "HepE stockpile" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis E vaccine charity GiveWell", "hepatitis E vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO SAGE hepatitis E Hecolin programme systems", "HepE outbreak vaccination campaign Better World", "HepE vs HepA vs HepB vs HepC pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_e_position_paper_2015", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WER9018-185-200" }, { "source_id": "who_sage_march_2024_wer", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WER-9922-285-306" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_e_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-e" }, { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_e_outbreak_toolbox", "url": "https://www.who.int/emergencies/outbreak-toolkit/disease-outbreak-toolboxes/hepatitis-e-outbreak-toolbox" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_vaccines_strategy_2024", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2024/09/10/research-strategy-vaccines/" }, { "source_id": "gavi_vis_2024", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/strategy/vaccine-investment-strategy-2024" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_e_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-e-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_water_sanitation_research", "url": "docs/cause-water-sanitation-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-e-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/SAGE/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no hepatitis E dosing schedules, vaccination technique, pregnancy vaccination clinical how-to, outbreak clinical management protocols, or water-treatment / sanitation engineering how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography) \u2014 HepE outbreak complementary; no dual EPI CE. HepA intro/outbreak stay cause_hepatitis_a (Wave IH) \u2014 HepA \u2260 HepE. HepB-BD / blood-safety stay cause_hepatitis / cause_hepatitis_b (Waves DC/HN) \u2014 HepB \u2260 HepE. HCV DAA stay cause_hepatitis_c (Wave GI) \u2014 HepC \u2260 HepE. WASH CE stays cause_safe_water \u2014 HepE WASH-adjacent drafts are programme-shape cross-link only. Diarrhea ORS/zinc stay cause_diarrhea \u2014 ORS \u2260 HepE vaccine. Cholera OCV/ICG stay cause_cholera \u2014 \u2260 HepE. HepE owns CE-null outbreak-campaign, pregnancy/WCBA targeting, and WASH-adjacent surveillance programme systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_case_management", "name": "Malaria case management / diagnosis systems", "slug": "malaria-case-management-diagnosis-systems", "description": "Malaria case management and diagnosis programme systems in LMICs: RDT/microscopy diagnosis access systems (parasitological confirmation + QA), community case-management (iCCM-adjacent) delivery systems, and severe malaria referral / inpatient readiness systems under WHO Global Malaria Programme case-management / diagnosis / treatment hubs and Guidelines for malaria. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC CE by reference only; CM drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated published CM CEA path; GiveWell iCCM interim bibliography/quarantine; May 2026 GW treatment-interest cite-only). Wave HT childhood SMC \u2260 CM. Wave HV IPTp \u2260 CM. Wave IA IRS \u2260 CM. Wave IB PMC \u2260 CM. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 CM. Wave IG LSM \u2260 CM. Wave DB pneumonia owns pneumonia iCCM/oxygen/amox \u2014 malaria CM \u2260 pneumonia care CE (iCCM malaria-arm cross-link only). WHO fact sheet + guidelines + GMP CM/diagnosis hubs + pre-referral RAS field guide bibliography + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No clinical dosing / ACT regimens / individual treatment how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave JB `cause_malaria_vivax` \u2014 vivax radical-cure / G6PD systems \u2260 IN CM ownership (cross-link only).", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "malaria case management", "malaria diagnosis systems", "malaria RDT access", "malaria microscopy QA", "parasitological confirmation malaria", "community malaria case management", "iCCM malaria arm", "severe malaria referral", "malaria inpatient readiness" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria case management charity GiveWell", "malaria RDT diagnosis cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO malaria case management programme systems Better World", "severe malaria referral systems vs ITN SMC", "iCCM malaria arm vs pneumonia care" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_gmp_case_management_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/case-management" }, { "source_id": "who_gmp_diagnosis_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/case-management/diagnosis" }, { "source_id": "who_prereferral_ras_field_guide", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240082953" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_iccm_interim", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/Integrated-community-case-management" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_research_priorities_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/18/how-were-searching-for-the-best-ways-to-help-in-2026/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_case_management_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no clinical dosing, ACT regimens, rectal-artesunate dosing, individual treatment how-to, or CHW/nurse clinical protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_itn / int_smc / AMF / Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY). Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc stay malaria-owned \u2014 do not re-home. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc (SMC) \u2260 CM. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp (IPTp) \u2260 CM. Wave IA IRS \u2260 CM. Wave IB PMC \u2260 CM. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 CM. Wave IG LSM \u2260 CM. Wave DB cause_pneumonia owns pneumonia iCCM/oxygen/amox \u2014 malaria CM \u2260 pneumonia care CE (iCCM malaria-arm cross-link only). Malaria case-management systems owns CE-null RDT/microscopy-access / community-CM-delivery / severe-referral\u2013inpatient-readiness deepening only \u2014 no dual CE; GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC cite-by-reference only; CM drafts null/unverified (no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated published CM CEA). Wave JB `cause_malaria_vivax` owns P. vivax radical-cure / G6PD / relapse programme systems \u2014 **IN CM \u2260 vivax-specific radical-cure/G6PD ownership** (species-diagnosis cross-link only; no dual CE).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_pertussis", "name": "Pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine / outbreak systems", "slug": "pertussis-whooping-cough-vaccine-outbreak-systems", "description": "Pertussis (whooping cough) aP/wP vaccine introduction / schedule-strengthening systems, booster / coverage catch-up systems, and outbreak response campaign systems under WHO 2015 pertussis position paper / IVB / SAGE Working Group / health-topic programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI / DTP\u2013Penta CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated pertussis / aP\u2013wP / booster / outbreak Top Charity or systems CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; NI Penta includes pertussis \u2014 Wave BZ quarantine only. WHO health topic + WER9035 + SAGE WG primary for programme shape; Gavi pentavalent / hexavalent / DTP-booster pages bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD whooping cough bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave HR MNT (Td/TT \u2260 aP/wP); Wave HD Hib (Penta adjacency \u2260 pertussis systems); Wave HK PCV / Wave DB pneumonia (\u2260 pertussis vaccine). No medical dosing / vaccination technique / outbreak playbooks. See docs/cause-pertussis-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed. Cross-link Wave IP `cause_diphtheria` \u2014 **pertussis \u2260 diphtheria**; shared DTP/Penta path cross-link only. See docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "pertussis", "whooping cough", "Bordetella pertussis", "aP vaccine", "wP vaccine", "DTP pertussis", "DTwP", "DTaP", "Tdap maternal programme", "pertussis booster", "pertussis outbreak response", "DTP-containing booster" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best pertussis charity GiveWell", "whooping cough vaccine cost-effectiveness donate", "Gavi DTP booster pertussis Better World", "WHO SAGE pertussis outbreak systems", "aP wP introduction systems LMICs" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_pertussis_health_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/health-topics/pertussis" }, { "source_id": "who_pertussis_position_paper_2015", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-WER9035" }, { "source_id": "who_sage_pertussis_wg", "url": "https://www.who.int/groups/strategic-advisory-group-of-experts-on-immunization/working-groups/pertussis-vaccines" }, { "source_id": "gavi_pentavalent_portfolio", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-work/vaccine-portfolio/pentavalent" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_pertussis_research", "url": "docs/cause-pertussis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-pertussis-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/SAGE/Gavi/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no aP/wP dosing schedules, vaccination technique, maternal Tdap clinical how-to, antibiotic treatment protocols, or outbreak attack playbooks.", "disambiguation_note": "Routine EPI / CCI / Gavi/NI / DTP\u2013Penta ownership stays cause_immunization (live int_cci + Gavi bibliography \u2014 no dual CE). Wave HR cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus owns MNT/Td\u2013TT \u2014 \u2260 pertussis aP/wP. Wave HD cause_hib owns Hib conjugate systems \u2014 Penta adjacency only. Wave HK cause_pcv / Wave DB cause_pneumonia \u2014 \u2260 pertussis vaccine. Pertussis owns CE-null primary-series intro / booster/catch-up / outbreak campaign systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_diphtheria", "name": "Diphtheria vaccine / antitoxin programme systems", "slug": "diphtheria-vaccine-antitoxin-programme-systems", "description": "Diphtheria toxoid primary/booster introduction systems, diphtheria outbreak campaign systems, and diphtheria antitoxin (DAT) access/stockpile programme systems under WHO diphtheria position-paper / IVB / outbreak-guidance programme shape. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI / DTP\u2013Penta CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated diphtheria Top Charity or diphtheria-introduction / booster / outbreak / DAT-access CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; NI Penta (includes diphtheria) incidental modeling stays immunization cross-link/quarantine. WHO diphtheria vaccines position paper (WER Aug 2017) + IVB disease page + fact sheet + AFRO outbreak guidance + DAT access/stockpile programme framing primary; Gavi pentavalent / DTP-booster / hexavalent bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD diphtheria bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave HR MNT/TT (**MNT \u2260 diphtheria toxoid programmes** \u2014 Td/TT EPI adjacency only); Wave IO pertussis (**pertussis \u2260 diphtheria**); Wave HD Hib (**Penta includes both \u2014 Hib systems \u2260 diphtheria systems**); measles/polio SIAs \u2260 diphtheria outbreak. No medical dosing / antitoxin reconstitution / individual schedule how-to. See docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "diphtheria", "diphtheria vaccine", "diphtheria toxoid", "DTP diphtheria", "diphtheria booster", "diphtheria outbreak response", "diphtheria antitoxin", "DAT stockpile", "Corynebacterium diphtheriae" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best diphtheria vaccine charity GiveWell", "diphtheria antitoxin stockpile donate", "Gavi DTP booster diphtheria Better World", "WHO diphtheria position paper programme systems", "diphtheria outbreak campaign systems LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public charity-evaluation / public-health programme framing only. No medical advice. No diphtheria vaccine dosing schedules, antitoxin reconstitution, clinical antibiotic protocols, or individual treatment how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "Distinct from Wave BZ routine EPI / NI / DTP\u2013Penta CE (stays immunization \u2014 no dual CE); Wave HR MNT/TT elimination systems (MNT \u2260 diphtheria toxoid programmes); Wave IO pertussis (pertussis \u2260 diphtheria); Wave HD Hib (Hib \u2260 diphtheria systems despite shared pentavalent product path). DAT access/stockpile is programme-shape (supply/financing/allocation) \u2014 not clinical how-to.", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_diphtheria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diphtheria" }, { "source_id": "who_diphtheria_position_paper_2017", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer9231" }, { "source_id": "who_diphtheria_ivb", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/immunization-vaccines-and-biologicals/diseases/diphtheria" }, { "source_id": "gavi_dtp_boosters", "url": "https://www.gavi.org/our-support/guidelines/dtp-containing-vaccine-boosters-programme-information" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_new_incentives_sep_2024", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/new-incentives/september-2024-version" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_diphtheria_research", "url": "docs/cause-diphtheria-research.md" } ], "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_ipti", "name": "IPTi / intermittent preventive treatment in infants systems", "slug": "malaria-ipti-infant-chemoprevention-systems", "description": "Intermittent preventive treatment in infants (IPTi) programme systems: EPI-contact IPTi delivery systems, coverage/supervision programme systems, and surveillance\u2013targeting systems for infant chemoprevention delivered through routine immunization contacts. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns ITN/AMF and SMC/Malaria Consortium GiveWell CE + Wave BY thin int_malaria_pmc / IRS / vaccine bibliography \u2014 never invent dual CE). Wave IB PMC / perennial systems (cause_malaria_pmc) \u2014 WHO renamed IPTi\u2192PMC in 2022; PMC perennial expansion / geographic-age / programme-integration deepen stays IB; this pack deepens infant EPI-contact / coverage-supervision / surveillance-targeting lane only \u2014 **no dual CE**. Wave HT childhood seasonal SMC systems deepening \u2014 \u2260 IPTi. Wave HV IPTp/MiP systems \u2014 \u2260 IPTi. Wave IN case management \u2014 \u2260 prevention. Immunization EPI/CCI CE stays immunization (platform adjacency only). GiveWell: **no** IPTi Top Charity \u2014 honest null; interim IPTi intervention report (Aug 2020 / Mar 2022) published preliminary CEA (~$2,980/death sketch; ~$4/child cost guess; early-stage; not comparable to Top Charity CEAs) = cite-only/quarantine \u2014 never invent BW CE. PATH PMC DRC pilot grant CEA = Wave IB primary quarantine; cross-link cite-only. WHO Guidelines for malaria / Jun 2022 chemoprevention update / malaria fact sheet / WMR primary; IHME/GBD bibliography-only. No medical dosing / SP regimen how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-ipti-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "IPTi", "intermittent preventive treatment in infants", "infant malaria chemoprevention", "IPTi EPI systems", "IPTi coverage systems", "infant EPI-contact chemoprevention", "IPTi-SP programme systems" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best IPTi malaria charity GiveWell", "intermittent preventive treatment infants cost-effectiveness donate", "IPTi EPI delivery systems Better World", "IPTi vs PMC perennial chemoprevention", "IPTi vs SMC seasonal chemoprevention" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "gw_ipti_intervention_report", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/IPTi" }, { "source_id": "gw_ipti_blog_2022", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2022/01/31/ipti-for-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "gw_mc_path_ipti_scoping_2021", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/incubation-grants/Malaria-Consortium-and-PATH-IPTi-scoping-September-2021" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "who_chemoprevention_update_2022", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/03-06-2022-Updated-WHO-recommendations-for-malaria-chemoprevention-among-children-and-pregnant-women" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_malaria", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-for-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/reports/world-malaria-report-2024" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_ipti_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-ipti-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_pmc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-pmc-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-ipti-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no SP dosing schedules, EPI clinical visit timing as how-to, age-interval regimens, or individual malaria treatment regimens. WHO/GiveWell historical EPI infant schedule language is programme-shape history only \u2014 never republish as instructions.", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns ITN (AMF) and SMC (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell CE + Wave BY thin int_malaria_pmc / IRS / vaccines \u2014 no dual CE. Wave IB cause_malaria_pmc owns PMC perennial systems (WHO renamed IPTi\u2192PMC 2022) \u2014 sibling; PATH DRC pilot grant CEA stays IB primary quarantine; no dual CE. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc owns childhood seasonal SMC systems \u2014 \u2260 IPTi. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp owns IPTp/MiP \u2014 \u2260 IPTi. Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management owns CM/diagnosis \u2014 \u2260 prevention. Immunization owns routine EPI/CCI CE \u2014 platform adjacency only. IPTi owns CE-null EPI-contact delivery / coverage-supervision / surveillance-targeting systems only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_mda", "name": "Malaria MDA / mass screening-and-treatment programme systems", "slug": "malaria-mda-mass-screening-treatment-systems", "description": "Malaria mass drug administration (MDA) and mass/focal screening-and-treatment (MSAT/MTaT/FSAT-adjacent) programme systems in elimination or outbreak/emergency settings: elimination-setting MDA campaign systems, outbreak/reactive/emergency MDA systems, and MSAT/screening-linked programme systems under WHO Guidelines for malaria MDA family, elimination recommendations, and role-of-MDA/MSAT technical note. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC CE by reference only; MDA drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 GiveWell MDA Top Charity / dedicated published MDA CEA honest null). Wave HT childhood SMC \u2260 MDA. Wave HV IPTp \u2260 MDA. Wave IB PMC \u2260 MDA. Wave IR IPTi \u2260 MDA. Wave IN case management \u2260 MDA. Wave IA IRS / IG LSM / IC vaccine \u2260 MDA. NTD MDA packs \u2260 malaria MDA. WHO fact sheet + guidelines + elimination recommendations + role-of-MDA/MSAT note + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No clinical dosing / regimen / MSAT test\u2013treat how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-mda-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "malaria MDA", "malaria mass drug administration", "malaria MSAT", "malaria mass screening and treatment", "malaria MTaT", "malaria focal screening and treatment", "malaria elimination MDA", "malaria outbreak MDA", "malaria reactive MDA", "malaria emergency MDA" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria MDA charity GiveWell", "malaria mass drug administration cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO malaria MDA elimination programme systems Better World", "MSAT vs MDA malaria systems", "malaria MDA vs SMC IPTp PMC IPTi" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_elimination_recommendations", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/elimination/recommendations-on-malaria-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_role_of_mda_msat_fsat", "url": "https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/publications/role-of-mass-drug-administration-mass-screening-and-treatment-and-focal-screening-and-treatment-for-malaria.pdf?sfvrsn=968fdeb1_1" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_malaria_research_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/28/growing-givewells-largest-research-area-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_mda_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-mda-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-mda-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns int_itn (AMF) and int_smc (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell Top Charity CE \u2014 cite by reference only; never invent dual CE. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc = childhood SMC systems \u2260 MDA. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp = IPTp \u2260 MDA. Wave IB cause_malaria_pmc = PMC \u2260 MDA. Wave IR cause_malaria_ipti = IPTi \u2260 MDA. Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management = care-seeking CM \u2260 MDA/MSAT mass programmes. GiveWell MDA Top Charity / dedicated published MDA CEA = honest null. NTD MDA \u2260 malaria MDA. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public charity-evaluation / public-health programme framing only. No medical advice. No antimalarial dosing, regimen how-to, MSAT test\u2013treat clinical protocols, or campaign attack playbooks. WHO schedules stay external bibliography.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_tetanus_childhood", "name": "Childhood / adolescent / adult tetanus toxoid booster systems (beyond MNT)", "slug": "tetanus-childhood-adolescent-adult-booster-systems", "description": "Childhood TTCV booster introduction systems, school-age/adolescent catch-up systems, and injury-prone adult booster programme systems under WHO tetanus position-paper / fact sheet / Protecting-all six-dose life-course programme shape \u2014 explicitly beyond maternal-neonatal tetanus (MNT) pregnancy/neonatal focus. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to Wave HR cause_maternal_neonatal_tetanus (owns MNTE / maternal Td\u2013TT SIAs / clean delivery / NT surveillance \u2014 MNT \u2260 childhood/adolescent/adult booster programmes; never invent dual CE) and live cause_immunization (Wave BZ owns Gavi bibliography + New Incentives / routine EPI / DTP\u2013Penta CE via live int_cci \u2014 never invent dual CE). GiveWell: **no** dedicated childhood/non-neonatal tetanus booster Top Charity or systems CEA found \u2014 honest null / cite-only; NI Penta (includes tetanus) incidental modeling stays immunization cross-link/quarantine; GiveWell MNT immunization report stays Wave HR quarantine. WHO tetanus vaccines position paper (WER Feb 2017) + fact sheet + Protecting-all + IVB + MNTE strategies sustain language primary; Gavi DTP-booster / pentavalent bibliography-only (no org_gavi); IHME/GBD tetanus bibliography-only. Cross-link Wave IO pertussis (**pertussis \u2260 tetanus booster programmes**); Wave IP diphtheria (**diphtheria \u2260 tetanus childhood booster programmes**); Wave HL HPV (adolescent platform adjacency only). No medical dosing / wound-care / TIG clinical how-to. See docs/cause-tetanus-childhood-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "childhood tetanus", "tetanus booster", "TTCV booster", "school-based tetanus immunization", "adolescent tetanus catch-up", "adult tetanus booster", "injury-prone tetanus programme", "life-course tetanus", "non-neonatal tetanus", "beyond MNT tetanus" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best childhood tetanus booster charity GiveWell", "school-based TTCV catch-up donate", "WHO six-dose tetanus life-course Better World", "Gavi DTP booster tetanus beyond MNT", "adult injury-prone tetanus programme systems LMIC" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_iptsc", "name": "Malaria IPTsc / school-age chemoprevention systems", "slug": "malaria-iptsc-school-age-chemoprevention-systems", "description": "Intermittent preventive treatment in school-aged children (IPTsc) / school-based malaria chemoprevention programme systems: school-platform IPTsc delivery systems, coverage/equity/alternative-channel systems, and surveillance\u2013targeting / under-5-priority complementarity systems under WHO Guidelines for malaria IPTsc recommendation family, Jun 2022 chemoprevention update, preventive-chemotherapies hub, and malaria fact sheet. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC CE by reference only; IPTsc drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 GiveWell IPTsc Top Charity / dedicated published IPTsc CEA honest null; May 2026 searching-blog RFP/pilot pipeline cite-only). Wave HT childhood SMC \u2260 IPTsc. Wave HV IPTp \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IB PMC \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IR IPTi \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IU MDA \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IN case management \u2260 prevention. Wave IA IRS / IG LSM / IC vaccine \u2260 IPTsc. WHO fact sheet + guidelines + Jun 2022 news + preventive-chemotherapies hub + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No clinical dosing / regimen / school DOT how-to. See docs/cause-malaria-iptsc-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "IPTsc", "intermittent preventive treatment in school-aged children", "intermittent preventive treatment school-age children", "school-age malaria chemoprevention", "school-based malaria chemoprevention", "malaria IPTsc", "IPTc school-age" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best IPTsc malaria charity GiveWell", "school-age malaria chemoprevention cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO IPTsc school-aged children programme systems Better World", "IPTsc vs SMC IPTp PMC IPTi MDA", "intermittent preventive treatment school children malaria" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_jun2022_chemoprevention_elimination_news", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/03-06-2022-updated-who-recommendations-for-malaria-chemoprevention-and-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_preventive_chemotherapies_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/prevention/preventive-chemotherapies" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_searching_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/18/how-were-searching-for-the-best-ways-to-help-in-2026/" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_malaria_research_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/28/growing-givewells-largest-research-area-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_iptsc_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-iptsc-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-iptsc-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns int_itn (AMF) and int_smc (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell Top Charity CE \u2014 cite by reference only; never invent dual CE. Wave HT cause_malaria_smc = childhood SMC systems \u2260 IPTsc. Wave HV cause_malaria_iptp = IPTp \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IB cause_malaria_pmc = PMC \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IR cause_malaria_ipti = IPTi \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IU cause_malaria_mda = MDA/MSAT \u2260 IPTsc. Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management = care-seeking CM \u2260 prevention. GiveWell IPTsc Top Charity / dedicated published IPTsc CEA = honest null. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public charity-evaluation / public-health programme framing only. No medical advice. No antimalarial dosing, regimen how-to, or school DOT clinical protocols. WHO schedules stay external bibliography.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_lf_mda", "name": "LF MDA / transmission interruption programme systems", "slug": "lf-mda-transmission-interruption-systems", "description": "Lymphatic filariasis mass drug administration (MDA) / transmission-interruption programme systems deepening: IU-level MDA campaign delivery & coverage systems, TAS / stop-MDA / post-MDA & post-validation surveillance systems, and IDA programme-transition / persistent-transmission remediation systems (programme-shape only). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to future cause_lf_onchocerciasis (Wave EV owns thin int_lf_mda / int_lf_morbidity_management / int_oncho_ivermectin_mda + GiveWell dated LF/river-blindness MDA bibliography \u2014 cite-only; never invent dual CE), future cause_lf_mmdp (Wave FZ MMDP morbidity systems \u2014 MMDP \u2260 MDA), future cause_onchocerciasis (Wave GB CDTI systems \u2014 \u2260 LF MDA; co-admin bibliography only), and live cause_deworming (Sightsavers deworming-only; thin int_ntd_other_mda_lf_oncho_trachoma cross-link \u2014 no dual CE with live deworming). GiveWell: dated LF MDA cite-only (Wave EV); honest null for LF MDA Top Charity / refreshed thorough CEA. WHO GPELF + fact sheet + progress 2024 + monitoring manual 2025 + GHO primary for programme shape; IHME GBD bibliography-only. HLI/ACE honest null. No medical dosing / IDA regimen how-to. See docs/cause-lf-mda-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "LF MDA", "lymphatic filariasis MDA", "LF mass drug administration", "GPELF MDA systems", "LF transmission interruption", "LF preventive chemotherapy", "LF TAS stop-MDA systems", "LF IDA programme systems", "LF MDA coverage systems", "filariasis MDA" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best LF MDA charity GiveWell", "lymphatic filariasis mass drug administration cost-effectiveness donate", "GPELF MDA campaign systems Better World", "LF TAS stop-MDA surveillance systems", "LF MDA vs MMDP Better World", "LF MDA vs oncho CDTI", "Sightsavers LF MDA vs deworming" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_lf_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "who_gpelf_programme_page", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/lymphatic-filariasis/global-programme-to-eliminate-lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "who_gpelf_progress_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/who-wer10040-439-449" }, { "source_id": "who_lf_mda_monitoring_manual_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240105959" }, { "source_id": "who_gho_lf_topic", "url": "https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/topics/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "who_ntd_roadmap_2021_2030", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240010352" }, { "source_id": "gw_lf_mda_dated", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/international/technical/programs/lymphatic-filariasis" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_lf_mda_research", "url": "docs/cause-lf-mda-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_hepatitis_d", "name": "Hepatitis D / HDV co-infection programme systems", "slug": "hepatitis-d-hdv-coinfection-systems", "description": "Hepatitis D (HDV) co-infection programme systems among HBsAg-positive populations (WHO 2024 chronic hepatitis B guidelines \u2014 universal or prioritized anti-HDV testing among people with CHB; HDV requires HBV for replication), HDV testing / diagnosis-access / reflex-cascade systems (anti-HDV serology followed by HDV RNA NAT; laboratory-based reflex testing programme shape \u2014 no assay SOPs or antiviral regimen how-to), and dual B+D programme-shape systems (integrated HBV\u2013HDV testing/care pathway themes under Global hepatitis strategies \u2014 HepB birth-dose CE stays Wave HN). Research pack only \u2014 complementary to Waves DC/HN hepatitis / HepB (HepB \u2260 HepD; birth-dose CE stays HN), Wave GI HepC (HepC \u2260 HepD), Wave IH HepA (HepA \u2260 HepD), Wave IL HepE (HepE \u2260 HepD), and Wave BZ immunization (HepB vaccine / routine EPI CE stay immunization \u2014 no dual EPI CE; HDV prevention via HepB immunization is cite-only cross-link). GiveWell: **no** dedicated hepatitis D / HDV Top Charity or completed HepD-systems CEA (**honest null**). HLI/ACE: honest null (out of scope). WHO HepD fact sheet + 2024 CHB guidelines HDV chapters + Global hepatitis report 2024 programme-shape; IHME/GBD acute hepatitis D / viral-hepatitis burden bibliography-only. No medical dosing / antiviral regimen / clinical how-to. See docs/cause-hepatitis-d-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "hepatitis D", "HDV", "HepD", "hepatitis delta", "hepatitis D co-infection", "HBV-HDV co-infection", "delta hepatitis", "chronic hepatitis D" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best hepatitis D HDV charity GiveWell", "hepatitis D testing cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO HDV anti-HDV HBsAg reflex testing programme systems", "HepD dual B+D programme Better World", "HepD vs HepB vs HepC vs HepA vs HepE pack" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_hepatitis_d_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hepatitis-d" }, { "source_id": "who_chb_guidelines_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240090903" }, { "source_id": "who_global_hepatitis_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240091672" }, { "source_id": "who_hdv_estimates_2020_news", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/29-04-2020-new-estimates-highlight-need-to-step-up-the-response-to-hepatitis-d" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_research_on_programs", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/research-on-programs" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_d_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-d-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_b_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-b-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_c_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-c-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_a_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-a-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_hepatitis_e_research", "url": "docs/cause-hepatitis-e-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_immunization_research", "url": "docs/cause-immunization-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-hepatitis-d-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; no medical advice; no hepatitis D antiviral dosing schedules, individual clinical regimens, assay SOPs, or clinical how-to.", "disambiguation_note": "HepB birth-dose / PMTCT / blood-safety ownership stays cause_hepatitis / cause_hepatitis_b (Waves DC/HN) \u2014 HepB \u2260 HepD; HDV requires HBV but birth-dose CE stays HN. HCV DAA stay cause_hepatitis_c (Wave GI) \u2014 HepC \u2260 HepD. HepA stay cause_hepatitis_a (Wave IH) \u2014 HepA \u2260 HepD. HepE stay cause_hepatitis_e (Wave IL) \u2014 HepE \u2260 HepD. Routine EPI / HepB vaccine / NI / Gavi bibliography stay cause_immunization (Wave BZ) \u2014 HDV prevention via HepB immunization is cite-only cross-link; no dual EPI CE. HepD owns CE-null HBsAg+ co-infection testing, reflex diagnosis-access, and dual B+D programme-shape systems deepening only.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_vivax", "name": "Plasmodium vivax / radical-cure programme systems", "slug": "malaria-vivax-radical-cure-programme-systems", "description": "Plasmodium vivax malaria programme systems in LMICs: species-diagnosis access systems, radical-cure programme-shape systems, relapse-prevention programme systems, and G6PD-testing programme systems at health-system level under WHO Global Malaria Programme diagnosis/treatment hubs, G6PD RDT guidance, and Guidelines for malaria. Research pack only \u2014 complementary to live cause_malaria (owns int_itn AMF Top Charity CE + int_smc Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE + thin int_malaria_vaccine_support + Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc \u2014 never invent dual CE; cite existing GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC CE by reference only; vivax drafts CE null/unverified \u2014 no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated published vivax radical-cure CEA path; Feb 2025 WHO GDG SLD-PQ for P. falciparum \u2260 vivax radical cure; HLI/ACE honest null). Wave IN case management \u2260 vivax-specific radical-cure/G6PD ownership (cross-link only). Wave HT SMC \u2260 vivax. Wave HV IPTp \u2260 vivax. Wave IB PMC \u2260 vivax. Wave IR IPTi \u2260 vivax. Wave IX IPTsc \u2260 vivax. Wave IU MDA \u2260 vivax radical-cure ownership. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 vivax. Wave IG LSM \u2260 vivax. Wave IA IRS \u2260 vivax. AMF cite-by-ref for nets only. WHO fact sheet + guidelines + GMP hubs + G6PD guide/policy brief + Jan 2025 G6PD PQ news + WMR 2024 primary for programme shape; IHME/GBD malaria burden bibliography-only. No medical dosing / drug regimen / G6PD assay how-to / primaquine-tafenoquine recipes. See docs/cause-malaria-vivax-research.md. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "Plasmodium vivax", "P. vivax malaria", "vivax radical cure", "malaria relapse prevention", "G6PD testing malaria", "G6PD programme systems", "hypnozoite radical cure systems", "vivax diagnosis access" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best P vivax radical cure charity GiveWell", "G6PD testing malaria cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO vivax radical cure programme systems Better World", "primaquine tafenoquine programme systems vs ITN SMC", "malaria relapse prevention systems Better World Wave JB" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_gmp_g6pd_rdt_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/case-management/diagnosis/rapid-diagnostic-tests/g6pd-rapid-diagnostic-tests" }, { "source_id": "who_guide_g6pd_rdt_radical_cure", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241514286" }, { "source_id": "who_g6pd_testing_policy_brief_2016", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-HTM-GMP-2016.9" }, { "source_id": "who_g6pd_prequalification_news_2025", "url": "https://www.who.int/news/item/08-01-2025-who-prequalifies-diagnostic-test-to-support-safer-administration-of-p.-vivax-malaria-treatments" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_who_gdg_guidelines_grant_feb2025", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/research/grants/who-malaria-guidelines-development-group-guidelines-review-and-update-grant-february-2025" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_vivax_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-vivax-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-research.md" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_case_management_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-case-management-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-vivax-research.md", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public evaluator/WHO/IHME citations only; public-health programme framing. No medical advice; no medical dosing, drug regimen, G6PD assay how-to, primaquine-tafenoquine recipes, or individual treatment protocols.", "disambiguation_note": "Live int_itn / int_smc / AMF / Malaria Consortium Top Charity CE ownership stays cause_malaria (Wave BY). Wave BY thin int_malaria_irs / int_malaria_pmc stay malaria-owned \u2014 do not re-home. Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management (general CM/diagnosis) \u2260 vivax-specific radical-cure / G6PD ownership (cross-link only). Wave HT SMC \u2260 vivax. Wave HV IPTp \u2260 vivax. Wave IB PMC \u2260 vivax. Wave IR IPTi \u2260 vivax. Wave IX IPTsc \u2260 vivax. Wave IU MDA \u2260 vivax radical-cure ownership. Wave IC vaccine \u2260 vivax. Wave IG LSM \u2260 vivax. Wave IA IRS \u2260 vivax. AMF cite-by-ref for nets only. Vivax systems owns CE-null species-diagnosis-access / radical-cure-programme / relapse-prevention / G6PD-testing deepening only \u2014 no dual CE; GiveWell AMF/ITN and MC/SMC cite-by-reference only; vivax drafts null/unverified (no GiveWell Top Charity / dedicated published vivax radical-cure CEA).", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_racd", "name": "Malaria RACD / reactive case detection systems", "slug": "malaria-racd-reactive-case-detection-systems", "description": "Malaria reactive case detection and treatment (RACDT / RACD) and reactive focal screening-and-treatment programme systems in elimination / post-elimination settings: RACDT programme systems (test contacts of index cases; treat positives); case investigation + reactive surveillance response systems enabling WHO-framed reactive strategies; RDA / reactive drug administration programme systems around confirmed cases (\u2260 mass MDA). Complementary systems deepen only \u2014 live cause_malaria keeps ITN/SMC GiveWell Top Charity CE (int_itn / int_smc). All draft CE null / not_for_ranking / unverified. No medical dosing or household screening how-to.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "malaria RACD", "malaria RACDT", "reactive case detection malaria", "reactive case detection and treatment", "reactive focal screening and treatment malaria", "malaria RDA", "reactive drug administration malaria", "malaria reactive surveillance", "malaria case investigation elimination" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria RACD charity GiveWell", "reactive case detection malaria cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO RACDT RDA elimination programme systems Better World", "RACD vs MDA malaria systems", "RACD vs malaria case management" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_elimination_recommendations", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/elimination/recommendations-on-malaria-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_malaria_research_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/28/growing-givewells-largest-research-area-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_racd_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-racd-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-racd-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns int_itn (AMF) and int_smc (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell Top Charity CE \u2014 cite by reference only; never invent dual CE. Wave IU cause_malaria_mda = mass MDA/MSAT \u2260 RACD (mass vs reactive). Wave IN cause_malaria_case_management = care-seeking CM \u2260 RACD systems. Wave HT SMC / HV IPTp / IB PMC / IR IPTi / IX IPTsc \u2260 RACD. Wave IA reactive-IRS bibliography stays IRS-adjacent. GiveWell RACD Top Charity / dedicated published RACD CEA = honest null. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public charity-evaluation / public-health programme framing only. No medical advice. No antimalarial dosing, regimen how-to, household screening radius/how-to, RDT clinical protocols, or operational attack playbooks. WHO schedules stay external bibliography.", "live_for_ranking": false }, { "id": "cause_malaria_msat", "name": "Malaria MSAT / focal screening-and-treatment systems", "slug": "malaria-msat-focal-screening-treatment-systems", "description": "Malaria mass / focal screening-and-treatment (MSAT / MTaT / FSAT) and reactive screening-in-foci programme systems: test people in a broad or defined geographic area (or in programme foci) and treat only positives \u2014 distinct from mass drug administration (MDA treat-all without screening), from RACD (index-case household/neighbourhood reactive detection), from care-seeking case management, and from IPTsc/IPTi/SMC chemoprevention. Complementary systems deepen only \u2014 live cause_malaria keeps ITN/SMC GiveWell Top Charity CE (int_itn / int_smc). All draft CE null / not_for_ranking / unverified. No medical dosing or screening/test\u2013treat clinical how-to.", "parent_cause_id": "cause_global_health_life_saving", "outcome_families": [ "lives_saved", "health_dalys" ], "aliases": [ "malaria MSAT", "mass screening and treatment malaria", "mass testing and treatment malaria", "malaria MTaT", "malaria FSAT", "focal screening and treatment malaria", "reactive screening in foci malaria", "malaria screening-linked mass programmes" ], "agent_query_hints": [ "best malaria MSAT charity GiveWell", "mass screening and treatment malaria cost-effectiveness donate", "WHO MSAT FSAT MTaT programme systems Better World", "MSAT vs MDA malaria systems", "MSAT vs RACD malaria", "focal screening treatment malaria elimination" ], "last_reviewed": "2026-10-01", "sources": [ { "source_id": "who_malaria_fact_sheet", "url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_guidelines_for_malaria_hub", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/guidelines-for-malaria" }, { "source_id": "who_elimination_recommendations", "url": "https://www.who.int/teams/global-malaria-programme/elimination/recommendations-on-malaria-elimination" }, { "source_id": "who_role_of_mda_msat_fsat", "url": "https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/documents/publications/role-of-mass-drug-administration-mass-screening-and-treatment-and-focal-screening-and-treatment-for-malaria.pdf?sfvrsn=968fdeb1_1" }, { "source_id": "who_world_malaria_report_2024", "url": "https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240104440" }, { "source_id": "gw_top_charities", "url": "https://www.givewell.org/charities/top-charities" }, { "source_id": "gw_2026_malaria_research_blog", "url": "https://blog.givewell.org/2026/05/28/growing-givewells-largest-research-area-malaria/" }, { "source_id": "ihme_gbd_results_tool", "url": "https://www.healthdata.org/data-tools-practices/interactive-visuals/gbd-results" }, { "source_id": "cause_malaria_msat_research", "url": "docs/cause-malaria-msat-research.md" } ], "phase": "future", "ingest_status": "not_started", "related_research_doc": "docs/cause-malaria-msat-research.md", "disambiguation_note": "Live cause_malaria owns int_itn (AMF) and int_smc (Malaria Consortium) GiveWell Top Charity CE \u2014 cite by reference only; never invent dual CE. Wave IU cause_malaria_mda = MDA treat-all without screening (\u2260 MSAT test-then-treat); IU thin int_malaria_msat_screening_linked_programme_systems stays IU bibliography \u2014 Wave JI owns MSAT/FSAT deepen. Wave JE cause_malaria_racd = index-case household/neighbourhood RACDT/RDA \u2260 MSAT/FSAT geographic mass/focal screening. Wave IN CM = care-seeking diagnosis\u2013treatment \u2260 MSAT mass programmes. Wave HT SMC / HV IPTp / IB PMC / IR IPTi / IX IPTsc \u2260 MSAT. GiveWell MSAT Top Charity / dedicated published MSAT CEA = honest null. ADR 0007 Proposed.", "sensitive_topic_note": "Public charity-evaluation / public-health programme framing only. No medical advice. No antimalarial dosing, regimen how-to, RDT/microscopy clinical protocols, screening radius/how-to, or operational attack playbooks. WHO schedules stay external bibliography.", "live_for_ranking": false } ], "source_artifact": "data/causes.json", "filters": { "phase": null, "ids": null, "limit": null, "limit_applied": null }, "missing": [], "note": "Cause catalog from data/causes.json. phase:future stubs are scaffold-only (live_for_ranking=false) and never gate live ranking. ADR 0007 Proposed; mixes_units_in_ranking false.", "docs": "docs/adr/0007-cross-cause-moral-weights.md", "provenance": { "product_version": "0.2.16", "data_snapshot_id": "4d4f52c9ad30", "generated_at_iso": "2026-10-24T15:29:31Z", "mixes_units_in_ranking": false }, "mixes_units_in_ranking": false }